-
实用文档
图表作文
< br>图表作文提示部分包括图表和文字要点提示两部分。
图表的类型主要有：
圆 形
（饼型）
图
（
pie
chart
）
、柱形图
(
直型图
)
（
graph
）
、曲线图（
cha rt
）和数据统计表
(
表格
)
（< /p>
table
）
。图表
作文的写作容包括综合
理解、客观详述和主观表达。
模板一
①总的趋势
②图表具体描述
③剖析图表所揭示的含义
④理由一
⑤理由二
⑥理由三
⑦理由四
⑧总结
⑨前景预测
As can be
seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed
dramatic changes in
①
______. While
②
_______. It is obvious from the table that
③
_________.
What
contributed
to
these
changes?
I
think
the
reasons
are
as
follows.
To
start
with,
④
______. Secondly,
⑤
______ . What
’
s more,
⑥
_______. Last but not least,
⑦
________.
In
conclusion,
⑧
_________. Moreover,
⑨
________.
文：
How People Spent Their Holidays
Year 1990
1995 2000
Traveling 37% 51% 76%
Staying at home 63% 49% 24%
1.
上图所示为
1990
、
< p>1995、
2000
年某城市人们度假方式的情况，请描述其 变化：
2.
请说明发生这些变化的原因。
3.
得出结论。
How People Spent
Their Holidays
As can be seen from the
table,
the past decade have witnessed dramatic changes
in the way
people spent their holiday between 1990 and 1990,
63% of people
spent
their
holidays
at
home,
while
the
figure
dropped
considerably
to
24%
in
2000.
It
is
obvious
from
the
table
that
people
tended
to
be
more
and
more
mobile,
and
they
wanted to get entertainment
in the outside world.
What
contributed
to
these
changes?
I
think
the
reasons
are
as
follows.
To
start
with,
with
the
rapid
development
of
economy,
people
earn
by
far
more
money
than
they
used
to.
Thus,
people
are
able
to
afford
traveling
expenses.
Secondly,
people
think
it important to get well-
informed about the outside world in this new era
when
everything
is
on
the
move.
Traveling,
of
course,
is
a
sure
way
to
achieve
this
goal.
What's more,
in this competitive society, people are usually
under great stress.
However,
it
is
not
difficult
to
find
traveling
an
effective
way
to
relieve
people's
stress
and
get
relaxation.
Last
but
not
least,
by
traveling
outside,
people
are
close
to nature, which is not only beneficial
to both their health and peace of mind.
In conclusion, people prefer to go
traveling rather than stay at home during
holidays
for
a
combination
of
reasons.
Moreover,
it
seems
that
this
trend
will
last
in the foreseeable future.
模板二
①描述图表
②分三方面解释原因
③下结论
1)
During
the
period
from
_______to
_______,
________rose
from
________to
_______,
实用文档
while _______
decreased from _______ to _______.
2)
We
believe
that
three
reasons
can
account
for
this
phenomenon.
First,____.
Second,
____.
Third, _____.
3) ___.We are happy to
see that things are becoming better and better
nowadays. We
can imagine that ___.
文：
Health Gains in Developing Countries
1
．以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命
(1ife expectancy)
和婴儿死亡率
(infant
mortality)
的变化情况
2
．说明引起变化的各种原因
Health Gains in Developing Countries
During
the
period
from
1960
to
1990,
the
life
expectancy
of
developing
countries
rose
from 40 years to nearly 60 years, while infant
mortality decreased from 200
deaths per
1000 births to around 100.
We believe
that three reasons can account for this
phenomenon. First, economy
develops
quickly in developing countries during this
period, and living quality
improves
significantly
as
a
result.
Second,
people's
health
conditions
also
become
better and better with
the development of national health care systems.
When they
become richer and richer,
they care more about personal health conditions.
Third,
medical
sciences
also
develop
at
a
fantastic
speed,
and
it
is
much
safer
for
mothers
to give
birth.
We
are
happy
to
see
that
things
are
becoming
better
and
better
nowadays.
We
can
imagine that
people will live longer and the infant mortality
will again fall.
[1996.6. CET-6]
模板三
①描述图表
②解释图表
③补充解释
1)
During
the
period
between
_______
and
________,
________
declined
abruptly
from
_______ to ________, while
________ increased sharply from ________ to
_______.
2)
Several
reasons
can
account
for
this
phenomenon.
Compared
with
_________
is
much
cheaper and more
convenient__________ . Apart from that, _________.
3) However, there are still a number of
people who _________, generally for two
reasons. On one hand,________. On the
other hand, ________.
文：
Film Is Giving Way to TV
1.
电影观众越来越少
2.
电视观众越来越多，因为……
3.
然而，还是有人喜欢看电影，因为……
Film Is
Giving Way to TV
During
the
period
between
1975
and
1985
，
film-goers
declined
abruptly
from
85,000
to
about
12,000,
while
TV-watchers
increased
sharply
from
5,000
to
more
than
100,000.
Several reasons can
account for this phenomenon. Compared with a film,
TV is
much
cheaper
and
more
convenient
--you
don't
have
to
leave
your
house
at
all.
Apart
from that, you have many
choices while watching TV, but a film concentrates
on a
certain topic.
However,
there are still a number of people who enjoy going
to the cinema,
实用文档
generally for
two reasons. On the one hand, the audio-visual
effect of a cinema is
much better. On
the other hand, in a quiet and comfortable place
such as a cinema,
you can concentrate
on what you are watching and get the most of the
film.
作业：
2002
年
06
月英语四级写作试题
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition
on
the
topic
Student
Use
of
Computers.
You
should
write
at
least
120
words,
and
base
your composition on the chart and the
outline given below:
18
16
14
12
10
8<
/p>
6
4
2
0
三维柱形图
1
1990
1995
2000
1.
上图所示为
1990
年、
1995
年、
2002
年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请 描述其变化；
2.
请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从 计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；
3.
你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Student Use of Computers
Students tend to use computers more and
more nowadays. Reading this chart, we
can
find
that
the
average
number
of
hours
a
student
spends
on
the
computer
per
week
has
increased
sharply.
In
1990,
it
was
less
than
2
hours;
and
in
1995,
it
increased
to almost 4
hours; while in 2000, the number soared to 20
hours.
Obviously computers are becoming
more and more popular. There are several
reasons
for
this.
First,
computers
facilitate
us
in
more
aspects
of
life.
Also,
the
fast development of the Internet
enlarges our demands for using computers. We can
easily contact with friends in remote
places through the Internet. Besides, the
prices of computers are getting lower
and lower, which enables more students to
purchase them.
Along with
the time spent on computers, there arise some
problems. The most
serious
one
is
that
many
students
are
spending
so
much
time
playing
PC
games
so
that
they
ignore
their
studies.
It
is
urgent
to
let
the
students
use
computers
in
a
proper
way
模仿练习：
1.
电影观众越来越少
2.
电视观众越来越多
,
因为……
3.
然而还是有人喜欢看电影，因
为……
During the period between 1975 and
1985, film-goers declined abruptly from
85,000
to
about
12,000,
while
TV-watchers
increased
sharply
from
5,000
to
more
than
100,000.
Several
reasons
can
account
for
this
phenomenon,
Compared
with
a
film,
TV
实用文档
is much
cheaper and more
convenient-you
don
’
t have to leave your house at all. Apart from that, you have
many
choices
while
watching
TV,
but
film
concentrates
on
a
certain
topic.
However,
there
are
still
a
number
of
people
who
enjoy
going
to
the
cinema,
generally
for
two
reasons.
On the
one hand, the audiovisual effect of a cinema is
much better. On the
other hand, in
quiet and comfortable place such as a cinema, you
can concentrate
on what you are
watching and get the most of the film.
开头段主题句
1. From /
According to the above picture /table/ chart/
diagram/ graph, we can see
that/ it can
be learned/ estimated/ predicted that .
2. As can be seen from the above
picture /table/ chart/ diagram/ graph, great /
dramatic changes have taken place in
in/from to .
3. As demonstrated/ shown
/ illustrated / described / seen from the chart /
table
/ graph, we can see that .
应用文
四级以应用文为主准备，其次是现象解释型。
1.
应用文：你一个正读大学的好朋友给你来信说他想放弃四级考试， 请你给他写一封信，
劝说他不要放弃。
2.
应用文：因为学生证丢失，申请补办，并说明其对你的重要性
3.
现象解释：自行车丢失现象很严重；其原因是…；如何解决。
4.
记叙文：
The experience of my first job
（略）
5.
祝贺信：祝贺你的同学明得到奖学金（略）
（一）劝说信：不要放弃四级考试。
Dear Mary,
Thank you for
your letter dated June 2 which I reached me today.
In the letter
you said you wanted to
give up the CET4 exam, and I am writing in the
hope that you
could hold up your spirit
to take the exam and eventually pass it.
As
you
mentioned,
English
listening
is
your
terrible
dream.
You
can
try
the
tape
I sent to you with this
letter. The tape was made by our college English
teacher,
which helped me a lot. You can
also do some listening in the morning everyday. As
for your vocabulary, you need to
remember the words with sentences. Thirdly, you
need to read at least 2 passages every
day for the reason that reading takes much
marks in the CET 4, and it can enlarge
your vocabulary at the same time.
I
wish
you
can
take
my
advice
and
pursue
your
English
study.
May
you
get
a
high
mark in the coming CET 4.
If there is anything I can help, please let me
know.
Sincerely yours,
Li
Ming
（二）
应用文：因为学生证丢失，申请补办，并说明其对你的重要性
Dear Sir or Madame,
My name
is Li Ming, a student of Business Department at
our university. I am
writing to re-
question a new student identification card. A
thief stole my wallet
where
I
put
it
yesterday.
I
have
made
every
efforts
to
seek
it
back.
However
my
dear
card just simply disappeared with the
thief.
实用文档
As
you
know,
the
student
identification
card
is
extremely
useful
for
us.
First
of
all, the CET 4 is drawing near, and I need it to
enter the national test, which
is held
only two times a year. Besides, the student
identification card is also
required
in
the
library
and
it
is
a
“
must
”
for
me
to
withdraw
money
from
the
bank.
Please
inform
me
when
you
have
come
to
a
decision.
I
am
looking
for
your
earlier
reply.
My
telephone
number
is
54567xx.
If
further
materials
are
required,
I
am
only
too willing to forward to you.
Many thanks,
Sincerely
yours,
Li Ming
（三）寻物启事，应用文
Lost
June 23, 2007
I am so
careless that I lost my student identification
card in the library.
Yesterday
afternoon,
I
was
studying
English
at
the
back
row
of
Room
204
and
preparing
for my exam today, but when I went for
supper, I lost my dear card.
As you
know, the card is extremely useful for me. First
of all, the CET 4 is
drawing
near,
and
I
need
it
to
enter
the
national
test,
which
is
held
only
two
times
a year. Besides, the
student identification card is also required in
the library
and it is a
“
must
”
for me to withdraw money from the bank.
Will
the
finder
please
ring
me
up
to
fetch
it
back?
My
telephone
number
is
54567xx.
I will be much obliged if anyone could
help me.
Yours
英文书信格式概述
1
、信头（
Heading
）
指发信人的（单位
名称）
、地址和日期，一般写在信纸的右上角。
英文地
址的写法与中文完全不同，
地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：
第一行写门牌和街名；
第
二行写县、
市、
省、
州 、
邮编、
国名；
然后再写日期。
标点符号一般在每 一行的末尾都不用，
但在每一行的之间，该用的还要用，例如在写日期的时候。
日期的写法，
如
1997
年
7
月
30
日，
英文为：
July
30
，
1997
（最为普遍）
；
July
30th
，
1997
；
30th July
，
1997
等。
1997
不可写成
97
。
2
、信地址（
Inside Address
）
在一般的社交信中，
信收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的、
地址
等写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。
3
、称呼（
Salutation
）
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。
位置在信地址下方一、二行的地方，从该行的顶 格写起，在
称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式）
，也可以用冒号（美国式）< /p>
。
（
1
）写给亲人、亲戚 和关系密切的朋友时，用
Dear
或
My
dea r
再加上表示亲属关系的称呼
或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）
。例如：
My dear father
，
Dear Tom
等。
（
2
）写给公务上的信函用
Dear Madam
，
Dear Sir
或
Gentlem an
（
Gentlemen
）
。注意：
< p>Dear
纯属公务上往来的客气形式。
Gentlemen
总是以复数形式出现，前不加
Dear
，是
Dear Sir
的复数形式。
（
3
）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：
Dear Prof. Tim Scales, Dear Dr. John
Smith
。
实用文档
假如你不知道收信人的，可用
Dear Sir(s), Dear Madam, Dear Sir or Madam.
假如你知道收信人的，但他并非你的好友，可用
Dear
Mr.
Smith,
Dear
Ms.
Smith,
Dear
Dr.
Smith, Dear Prof. Smith.
4
、正文（
Body of the Letter
）
位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心
部分。
因此要求正文层次分明、
简单易懂。
和中文信
不同的是，正文中一般不用
Hello
！
（你好！
）
正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。
每段书信 第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，
通常以五个字
母为宜，每段第二行
从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。
但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式
，
用齐头式，
即每一行都从左面顶格写起。
商务信件大
< p>都采用齐头式的写法。
5
、结束语（
Complimentary Close
）
在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间
偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。
不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。<
/p>
（
1
）写给家人、亲戚，用
Your loving grandfather
，
Lovingly yours
，
Lovingly,
等；
（
2
）写给熟人、朋友，用
Yours
cordially
，
Yours
affectionately,
Best
regards,
Best
wish, Love
等；
（
3
）写业务信函用
Truly yours
（
Yours truly
）
，
Faithfully yours
（
Yours faithfully
）
等；
（
4
）对上级、长辈用
Yours obediently
（
Obediently yours
）
，
Yours respectfully
（
Respectfully yours
）等
;
(5)
假如你知道收信人的，但他并非你的好友，用
Yours Sincerely
。
6
、签名（
Signature
）
低于结束语一至二行
，
从信纸中间偏右的地方开始，
在结束语的正下方，
在签完名字的 下面
还要有用打字机打出的名字，以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然，写给
亲朋好
友的信，就不必再打了。
（一）感信
常用句型
1
．
I am grateful
／
obliged to you for
…
我非常感你的……
2
．
I am greatly indebted to you for what you have done.
我为你所做的一切表示感激。
3
．
I am thankful
／
obliged to you for your unselfish assistance during
…
感你在……期间给予我无私的帮助。
4
．
I
deeply
appreciate
your
courtesy
and
we
hope
to
have
the
opportunity
of
rewarding
your
kindness
．我非常感你的好意，并希望有机会回报你。
5
．
I take this opportunity to express my deep appreciation of your kind help you
rendered me.
我借此机会对你所给予我的帮助表示深深的感。
6. It was kind and generous of you to
do
this for me
，
and l appreciate it more than
l can say.
你为我这样做真是太好了，我感激不尽。
7.
My
appreciation
to
you
for
your
generous
help
is
beyond
my
words,
I
wish
I
could
repay
it
some
day.
我无法用言语来表达对你的感激之情。但愿有朝一门能回报你的帮
助。<
/p>
8. Please accept my most cordial
thanks for your timely help, which l will never
forget.