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作文
第一部分
写作授课要点
短文写作总分
20
分。
短文写作部分要求考生写出一篇
80
字左右的短文。
题材以记叙文为主，
试卷可能给出题目或规定情景或段首句。
短文写作的要求为：能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语言错误。
写作内容涉及生活，一般常识和私人信件。
短文写作中的题目我们也可以称作命题写作。
情景写作也就是便条写作。
段首句式的写作可以称为主题句式的写作。
一、英语写作训练的要点
英语写作最重要的一点是用英语思维进行写作。
通病：习惯于先把作文翻译成汉语，然后逐字翻译成英语。
在理解和使用英语词汇时，要注意英语和汉语在意义上的不同。
中文：我得努力学习，要不我就要落后了。
错译：
I should study hard, otherwise I would be backward.
正译：
I should study hard, otherwise I would lag behind.
说明：
是形容词，意为落后的，向后的或缓慢的，
（表示性质）
；
是动
词词组，意为落后，落在后面（表示动作或行为）
。
中文：你不要学我样，你身体没
有我好。
（指：情况不一样。
）
错译：
Never learn from me
，
since you are not so strong as I am.
正译：
Don't follow my example, since you are not so strong as I am.
说明
：
指
向某人学习
， 并不是
照我一样做
的意思。
中文：由于时间关系，我就到此为止。
错译：
Due to the time, I should stop here.
正译：
As time is up (or: limited), I am afraid I have to stop here.
说明：
…
是
由于……之故
而导致某种结果的意思，本句用
due to
不合逻辑。
accept
和
receive, permit
和
promise, call one's name
和
call one by name.
accept
收到（接受）
receive
收到（不一定接受）
permit
允许别人做某事
promise
允许为别人做某事
call one's name
骂某人
call
one by name
叫某人的姓名
所以我们在从事英语写作训练的时候：
1.
要明确英语写作的意义。
2.
要学习和掌握必要的写作理论。
3.
要通过大量的阅读，新概念第二册比较适合。
二、如何限题和写提纲
定题：选择恰当的题目。
命题：
过于笼统：
Teaching
仍较广泛：
Teaching Number Concept
范围缩小：
Teaching Number Concept to Children
范围明确：
Teaching Number Concept to Children at Five
命题
过于笼统：
Child Behaviour
仍较广泛：
How Children Play Together
范围缩小：
How Girls Play Together
范围明确：
Patterns of Play Among Primary School Girl Students
写提纲的好处：
1.
可以扩大思路
2.
可以按次序排好素材
3.
将文章分成段
4.
明确写作的中心思想
旅行的益处。
)
根据这一题目，在构思时可能会想到以下内容：
strange and different things
(
看到各种奇异的东西
)
g people with
different interests (
遇到有各种不同兴趣的人
)
g us fit and healthy
(
有助于身体健康
)
ng beautiful
scenery (
欣赏各地美景
)
tanding
how people live (
了解人们怎样生活
)
ng famous cities and scenic spots
(
浏览名城和名胜
)
g different
foods and local flavours (
品尝各地风味
)
g ideas of the conditions and customs
of other people (
了解各地风土人情
)
ng the fervent love for our motherland
(
激起对祖国的热爱
)
g knowledge of
geography and history (
获得地理历史知识
)
one less narrow minded
(
使人心胸开阔
)
g other
knowledge (
获得其他方面知识
)
places read of in books
(
目睹曾在书上读到过的地方
)
I. enjoy places of interest
a. enjoy beautiful scenery in different places
(4)
b. see places read of in books
(13)
c. visit famous cities and scenic spots
(6)
II. know people and their
customs
people with different interest
(2)
strange and different things
(1)
ideas of the conditions and customs of other people
(8)
different foods and local flavours
(7)
tand how people live in different ways
(5)
III. benefit us both mentally and
physically
knowledge of geography and history
(10)
other knowledge
(12)
the fervent love for our motherland
(9)
us healthy
(3)
one less narrow minded
(11)
The Advantages of Travel
Travel is beneficial to us in at least three ways.
First, by traveling we can enjoy the beautiful scenery in different places. We will see with our
own eyes many places read
of in books, and visit some famous cities and
scenic spots.
Second,
we
will
meet
people
with
different
interests
and
see
strange
and
different
things
when we travel. We can
get ideas of the conditions and customs of other
people, taste different
foods and local
flavours if we like. In this way, we can
understand how differently other people
live.
Third,
travel
will
not
only
help
us
to
gain
knowledge
of
geography
and
history
and
other
knowledge,
which arouses the fervent love for our motherland,
but will also help us keep healthy
and
make us less narrow-minded. Travel does benefit us
both mentally and physically.
With all these advantages of travel, it is no wonder that travel has now become more popular
than ever in China.
在写
100
字左右的作文，我 们也强调三段论。第一句话或第一段我们强调我们要写的内容，
第二段找一些例子阐述一
下。第三段再次把我们强调的内容引申的说一下。
三、文章的三个部分
引言
introduction
正文
body
结束语
conclusion
引言
introduction
1.
When
you
are
waiting
in
front
of
a
theatre
or
at
the
train
terminals,
you
will
realize
how
important
punctuality
is.
Punctuality
is
really
a
virtue,
especially
in
a
busy
city
like
Shanghai.
Perhaps if everybody were punctual,
there would be less suffering and sorrow.
正文
body
2.
Punctuality is the main constituent of good character. A person, who is always in time for his
appointment, shows real consideration
for others. On the other hand, a person who is
always late
shows his selfishness and
thoughtlessness and he is not worthy to be friend
with.
constituent
构成
selfishness
自私
3.
Some people often say that they cannot always be punctual since traffic is so heavy these
days. I think traffic
congestion cannot be an excuse for being late. As
everybody knows that we
might
meet
an
unexpected
congestion
on
the
roads,
we
should
leave
a
bit
earlier
for
the
appointment to ensure that
we would not be late.
traffic
congestion
交通堵塞
4.
Some people always have a lot of excuses for coming late. When
they finally arrive, they
keep on saying sorry to their
friends and then explain. The excuse is not always
traffic congestion,
sometimes they
complain that they have met a friend on the road
or have helped a blind man to
cross the
road. Some also like to blame their watches, the
clocks at home or in the office. To such
people, we cannot help but say sorry
that we have come too early.
keep on
doing sth.
一直做某事
5.
Yet after all such smart fellows will soon find that gradually their friends become fewer and
fewer.
Perhaps at that time, they would realize how
important punctuality is.
结束语
conclusion
6.
To be or not to be punctual is a habit. So when we are young, we should try to be punctual
every time and never be late for it is
much more easily acquired in youth than when we
are older.
The person I shall never forget
The person I shall never forget is Qingfengxiang. She is the best friend in my life.
She often listens to me when my mood is bad. Moreover, she usually gives me some advices if I
need help.
Sometimes, she lends money to me if I want to buy
some new clothes.
I will never forget her help even though I already left Wuhan city. I think that she will be one
of the most important person during
my life. I hope that the friendship of us will
keep forever.
修改后
I will never forget her help even though I have already left Wuhan city. I think that she will be
one of the most
important persons in my life. I hope that the
friendship of us will keep forever.
修改后
She often listens to me when I'm in a bad mood. Moreover, she usually gives me some advices
if I need help. Sometimes, she lends
money to me if I want to buy some new clothes.
Why We Learn English
English is an international language now. Everyone needs to know English.
When we will visit a great number of different places in the word, we need to talk about local
person with English. We are
interesting in books, otherwise nowadays many of
the valuable books
are written in
English or translated into English. We in order to
go through ones, so we should
have a
good command of English.
We should try our best to learn the English language well.
修改后
When
we
visit
a
great
number
of
different
places
in
the
world,
we
need
to
talk
about
a
local
person in English.
Nowadays many of the valuable books are written in
English or translated into
English, so
if we are interested in books, we should have a
good command of English.
修改后
We should try our best to learn English well.
专升本英语作文考试中，语法一定要简明扼要，而且要正确。
四、如何开端和结尾
文章开端的常见写法
1.
背景法：说明事件发生的时间、地点、情景等背景。如：
I was once spending the month of 1982 in a small seaside village in the south of China. It is a
wonderful place
quiet and not fashionable. People usually do not
go there.
2.
人物法：交代文章所要描述的主要人物或有关人物。如：
Once upon a time there was an honest old fellow named Hans. He had a kind heart and a funny,
round, good humoured
face. He lived in a tiny cottage all alone, and
every day he worked in his
garden.
alone
独自一人
lonely
孤独的
3.
主题句法：提出一个观点或论据作为文章要阐明和论述的主题。如：
One of the most notable phases of the industrial revolution was the rapid growth of cities
－－
the shifting
of population from rural districts to the urban
centers.
rural
乡村的
unban
城市的
4.
问题法：用提出问题的方法来引出文章的内容，以吸引读者的注意力。如：
What
is
the
nature
of
the
scientific
attitude,
the
attitude
of
the
man
who
studies
and
applies
physics, chemistry,
medicine, engineering or any other science?
5.
惊语法：用令人感到惊奇的句子开头，激起读者的兴趣。如：
A 39-storeyed building in construction collapsed in the city yesterday.
6.
故事法：以讲述一段故事作为引子，在此基础上展开故事情节。如：
I was spending the night in my aunt's villa one summer. That night, being on a strange bed and
feeling
excited
prevented
me
from
sleeping.
I
slipped
out
of
bed
and
went
to
the
bathroom.
Suddenly, a strange
noise coming from behind made me spin around.
villa
别墅
prevent sb. from doing sth.
阻止某人做某事
spin
around
使人头晕目眩
7.
数据法：引用已经证实的某些统计数字来引起话题。如：
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