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英文眼科病例模板描述

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://bjmy2z.cn/zuowen
2021-01-01 08:03
tags:精品文档, 医药卫生, 临床医学

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2021年1月1日发(作者:彭丹)


1

A Discribe Sample


A

vertical

OCT

tomogram

is

acquired

through

the


macula

which

shows

from

above

down

neurosensory


retinal detachment to the inferior fovea in the scan fields.


The fovea is obviously elevated to 1000

μ

m,


2

ACUTE RETINAL NECROSIS


OCT

shows

cystoid

macular

edema

and

diffuse

outer


retinal edema and exudates.


3

AION


The

papillary

swells

and

is

elevated

obviously.

The


physiologic

cup

slmost

disappears.

The

peripapillary


retinal

nerve

fiber

swells,

the

thickness

of

which

is


increased obviously.


4

BECHET


There is cystoid edema in the macula, with well-defined


detachment

of

neurosensory

retina

in

the

fovea

and


diffuse

periphery

retinal

edema.

(serous

detachment

of


neurosensory

retina

)

Retina

in

the

fovea

is thinned.


Sporadic

hyperreflective

points

due

to

the

exudates

of


hard lipids shadows the reflection from the tissues below.


The margin of the optic disc is elevated obviously, which


represents papilledema. ( papilledema) The retina in the


fovea is thickened. Hyperreflective band just anterior to


the neur


5

BEST DISEASE


RPE/choriocapillaris in the macula is elevated, in deeper


layer

of

which

there

is

moderate

reflective

band.(RPE


solid

elevation)There

is

serous

pigment

endothelium


detachment in the superior of vitell


6

CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY


There

is

serous

retinal

detachment

in

the

macula,

with


retinal edema or cystoid edema. The neurosensory retina


is

elevated

in

the

fovea,

with

the

thickness

of

.


Liquid dark area exists below. The RPE/choroicapillaris


reflective

band

is

clearly

visible

or

damaged.

The

RPE


may be elevated and detached.


7

CHOROIDAL HEMANGIOMA


Retina

is

sphere-like

elevated.

Neurosensory

retinal


detachment

is

visible

in

the

margin

of

the

tumor.

The


reflective band of RPE/choroidocapillay is disordered


only

sporadic

and

thin

choroidal

reflective

bands

are


visible

in

below.

The

retina

is

elevated,

with

serous


retinal detachment around the tumor, intraretinal fluid in


the

retina

above

the

tumor.

(RPE

damage)

There

is


intraretinal

department

with

tissues

connecting

in


between in the retina above the tumor. There is shallow


retinal detachment in the


8

CHOROIDAL OSTEOMA


The

RPE/choroid

reflective

band

is

enhanced

and


broadened

irregularly,

partially

elevated

and

breaks

in


temperal

papillary.

The

shallow

neurosensory

retinal


detachment

is

observed

in

the

macula,

(neurosensory


retinal

detachment).

The

retina

in

the

fovea

is

thinned,


The

retina

is

intraretinal

departed

with

reflection

of


tissues

in

between,

representing

secondary

retinoschisis


in the macula and papillary, with disordered reflection.


9

CNV


The

strongest

reflective

band

(RPE/CC)

ruptures.

There


is

a

multilayer hyperreflction

subretinal

elevation

in

the


rupture. Neurosensory retinal detachment, retinal edema


and exudation are visible.


10

CONTUSION OF RETINA


There

is

full-thickness

retina

loss

in

the

macula,

with


surrounding

neurosensory

retina

edema.

(macular

hole


and edema) Moderate reflection in the fovea and the both


sides

hyperreflection

of

hemorrhage

are

observed

when


RPE

hemorrhagic

detachment

exists.

The

choroidal


reflective band is enhanced in the temporal fovea, which


represents

choroid

rupture.(choroid

rupture

with


hemorrhagic RPE detachment) The RPE/choriocapillaris


reflective band is broken and disordered in the temporal


fovea, with the reflective


11

DIABETIC RETINOPATHY


(macular

edema)The

neurosensory

retina

shows


thickened

thickness

and

diffuse

reduced

interlaminar


reflection

in

the

macula

and

periphery

retina.

There

are


sporadic hyperreflective points in outer retina shadowing


the reflection returning from below, due to hard exudates.


The serous neurosensory retina detachment exists in the


macula, with detachment cavity shown as fluid dark area.


The

local

elevation

of

retinal

nerve

fiber

layer

shows


enhanced reflection and shadows the reflection returning


from below, wh


12

Drusen


Hard drusen shows the local elevation of RPE and tissues


below,

with

hyperreflectivity.

Soft

drusen

shows


semispherical elevation of RPE.


13

Dry AMD


Hard drusen shows the local elevation of RPE and tissues


below,

with

hyperreflectivity.

Soft

drusen

shows


semispherical elevation of RPE.


RPE/choriocapillaris

is

elevated

well-defined.

(hard


drusen) The neurosensory retina is normal or thinned in


corresponding

area.

The

reflection

band

of


RPE/choriocapillaris

is

elevated

like

semisphere

or


merged-semisphere. There is moderate density reflection


band

below,

connecting

with

the

choroidal

reflection


band.

(soft

drusen) .

Retina

above

is

thinned,

while

the


reflection

band

of

RPE/choriocapillaris

is


enhanced.(choroidoretinal geographic atrophy). The RPE


reflection band disappears somewhere.(RPE a


14

EPIRETINAL HEMORRHAGE


Retina seems to be elevated, with dense hyperreflection


anterior

to

the

retina.

All

the

reflection

from

tissues


behind it disappears. It’s hard to identify the hemorrhage


is

located

under

the

inner

limiting

membrane

or

behind


the posterior limiting membrane of the vitreous.


15

EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE IN THE MACULA


The

epiretinal

membrane

appears

as

a

streaky-like


enhanced

reflective

band

just

attached

anterior

to

the


neurosensory

retina.

The

depression

of

the

fovea


disappears,

and

macular

edema

forms.

The

thickness

of


the

retina

is

increased

in

the

fovea,

with

steep

contour


and pseudohole forms.


16

EPIRETINAL MEMBRANE


The moderate and high reflective band is shown adhered


tightly anterior to the retina, which may track the retina,


resulting in retinal pucker and retinal edema.


17

GLAUCOMA RETINAL NERVE FIBER LAYER


The

reflection

of

retinal

nerve

fiber

layer

is

thinned


diffusely.


18

GLAUCOMA


The

physiologic

cup

is

enlarged

and

deepened,

the


reflective

band

is

thinned

or

breaks

in

the

superior

cup


wall. The cup is enlarged.


19

HARD EXUDATION


Potted

and

sheet

hyperreflection

is

shown

in

outer


plexiform layer, attenuating the reflection behind.


20

IDIOPATHIC CNV


Retina swells and is thickened. Serous retinal detachment


is

shown,

while

choroidal

neovascular

is

visible

under


the macula.


21

IDIOPATHIC CNV-1


There

is

cystoid

edema in the

fovea. The

hyperrefletive


points

in

the

outer

retina

which

attenuate

the

tissues


behind

represent

the

hard

exudation.

Hemorrhagic

or


serous

neurosensory

retinal

detachment

forms.

The


RPE/choriocapillaris

reflective

band

is

fusiform-like


enhanced in the upper macula, consistent with choroidal


neovascular. The topography map shows that the retina is


thickened,

white

and

red,

in

the

fovea

and

above


(correspongding the CNV) .


22

JUVENILE RETINOSCHISIS


Cystoid alteration is seen in the macula, and the cavity is


departed

by

tilted

and

vertical

tissues.

Peripheral


neurosensory

retina

shows

intraretinal

department,

with


column tissues connecting in between. The thickness of


the

retina

is

increased

in

the

fovea,

especially

in

the


inferonasal retina, with the superotemporal retina thinned.


(cystoid

macular

edema).

The

inner

wall

ruptures

after


cystoid

alteration

in

the

macula,

then

the

lamellar

hole


forms.(lamellar

macula

hole)

.

Neurosensory

retinal


detachme


23

MACULAR HOLE


Full-thickness hole: loss of full- thickness retina shows no


reflection.

Lamellar

hole:

The

loss

of

the

inner

retina,


part

of

the

reflection

is

absent.

stage

I

macular

hole


shows disappearance of the normal foveal contour and a


low reflection field in below , but the inner layer of the


retinal

doesn’t

break

in

the

macula.

Vitreous

traction

to


the fovea is visible. Alleviation happens spontaneously in


some

cases.

Stage

II

shows

the

breaks

of

inner

surface


and small full-thickness loss of the retina, accounti


24

MELANOMA OF CHOROID


The

retina

shows

a

flat

and

uneven

elevation,

the


reflective

band

of

the

RPE/choriocapillaris

is

enhanced


mildly,

while

the

reflective

band

of

the

retina

is

almost


normal.

The

pigment

eddothelium

is

elevated

in

the


fovea,

with

serous

retinal

detachment

and

disorders

of


the

reflective

band

of

RPE

above

the

fovea.

(RPE


damage)

Neurosensory

retina

is

elevated

and

detached.


(retinal detachment).


25

NORMAL MACULA


The thickness of the retina of the fovea is

mm. There


is no significant abnormality in the macular contour.


26

NORMAL OPTIC DISC


The superior, inferior and nasal margin of the optic disc


is

elevated

mildly.

The

physiologic

cup

is

small

and


shallow.

The

depression

and

the

slope

are

symmetric.


The

moderate

reflective

band

representing

the

tissues


before

the

cribriform

form

is

visible

in

the

bottom

of


papillary, under which is the hyperreflective band of the


cribriform plate. (normal optic disc).


27

OPTIC DISC PIT


The

vertical

scan

through

the

optic

disc

shows

a

dark


area

without

reflection,

because

of

loss

of

cribriform


plate in the inferior papillary, which represents optic disc


pits. Horizontal scan shows loss of cribriform plate in the


temporal

optic

disc,

which

connects

with

outer

retinal


retinoschisis

and

edema

in

the

macula.

Neurosensory


retinal detachment exists in the macula, and there is only


inner

tissue

with

thin-wall,

which

represents

outer

wall


hole. (optic disc hole and retinal edema and retinoschisis


28

OPTIC NERVE ATROPHY


The normal elevation of the papillary margin disappears.


The

physiologic

cup

shallows,

with

thinning

of

the


peripapillary

retina

and

reflection

band

of

the

retinal


nerve fiber layer.

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