-
201
5
英语考试共
3
个小时,分完型、阅读和写作(大小作文)
建议答题顺序
若觉得刚开始答题比较清醒则:
1
、
一开始,精力充沛,先做
Part A
(四篇阅读)
< p>,18min/
篇(
15~20min
) p>
2
、
再做翻译,共
5
句。
5min/
句(
25~30min
)
3
、
新题型(排序题)
30min
4
、
小作文
10~15min
(
100
字)
5
、
大作文
30min
(
160~200
字)
6
、
完型
13~15min
若觉得刚开始答题状态还没调整好则:
按题目顺序答题
1
、
2
:
00~2:15
完型
2
、
2:15~3:20
阅读
4
篇
3
、
3:20~3:40
新题型
4
、
3:40~4:05
翻译
4:05~4:20
小作文
4:20~5:00
大作文
< br>PS
:考研前一年的
9
月份每个周六下午
2
:
00~5
:
00
摸考训练,要做 最近几年的真题
一个星期做一套题,不要只看答案,要精读总结
考试前做份简单的,增加信心
一、
完型(考语法和词汇)答题技巧——八原则
(一)虚拟语气原则
1
、
条件状语从句中的虚拟
(1)
与现在事实相反
从句:
If did(were)
主句:
would/should/could/might do
(2)
与过去事实相反
从句:
If had done
主句:
would/should/could/might have done
(3)
与将来事实相反
did
从句:
If
were to do
主句:
would do
should do
考点
1
、
错综条件句
If you had come
tomorrow,you could see him
tomorrow
(真实情况是明天你不会来)
2
、
倒装句
若
had
were
should
移到句首,变成倒装(此点考察难度比较大)
3
、
but
or
(否则)
otherwise
用虚拟
I was ill
yesterday,otherwise,I would have come to see you.
2
、宾语从句中的虚拟
(
1
)
I wish that
did(were)
现在
had done
过去
I wish
I had a lot of money
我希望我有钱
(实际上现在没有钱)
- 1 -
(
2
)
suggest that (should)do
考点
1
、
第三人称(
he< /p>
、
she
、
it
)
I suggest that he
study
hard.
2
、
not do
I suggest that he
not
study
hard.
3
、
be done
I
suggest that the work be done
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来往公众号:好给力
PS
:表建议的词:
Advi
se/propose/recommend/move
(提议)
/order/ demand/request/insist
(表“坚决要求”用虚
拟
,表“坚持”用真实语气)
表命令要求的词:
(
3
)
would rather that did
希望
……
I
would rather that you stayde at home
3
、主语从句中的虚拟
(
1
)
I t is suggested that (should)do
(
2
)
It is important/necessary/essential/vital/imperative that (should)do
(
3
)
It is time that did
4
、表语从句中的虚拟
My suggestion/advice/proposal/recommend
ation/motion/order/request/requirement
that(should)do
5
、其他
(
1
)
as if/through
did
与现在事实相反
had did
与过去事实相反
he looks at me as
if he had known me.
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(
2
)
lest
(以免、以防、万一)
should do
He put on more clothes
lest he should get cold
(
3
)
If only
(句首)
…
要是。
。
。就好了,表强烈希望
If only
did
Had done
(
4
)
May
(放句首)
do
祝愿
May you succeed
(
5
)
whether do
不管
…
Whether he
be rich or poor,she will marry him
Be
he rich or poor,she will marry
him
(倒装)
She will marry
him
(?)
rich or poor?
(难句)
A
、
he is
B
、
is he
C
、
he be
D
、
be he
虚拟考点网络图
关于
If
在完型中的选择
As if
一般为正确选项——可根据意思和结构其正确性
If only
一般为错误选项
Only
if
(只有在。
。
。条件下)
一般为正确选项
Even if
一般为正确选项
- 2 -
If so
一般为错误选项
(二)从句原则
从句可分为:名词性从句、形容词性从
句(即定语从句)
、副词性从句(状语从句)
名词性从句分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
形容词性从句分为:关系代词引导的定语从句和关系副词引导的定语从句
副词性从句分为:时间、条件、原因、地点、让步、因果状语从句(
6< /p>
种)
1
、
名词性从句
三大考(难)点:
what
、
that
、其他
(
1
)
what
的用法
特点:①充当主语或宾语
②“的”字结构
What
he said is right(what
做
said
的宾语,翻译 为“他所说
的
是对的
)
(2)that
的用法
①不充当任何成分
②无意义
That he is a good
student is known to all
(4)
其他:
wh-
①充当成分
②自身的意义,本意
Whenwherewhywhowhomwhosewhichwhetherhow
When we will have a meeting
isn
’
t clear.
2
、
同位语从句——必须用
that
The news
that he passed the exam made me happy.
(1)
从句所修饰的名词一般是
newsideafactevidencesign
…
(2)
从句一般用来说明前面名词的内容
(3)
从句中不缺少任何成分
3
、定语从句(该句型要会用于写作中)
(
1
)关系代词
先行词是人:
who whom whose that
先行词是物:
which whose that
关系副词
when where why
This is the man who teaches us
English
(先行词是人)
①作主语或宾语
②代替先行词的意思
This is the
book which bought today(
先行词是物
)
考点
1
、
只用
that
引导的定语从句
< br>(
1
)先行词是
sth,anything,everyt hing,nothing,all
等不定代词
(
p>
2
)先行词被
some,any,every,no,all
修饰时
(
3
)先行词被
the only,the very
修饰时
(
4
)先行词被形容词最高级和序数词修饰时
(
5
)先行词前既有人又有物时
(
6
)以
what
或
< p>who开头的特殊疑问句中的定语从句
2
、
只用
which
引导的定语从句
(1)
非限定性定语从句中
(2)
在介词后
3
、
介词
+
关系代词
There are thirty students in our
class,of whom most are from the north.
4
、
As
引导的定语从句
- 3 -
(1)
当先行词被
the same
或
such
修饰时
I bought such a book as you bought
(2)
先行词是整个句子时
(3)
当定语从句放句首时(
“正如“的意思)
As is known to all,he is a good student
5
、
than
引导的定语从句
当先行词被比较级修饰时
I have
more money than you give me
关系副词
This is the school
where
I met her
①先行词是地点
②作地点状语
③代替先行词的意思
This is the day
when
I met her
①先行词是时间
②作时间状语
③代替先行词的意思
This is the
reason why
…
①先行词是原因
②作原因状语
③代替先行词的意思
考点
先行词是时间却不能用
when
引导
The day which he spent with her will
stay in his mind forever
先行词是地点却不能用
where
引导
This is the school which he visited.
4
、
状语从句
(
1
)
时间状语
when
which
as(so)long as
as far as
(
2
)
原因
because
since
as
for
(
3
)
地点
where
(
4
)
条件
if
once
(一旦)
unless
(除非)
(
5
)
目的
so that
in order that
(从句中一般只有情态动词)
(
6
)
让步
although
though
从句考点网络图
in that=because
因为
now that
既然——让步状语
seeing that
既然
provided(that)
假如、如果——条件状语
in case that
如果
except that
so that
没有“
such that
”这种搭配!
!
!
(三)倒装原则
否定词的倒装:
p>
neither,nor,
或
not
放在句首 时,要将助动词放到主语前面
I
can
’
t speak English,neither can he
Looks at the two boys,neither of them
comes from USA
Not untill I get home
will he go to bed
(
四
)
复现原则
1
、原词复现:选项中出现正文里原封不动的词
2
、同意复现:选项中出现正文里意思相近的词
3
、反义复现:选项中出现正文里意思相反的词
- 4 -
(五)并列原则
1
、并列句中
A
B
C,and X ____Y
成分找成分(即
A
和
X
对应,
C
和
Y
对应,则< /p>
B
和
____
对
应)
Whereas
while
instead
but
2
、
并列连词
instead of
A
or
B
better than
other than
rather than
3
、
of
前后并列
A of B
the city of beijing
(
六
)
释义原则
(七)逻辑原则——转折、因果
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从
句中用
although/because
的概率达
50%
,主句中
however
的概率占
90%
二、
作文
(一)小作文——应用文
1
、
要求:
100
字(答题卡上共
11
行,最好写满,差不多
150
字)
,笔尖不要细的,不要用浅色笔写
(作文扫描到网上阅卷,太细太浅看不清)
2
、内容:
辞职、申请、建议、道歉、通知、邀请、推荐、求职、投诉等
3
、应用文的六句口诀:
(
1
)开门见山说意图
(
2
)信息要点覆盖全
(
3
)不同方面可分段(用
fiist second third
分条写)
(
4
)咨询建议分点好
(
5
)感谢客气
(
6
)期待回信
4
、小作文综合模板
(Jan.10.2011)
称呼:
第一段:
照抄或改编小作文的要求部分
第二段:
三点建议或原因
第三段:
I am looking forward to your reply
Yours
…
(二)大作文(以图画题为主,极小可能出图表题)
1
、
要求:
160~200
字,写成三段论,一段
6
句话,注 意句式和词汇(闪光词)的使用
句子要切题、条理
< /p>
PS
:
主旨词一定要尽量在文中均匀重复出现!
< p>!!
2
、
主题句的写法
主题三要素:
(
1
)
topic
(
2
)
controlling idea
论述方面
(
3
)吸引人的方面
Good study habbit
are
useful
to college student
- 5 -
主题
论述方面
There are
three
reasons why I love her
论述方面
主题
BMW is a
fine
car
论述太宽泛,不好
3
、
大作文写作格式(图画式作文)
(
1
)
第一段:描述图画
①
主动式
The picture(cartoon/d
rawing)shows/manifests/depicts/describe
…
According to the figures shows in
table/graph/bar chart ,we can see
that
…
②
被动式
As is shown/depicted
in the picture
…
③
介词短语
In the
picture
…
(
2
)
第二段:若是反映哲理的图则阐述寓意,反映现象的图就分析原因
若是哲理题
Having
scrutinized
(
审查)
the details of the picture,we can discuss the implications
(寓意)
subtly
conveyed from it.
Now
people
in
growing/increasing/significant
numbers
are
beginning
to
realize
(understand/recognize/accept/be
awared)that
…
①
翻译图画下面的文本提示语
②
主题词
(无提示语,需自己总结的)
is of great important in our daily life
若是现象题
Recently the
issue/problem/question/phenomenon of
…
.has been in the limelight
Recently the issue
+
同位语
has been brought into focus/brought to public attention/posed among
the general public
(
3
)
第三段:若是反映哲理的图则发表评论,反映现象的图就提出建议
若是哲理,就评论
In
my opinion/view
as far as I am concerned
from
my own perspective
I
strongly hold
that
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,I
strongly
hold
that
such
a
virtue/phenomenon
should
be
advocated(prevented)openly and
enthusiastically
若是现象,就建议
As far as I am concerned,I strongly
hold two effective measures should be taken to
cope with the
phenomenon.
第一段:①概述
②描述
③引申
:
翻译图中提示语或使用万能句子
第二段:①寓意
②原因
第三段:①观点
②分析
③总结
PS
:收尾三招:强调主题、总结主题、展望未来
=>It
will only be a matter of time before
the problem become things of the past.
段落扩展的四大杀手锏(主要用于第二段)
:
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公众号:
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(
1
)作比较
(
2
)找原因
(
3
)举例子
(
4
)混合使用
5
、图表类型作文(与图画题格式类似)
柱状图
bar chart
饼状图
pie chart
- 6 -
As is shown in the graph,the total
chart is divided
into
…
尽可能少罗列数字
Total
…
is divided in four parts,with A
、
B
、
C and D making up % % % % respectly
The
total...is divided into four part,with A and B
making up
…
%totally.
抓主要矛盾
引申:尽管图中数字看起来是孤立存在的,但事实上他们是紧密相连的
Isolated as the figures seem to be,as a
matter of fact,they are connected to one another
closely
(三)
句子写作
1
、
五个基本句型
(
1
)
主语
< p>+系动词
+
表语
She is beautiful
All the
tourists seemed pleased
(
2
)
主语
< p>+谓语(
Vi
)
Everybody laughs
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(
3
)
主语
< p>+谓语(
Vt
)
+
宾语
He opened the door
(
4
)
主语
< p>+谓语
+
间接宾语
+
宾语 p>
I gave
the old man some money
间接宾语
直接宾语
I gave some money to
the old man
(
5
)
p>
主语
+
谓语
+
宾语
+< /p>
宾语补足语
We found him safe
and sound
形容词
We caught
them stealing apples
动名词
They advised
him to accept theoffer
不定式作宾补
We elected him the
new monitor.
名词
2
、
句子扩展法(
3
途径)
(
1
)
增加修饰成分
①形容词或副词
②同位语做插入语
③介词结构作修饰
In
a
sun-shining
summer
afternoon,the
pump
old
zhang
,with
a
white
shirt,an
old
guy
in his forties,enthusiastically
gives us
a
disappoint
writing lecture
,more
boring
than
the reading lecture.
(
2
)
从属结构
①
名词性从句
三大难点:
“的”字结构用
what
不缺结构用
that
自身意义用其他
②
定语从句(作文中一定要用到)
想到她
/
他就用
who
代替物体用
which
表示“谁的”用
whose
写到谓语停一停,注意谓语的单复数形式及时态变化
< br>状语从句(
6
种)
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(
3
)
并列句
And
but
so
than
either
…
or
neither
…
nor
(
4
)
非谓语动词
若前后主语相同,去一个主语,将句号改逗
号,并将其中一个动词
+ing
或
having done
我是一名教师,我讲课(前后主语相同都是“我”
)
I
am
a
teacher,I
give
classes=>Being
a
teacher,I give classes
或
I ,being a teacher,give classes
我不是一名教师,我讲课
- 7 -
I ,not being a teacher,give classes
现在分词否定时
我过去是学生,但现在我讲课
I
,having been a students,give classes
现在分词完成时
I ,not having
been a students,give classes
How can
you,not being a fish,know the happiness of a
fish?
(汝非鱼,安知鱼之乐乎?)
若前后主语不相同,用独立主格结构
It
is hot today,I stay at home=>It being hot today,I
stay at home.
3
、
段落的扩展
扩展要求:
(
1
)段落统一性
p>
(
2
)段落连贯性:使用代词、过渡词、
关键词的重复
扩展方法:
(
1
)
列举法
listing/addition
(
2
)
举例法
examplification
(
3
)
描述法
description
(
4
)
因果法
cause-effect
(
5
)
比较对比法
comparison and contrast
(
6
)
分类法
classification
(
7
)
定义法
definition
4
、
高分词
(
1
)
Very p>
Exceedingly/excessively/extremely/surpass
ingly/absolutely/highly
(
2
)
Although
Admitting
that/conceding that/in spited of the fact that/for
all that
(
3
)
Because
Considering that/seeing
that/on the ground that/on account of the fact
that/in the light of the fact
that
(
4
)
If
Providing that/assuming that/in case
that/supposing that
(
5
)
When
The instant/moment that
(
6
)
good/bad
desirable/satisfactory/pleasant
(
7
)
like
appreciate/delight in/take pleasure
in/be crazy about
(
8
)
enough
abundant/adequate/ample/sufficient
(
9
)
many
a multitude of/a mass of/a sea of
(
10
)
more and more people
people in
growing/increasing/significant numbers
(
11
)
most students
an overwhelming majority of/a
sizable percentage of/a significant proportion of
(
12
)
think
harbor/hold the view(idea)that
take the attitude that
- 8 -
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-
-
-
-
-
-
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