-
学
海
无
涯
Force of Habits
Habits,
whether
good
or
bad,
are
gradually
formed. The more we do a thing, the
more we
tend to like doing it; and if
we do not continue
to do it, we feel
uncomfortable. This is called
the
force
of
habits,
and
the
force
of
habits
should be fought against.
This applies even to such good things
as work
or
rest.
Some
people
form
a
bad
habit
of
working
too
much,
and
others
of
idling
too
much. Bad habits, once formed, are
difficult to
get rid of.
The
wise man always remembers to check any
ba
d
habit.
He
warns
himself
“I
am
now
becoming idle” or “I like
too many sweets” or
“I
smoke
too
much”.
And
then
adds,
“I
will
get
myself out of this bad habit at once.”
Way to Achieve Success
Many
people say that they owe much of it to
the cultivation of certain good habits
in early
life. In forming good habits,
I think we should
pay
attention
to
four
things,
that
is
honesty,
industry,
enthusiasm and thrift.
“Honesty is the
best policy.” This is a proverb
to
which we must pay attention. There are so
many
temptations
in
society
that
through
a
little carelessness we may go astray.
But when
we are honest, people will not
be dishonest to
us.
Industry
gives
every
man
and
woman,
every
boy and
girl, proper work to do. To do nothing
is going to ruin oneself.
En
thusiasm
is
a
great
force.
One’s
soul
will
expand if one
devotes oneself to a noble cause.
The
difficulties
in
our
way
are
tremendous,
but
what
can
we
not
accomplish,
if
with
enthusiasm?
There are many proverbs, which set
forth the
advantages of thrift. Since
we live in the world
in which money is
a very powerful thing, we
should
always
try
to
save
a
portion
of
our
earnings for future use.
These
are
the
four
things
to
which
we
must
pay
attention.
It
is
only
by
this
way
that
we
can achieve success.
--- A
Blessing or a Curse?
As TV enters more
and more families, people
begin
to
wonder
about
its
advantages
and
disadvantages.
Some
believe
it
is
a
blessing,
others hold that it is
a curse to society.
TV, as a mass
media, can bring to people new
information
on
economies,
culture,
arts,
and
many
other
fields.
People
can
enjoy
their
favorite programs at home. In some
countries,
some
TV
stations
provide
such
programs
as
looking
for
dangerous
criminals
and
lost
children,
helping
to
find
an
ideal
lover,
and
others
which
are
quite
beneficial
to
society,
some
TV
stations
provide
various
useful
seminars for people of
various ages and social
status.
But
on
the
other
hand,
TV
may
exert
bad
influence
on
people.
Some
programs
are
full of violence. As a
result, people, especially
juveniles,
are
led
to
commit
crimes.
An
increasing
number
of
people
are
so
indulged
in
TV
programs
that
some
even
neglect
their
duties.
In
my
opinion,
the
attitude
towards
TV
all
depends
on
oneself.
People
should
choose
those
programs,
which
are
useful,
and
can
bring to them the sense of beauty.
Test and Test Taking
The
purpose
of
a
test
is
to
check
how
much
we
students
have
learned
about
a
subject.
It
not
only
helps
make
our
newly
acquired
knowledge
permanent,
but
also
enables
us
to
find
out
what
needs
to
spend
more
time
improving.
But
some
students
do
not
deal
with
test
correctly. Some
of them are afraid of failing in
a
test.
They
cheat
even
at
the
risk
of
being
caught on exams. Though
cheating might give
one
“better
grades”,
it
adds
nothing
to
one’s
knowledge.
This
dishonest
behavior
will
do
one more harm than good.
I
think that we go to college in order to have
our
further
studies,
and
prepare
us
to
be
qualified
for
the
future
job.
Therefore,
we
学
海
无
涯
should take a correct attitude towards
test. As
long
as
we
study
diligently
and
review
our
lessons
regularly,
we
are
sure
to
be
used
to
serve its real purpose.
Dictionary
The
dictionary
is
a
living
teacher.
Whenever
you
come
across
a
new
word,
just
consult
it
and
you
will
get
a
clear
definition.
Every
student,
whether
attending
school
or
self-taught, should always have a
dictionary at
hand.
As
a
study
aid,
it
is
convenient,
inexpensive
and
almost
omniscient
(all-knowing).
Language
skills
will
develop
with
your
constant use of
various dictionaries. The more
you
use
them,
the
more
familiar
you
will
become
with
them.
Sooner
or
later,
you
will
be quite skilled in finding
the page, scanning
the entries and
locating the exact meanings of
the new
words. But you should have one thing
in
mind. As a language student, you can never
become
too
much
attached
to
dictionaries;
basic
language
skills
do
not
come
from
dictionaries,
but
from
your
practice.
Expose
yourself to the language by listening,
speaking,
reading and writing more, and
that is the only
way to the mastery of
a language.
Learning
Learning is one’s own business, which
cannot
rely
on
others.
As
we
know,
learning
is
a
process of
accumulating knowledge. It is one’s
life-long
task,
which
cannot
be
accomplished
in
one
move.
A
successful
learner
is
an
independent one who has both
an indomitable
(unyielding)
will
and
amazing
endurance.
He
will
try
to
discover
his
own
way
of
learning.
Instead
of
waiting
for
the
teacher’s
help,
he
will
make
efforts
to
create
favorable
conditions
on
his
own
initiative.
It
will
certainly
be
of
great
help,
if
there
is
good
environment, sufficient books and
equipment,
as
well
as
instructions
from
teacher
and
beneficial friends. But even
if one has got all
these favorable
conditions, one cannot be sure
to
succeed in learning.
So
the
most
important
factor
in
learning
consists in
one’s own effort. To learn is rather
a
painstaking and persevering business. Many
a man is a failure because he cannot
bear such
indispensable
hardships.
Unremitting
(never
stopping)
efforts
can
compensate
for
the
lack
of
talents
and
thus
enable
one
to
get
considerable
progress in learning.
Failure a Bad
Thing?
Failure
is
a
common
occurrence
(happening)
in
our
daily
life.
Whatever
we
do,
there
are
always two possible results:
success or failure.
Although
everyone
wants
to
succeed
in
what
he
tries, sometimes failure can’t be avoided.
Different
people
hold
different
attitudes
towards failure. When faced with it,
some can
stand up to it, draw a useful
lesson from it and
try
their
best
to
fulfill
what
they
are
determined to
do. Others, however, lose heart
and
give
in.
They
do
nothing
but
complain
about themselves and objective
conditions.
As
a
popular
saying
goes,
“Failure
teaches
success.” In my opinion,
what really counts is
not the failure
itself, but the proper attitude we
should take after it. I trust that as
long as we
keep
to
what
is
right
and
correct
what
is
wrong,
that
is
to
say,
learn
a
lesson
from
failure, we will be certain to succeed.
So I am
of the opinion that failure is
not a bad thing.
tion
It is
impossible to keep in good health unless
we
take
sufficient
(enough)
recreation.
The
mind,
too,
requires
change
to
make
it
acute
(sharp)
and
vigorous.
There
is
much
truth
in
the
old saying, “All work and no play
makes
Jack a dull boy.”
There
are
many
games
for
people
to
indulge
(enjoy) after their work
of study. Among them
are
football,
tennis,
and
kite-flying.
Other
forms
of
recreation
are
boating,
fishing,
gardening,
cycling,
walking,
chess-playing,
and
reading.
Those
who
spend
most
of
their
time
in
the
open
air
and
have
constant
学
海
无
涯
muscular
employment,
should
adopt
reading
or
some
other
quiet
forms
of
recreation.
Persons who sit much
at their business should
take a kind of
recreation that will supply their
muscles with exercise.
Recreation
provides
people
with
the
kind
of
rest and relaxation. It makes
people feel happy,
energetic and
confident, meanwhile it prepares
people
to
do
much
better
than
ever
in
their
daily work.
9.
On Today’s Education
I think one of
the main problems with today’s
education is that too much emphasis is
placed
on
test
score.
It
has
become
the
most
important
criterion
(standard)
for
college
enrollment.
A
student,
however
creative
and
intelligent, will not be admitted into
a college
for his total scores are just
one point less than
required. It is
also on of the crucial (decisive)
factors
either
in
job
assignment
or
in
employment competitions.
The
competition
for
high
scores
among
students
becomes
intense.
Students
find
themselves concentrating
more on strategies to
achieve
high
scores
than
on
acquiring
the
knowledge.
They
will
play
truant
(stay
away
from)
of
some
subsidiary
(less
important)
courses
and
skip
over
the
substance,
which
will not
be tested on.
Teachers
are
apt
to
give
their
students
high
scores.
As
their
job
is
judged
mainly
by
the
students’
performance
in
terms
of
scores,
some
teachers
tend
to
set
easy
papers
to
test
their students on
or narrow down the scope of
the exam,
even give them the hints to exams,
or
favor their students with higher scores.
As
a
result,
the
competition
for
high
scores
becomes so intense that
it actually affects our
education
results.
d
Weekends are
important. They provide people
with
the
kind
of
rest
and
relaxation
that
are
essential to a happy and
healthy life. I’m one
of those who know
how to enjoy their leisure
on
the
weekend.
A
good
sleep
at
Saturday
night
usually
helps
me
to
recover
from
the
hard labor of the week. A
delight Sunday trip
to the suburbs
makes me fresh and free from
any
tension.
If
I
stay
at
home,
I
usually
do
some
light
reading
or
practice
Chinese
calligraphy
----
a
traditional
writing
skill
which
has
an
extraordinary
calming
effect.
Sometimes
mother
invites
me to help her cook and I am
always happy to accept her invitation.A
good
rest
on
the
weekend
always
makes
me
feel
happy, energetic,
confident and ready to all the
hard
work
ahead
of
me.
You
cannot
work
happily and efficiently until you learn
how to
rest and relax on the weekend.
View on Job-Hopping
Some
people tend to stick to their positions all
the time, as they think the longer one
works in
a particular field, the more
skillful one will be
at it. Some have
been teachers all their lives.
Some
devote
their
life
energy
to
scientific
research. Such people love their work
and turn
out
to
be
specialists
in
their
own
field.
They
are usually high achievers.
Some
are
different.
They
are
in
the
habit
of
job-hopping,
for
they
always
pursue
(follow)
what
is
new
and
stimulating
(interesting).
They
never
seem
content
with
their
present
situation.
Some
like
to
meet
more
people,
make more
money and new acquaintances, so
they
hop from job to job.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned,
I
want
to
be
professionally
strong.
I
am
not
in
favor
of
constant job-
hopping, as the saying goes “Jack
of
all
trades,
master
of
none”.
But
I
want
to
cooperate
and
communicate
with
someone
else so as to be more creative and less
partial.
12.
Attending College at One’s Own
Expense
Nowadays,
colleges
and
universities
tend
to
accept more and
more candidates with a score
close to
the required by charging a portion of
their
tuition.
Moreover,
the
percentage
of
the
学
海
无
涯
students
attending
college
this
way
will
be
increasing year by year.
Owing
to
this
practice,
college
candidates
have
much
freedom
in
choosing
the
major
they
mostly
interested
in.
In
addition,
those
who
did
not
perform
well
on
the
College
Entrance
Exam
are
able
to
attend
college
to
have further
studies. It is reported that most of
these
students
work
harder
than
their
classmates.
Certainly
this
practice
has
some
disadvantages.
For
example,
those
candidates
who
cannot
afford
the
tuition
might
have
fewer
opportunities
to
receive
higher
education.
In my opinion, the advantages of this
practice
weigh more than its
disadvantages. So I am in
favor
of
it
and
I
believe
people
will
be
more
willing to accept it as
time goes by.
-aged Children Drop Out
It’s
reported
that
in
China
about
one
million
school-aged
children
drop
out
of
school
each
year
and
80%
of
the
drop-outs
are
from
the
families
which
are
too
poor
to
keep
their
children at school.
To
tackle
the
problem,
the
government
has
launched
the
Hope
Project.
It
has
helped
thousands
of
children
go
back
to
school.
But
in
my
opinion,
this
is
far
from
enough.
In
order
to
change
this
situation
completely,
the
government
should
set
aside
an
adequate
amount of money for education,
especially for
elementary
education.
And
also,
the
government
should
establish
laws
to
ensure
that no children should
drop out of school as
elementary school
education is compulsory in
China,
and
local
governments
should
aid
the
poor
families
so
that
they
can
send
their
children to school.
To
sum
up,
so
long
as
our
central
and
local
governments
and
the
whole
society
pay
enough
attention
to
this
problem
and
take
effective action, this
situation will be changed.
dge and
Power
Knowledge and power are the two
things most
desired
by
man.
There
is
close
connection
between
these
two
things.
The
man,
having
done
his
best
in
acquiring
knowledge,
will
easily
get
a
high
position
and
perform
it
successfully.
Power
depends
on
knowledge.
Knowledge
to
power
is
just
like
a
compass
to
a
ship,
by
which
her
sailing
is
made
safely
across
an
unknown
ocean.
A
great
statesman
or
a
learned
scholar
can
render
(give)
his
good
services
to
his
country
just
because
he
has
perfect and
profound knowledge.
Power only follows
knowledge. A man cannot
do
anything
well
unless
he
has
some
information as how to do it well. A man
will
sometimes
lose
his
way
in
a
strange
land; an
apprentice
cannot produce
any
delicate
work.
Why are these so? Because
they are in want of
knowledge.
If
the
apprentice
wishes
to
produce good
work,
he
must
pay
attention
to
his
instructor’s advice.
We
are
all
the
future
masters
of
our
country.
Our country needs our
services. How can we
fulfill
our
future
tasks?
To
get
more
knowledge is the only
answer.
ast
We
get
the
energy
for
our
movements
from
food.
Human
beings
are
just
like
machines.
For
us
to
work
properly,
we
must
be
well
energized. The energy, of course, comes
from
the three meals a day, that is,
breakfast, lunch
and dinner.
Breakfast
is
more
important
than
any
other
meal
in
a
day.
For
one
thing,
after
a
night’s
sleep, most of the energy stored in the
human
body has been consumed. Breakfast
serves the
purpose of replenishing
(fill up again) energy,
thus making us
energetic again. For another, in
the
course of
a day,
morning
is
the
period
of
time
in
which
we
work
with
most
efficiency.
Without breakfast,
the efficiency would be lost.
Finally,
the
constant
lack
of
breakfast
can
contribute
to stomach troubles.
Therefore, to keep
fit, we must have breakfast
学
海
无
涯
every day. It can be a cup of mild with
some
bread,
or
a
bowl
of
porridge
with
some
steamed bread, or anything
else of the similar
kind.
Anyway,
we
must
eat
our
fill
(eat
as
much
as
we
can),
because
a
good
breakfast
can
not
only
ensure
our
good
health
but
also
make a good beginning for a new day.
bespeaks
(show)
the
efforts
and
the
glory
of
acquiring something through
one’s hard work
whereas
a good
look
bespeaks
no
struggle of
the individual. Good
looks are pleasant, but I
like
the
ability
because
it
really
shows
something of
my own self.
Is Struggle
Everything in the world is in constant
struggle.
Struggle
is
in
a
sense
of
the
competition
in
natural
selection among organisms.
Animals and
plants struggle for their existence.
Nature
provides
them
with
weapons
for
that
struggle.
Lions
have
claws;
fish
have
scales;
roses have thorns. They
use these weapons for
the unavoidable
war of existence. Nature also
orders us
to struggle; when we obey the nature,
we win our existence.
The
result
of
struggle
is
the
evolution
of
a
better
society.
In
order
to
surpass
the
others,
one has to devote
himself to what he does. If
every
individual
does
so,
the
society
will
make progress.
Struggle is
inevitable. But we should struggle
with
sportsmanship, not to stand in the way of
others in order to achieve our own
success. It
is only by struggling in
such a way, mankind
will see a world
getting more glorious day by
day.
computers and lose their jobs.
y and Gook Looks
Old
people
usually
tell
the
young,
“Don’t
judge
a
person
by
his
appearance.”
Meaning
ability
is
more
important
than
appearance.
Indeed, we’ve seen so many brilliant
b
ut not at
all
good- looking
people.
In
the
film
Mozart,
an opera
singer reiterates (repeat) this view by
saying,
“For
a
woman
of
taste,
it
is
not
the
looks,
but the talent that interests me.” For her,
the preference shows one’s
taste.
However,
nowadays,
with
more
and
more
interviewers
putting
much
emphasis
on
the
looks, the appearance of the job-
applicants, a
lot
of
people
come
to
the
conclusion
that
appearance
is
more
important
than
ability
because
many
beautiful
girls
acquire
very
good positions although t
hey don’t have much
talent.
In
my opinion, ability is definitely much more
important
than
good
looks,
because
it
demonstrates
one’s
own
self
-cultivation.
It
Computer Replace Human Brain
Computers
are
working
faster
than
human
brain.
But
is
it
possible
that
some
day
the
computer
will
replace
human
brain
and
control the human being?
It is quite impossible. Computers are
designed
and developed by human brain.
They are used
to
speed
up
the
calculation.
Computers
are
working
according
to
the
orders
designed
by
human
being.
The
running
of
computer
is
a
group
of
integrated
circuit
run
by
a
set
of
programmes.
Without
programmes,
the
computers will not know what to do.
It is true people are relying more and
more on
computers.
If
people
don’t
know
how
to
control
computers,
they
may
be
replaced
by
s
Success
is
a
lousy
(very
bad)
teacher.
It
seduces
(tempt)
smart
people
into
thinking
they can’t lose. And it’s an unreliable
guide to
the
future.
What
seems
the
perfect
business
plan
or
latest
technology
today
may
soon
be
out-
of-date.
Usually
winning
lottery
(
彩票
)
is
thought
to
be
one’s
luck.
Many
people
like
to
try
their
luck.
One of
the lottery’s new millionaires gave an
interview
on
television.
When
he
was
asked
by the reporter how he had picked his
winning
numbers,
he
said
that
while
“two
of
the
six
学
海
无
涯
numbers
he
just
pulled
for
no
particular
reason.”
As
for
the
other
four
n
umbers,
he
used
family
birth
dates.
“
So,
you
see,”
he
boasted
（自夸）
, “Winning the lottery is not all
just luck.”
Car and Pollution
Most
Americans
would
find
it
hard
to
think
what
life
would
look
like
without
a
car.
However,
some
have
realized
the
serious
problem of the air
pollution caused by the car.
The
polluted
air
becomes
poisonous
and
dangerous
to health.
One
way
to
get
rid
of
the
polluted
air
is
to
build
a
car
that
does
not
pollute.
That’s
what
several of
the large factories have been trying
to
do.
But
to
build
a
clean
car
is
easier
said
than done.
Progress in this field has been slow.
Another
way
is
to
take
the
place
of
the
car
engine
by
something.
Now
inventors
are
working on steam cars as
well as electric cars.
Many makers
believe that it will take years to
develop a useful model that pleases
men.
To
prevent
the
world
from
being
polluted
by
cars, we make
some changes in the way many
of
us
live.
Americans,
for
example,
have
to
reduce the number of their total cars.
They are
encouraged to travel and to
work by bicycle. It
is thought to help
man to keep the air clean.
But this
change does not come easily. A large
number
of
workers
might
find
themselves
without jobs if a car factory closed.
Thus the
problem
of
air
pollution
would
become
less
important than that of
unemployment.
Although cars
have
led
us
to
better
life,
they
have also
brought us new problems
Is Money
“
Time
is
money.”
This
saying
means
that
time is very valuable.
But
time
is
more
valuable
than
money.
The
money we have lost can be gained again,
but
the
time
we
have
wasted
cannot
be
regained.
Moreover,
sometimes
persons
can
exist
without
money,
but
nothing
can
be
done
without
time,
just
as
no
one
can
live
without
air.
Despite
being
so
valuable,
time
is
often
neglected
by
men.
Since
time
is
an
invisible
thing,
men
often
waste
their
time
unconsciously
（无意地）
. Without anything to
do, they may gossip
from morning till night.
Man can live
only at most to about 100 years.
It
seems
fairly
long,
but
in
fact
it
is
rather
short. We often say “How
quickly time flies!”
How
many
things
can
a
man
accomplish
in
such a
short period? Hence we should use the
valuable
time
properly
to
do
our
work.
We
will race with it. We will
study and work hard.
Never waste a
little bit of it.
to Be a Good Student
Perhaps
it
is
the
dream
of
everyone
to
be
a
good
student
at
school,
but
quite
a
few
students
feel
at
a
loss
on
how
to
make
it.
In
my opinion it is
rather easy if you can act on
the
following points.
First
of
all,
make
full
use
of
your
time
and
work
ha
rd.
Don’t
put
off
till
tomorrow
what
should be
done today, as time past will never
come
back.
The
fast
developing
society
requires
adequate
knowledge,
which
presses
us to spare no efforts to study. Of
course, your
hard work will be rewarded
one day.
Secondly, use your
own head and present your
point of
view. Credulous
（
轻信的）
attitude will
only make you take anything for
granted. With
your
own
judgment
you
will
be
able
to
tell
right
from wrong and set up your own theory.
Thirdly,
set
aside
enough
time
for
relaxation,
entertainment, etc.
don’t ignore the harm of all
work and
no play. Proper sports will build up
your body and improve the efficiency of
your
studying.
To be a good student is easier said
than done,
for it needs a student’s
consistent efforts. But
nothing is
difficult to a man if he puts his heart
学
海
无
涯
into
it.
l Resources
Nature
has
provided
us
with
many
kinds
of
resources.
Almost
everything
we
use
in
our
everyday life comes from
Nature. The food we
eat,
the
water
we
drink,
the
clothes
we
wear,
the
concrete
and
bricks
to
build
our
houses,
the
materials
to
make
bikes
we
ride,
etc.
all
come originally from Nature.
People have been making use
of these natural
supplies
for
thousands
of
years.
With
the
development of
technology and the increase of
the
population,
the
amount
and
range
of
materials
taken
has
increased.
It
is
estimated
that
this
tread
will
continue
in
the
years
to
come.
However,
natural
resources
are
not
in
exhaustible.
Some
resources
are
already
nearly
used
up.
For
example,
the
end
of
the
world’s
fuel
is
already
within
sight.
Such
an
essential daily item as water is in
short supply
in many parts of the
world. We can no longer
thoughtlessly
use the many resources provided
by
Nature.
We
must
learn
to
conserve
what
remains.
Have Only One World
When
industries
grow,
pollution
also
grows.
Today
the
problem
of
environment
has
become more and more
important. The world
population
is
rising
so quickly
that
the
world
has
become too crowded. We are using up our
natural resources too quickly and at
the same
time
we
are
polluting
our
environment
with
dangerous
chemicals.
If
we
don’t
take
action
immediately,
then
we
will
destroy
our
only
world.
Man has made great progress in
environment
protection. Government of
many countries has
established
laws
to
protect
the
forest
and
sea
resource
and
to
stop
the
environmental
pollution.
Still
more
measures
should
be
taken
to
solve
the
problem.
First,
we
should
start
by
educating
the
public
about
the
hazards
of
pollution.
The
government
on
its
part
should
also
design
stricter
laws.
This
is
not
only
for
our
own
generation
but
also
for
the
future
generation to come.
It
is
necessary
to
protect
our
nature
environment.
We
must
begin
now
to
protect
our only world.
The Best Use of Our Land
It
is the land that has been providing us with
everything
we
need
for
centuries.
In
other
words, almost
everything we use daily comes
from the
land directly or indirectly. The food,
clothes,
houses,
even
the
books
and
furniture
are
all
supplied
by
the
land.
But
the
limited
land is decreasing at a surprising
speed. With
the
expanding
of
the
cities,
the
development
of
the
industry
and
over
population,
lots
of
large pieces of good farmland are being
turned
into
residential
areas
with
many
houses
and
apartment
buildings,
or
industrial
areas,
or
warehouses.
Therefore
some
measures
must
be
taken
to
stop the abusing of our farmland. On
the other
hand,
we
should
let
everyone
realize
the
danger
of
being
short
of
land.
And
also
we
should
educate
them
how
to
make
better
use
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