围绕中心句写一段话写人叙事的课外文言文

2021年1月20日发(作者：重生之风云天下)
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so t
hat assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
阅读下面的文言文，完成
8~10
题。

王祎，字子充，义乌人。幼敏慧，及长，身长岳立，屹有伟度，以文章名世。睹元政
衰敝，为书七八千言 上时宰。危素、张起岩并荐，不报。隐青岩山，著书，名日盛。太祖征
江西，祎献颂。太祖喜曰：
“
江南有二儒，卿与宋濂耳。学问之博，卿不如濂。才思之雄，
濂不如卿。
”
太祖创礼贤馆，召置馆中。累迁侍礼郎，掌起居注。同知南康府事，多惠政，
赐金带宠之。太祖将即位 ，召还，议礼。

洪武元年八月，上疏言：
“
祈天永命之要，在忠厚以存心， 宽大以为政，法天道，顺人
心。雷霆霜雪，可暂不可常。浙西既平，科敛当减。
”
太祖 嘉纳之，然不能尽从也。明年修
《元史》，命祎与濂为总裁。祎史事擅长，裁烦剔秽，力任笔削。书成， 擢翰林待制，同知
制诰兼国史院编修官。
奉诏预教大本堂，
经明理达，
善开导 。
召对殿廷，
必赐坐，
从容宴语。

五年正月议招谕云南，命祎赍诏 往。至则谕梁王，亟宜奉版图归职方，不然天讨旦夕
至。王不听，馆别室。他日，又谕曰：
“< br>朝廷以云南百万生灵，不欲歼于锋刃。若恃险远，
抗明命，悔无及矣。
”
梁王骇 服，即为改馆。会元遣脱脱征饷，胁王以危言，必欲杀祎。王
不得已出祎见之，脱脱欲屈祎，祎叱曰：< br>“
天既讫汝元命，我朝实代之。汝爝火馀烬，敢与
日月争明邪！且我与汝皆使也，岂为汝 屈！
”
或劝脱脱曰：
“
王公素负重名，不可害。
”
脱脱攘< br>臂曰：
“
今虽孔圣，义不得存。
”
祎顾王曰：
“
汝杀 我，天兵继至，汝祸不旋踵矣。
”
遂遇害。

（节选自《明史
?
王祎传》）

8.
对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是

A.
危素、张起岩并荐，不报

报：答复。

B.
多惠政，赐金带宠之

宠：重用。

C.
祈天永命之要


祈：恳求。

D.
法天道，顺人心

法：效仿。

9.
以下各组句子中，全都表明王祎有非凡胆识的一组是

①为书七八千言上时宰

②雷霆霜雪，可暂不可常

③浙西集平，科敛当减

④裁烦剔秽，力任笔削

⑤亟宜奉版图归职方

⑥

天兵继至，汝祸不旋踵矣

A.
①②⑤

B.
①③⑥

C.
②③④

D.
④⑤⑥

10.
下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是

A.
王 祎兼有堂堂仪表和雄健才思。他自幼聪明而有才智，成人之后伟岸而有风度，明
太祖将他与当时的名儒宋 濂相提并论，还认为他在才思方面胜过宋濂。

B.
王祎凭借自己的才干和政绩受到朝 廷礼遇。明太祖创建礼贤馆，将他招至馆中，后
又升迁为侍礼郎；有时太祖虽不能完全听从他的建议，但 也会褒奖他。

C.
王祎具备很高的史学家素养和教育才能。编撰《元史》时，他与宋 濂同为总裁，书
成后任国史院编修官；奉命讲授国史，能充分说明道理，善于开导学生。
D.
王祎出使云南时采用了恩威并施的策略。他先是晓谕梁王，朝廷怜惜云南百姓，不
想动 用武力；继之又警告梁王，若倚仗险远、抗拒朝廷，将后悔无及。

11.
把文言文阅 读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（
10
分）

（
1
）会元遗脱脱征饷，胁王以危言，必欲杀祎。

译文
_ __________________________________________________ ____________
(2)
天既讫汝元命，我朝实代之。汝爝火馀烬，敢与日月争明邪！

译文< br>_______________________________________________ _____________________
8
、答案：
B
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understan
ding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sio
n of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria
for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
解析：宠：以
……
为宠，把
……
作为宠信。

考点定位：理解常见文言实词在文中的含义，能力层级为理解
B
。

9
、答案：
B
解析：②是一个比喻；④是编修《元史》，文采好；⑤劝说梁王归顺的话。

考点定位：筛选文中的信息，能力层级为分析综合
C
10
、【答案】
D
【解析】他先是晓谕梁王，迅速归顺，不然朝廷的征讨很 快到来，又对梁王说朝廷怜
惜云南百姓，不想动用武力；继之又警告梁王，若倚仗险远、抗拒朝廷，将后 悔无及。

【考点定位】归纳内容要点，概括中心意思，能力层级为分析综合

C
11
、【答案】

（
1
）适逢元朝派遣脱脱征 集粮饷，拿故意吓人的话威胁梁王，一定想要杀死王祎。

（
2
）上天已经要 终结你们元朝的命，我们明朝确实要取代你们。你们（元朝）就像火
把将要烧完，怎么敢和太阳月亮（一 样的明朝）争夺光明呢！

【解析】
（
1
）
注意
“
会
”“
遗
”“
必
”“
胁王以危言
（状语后 置）
”
的翻译。
（
2
）
注意
“
既
”“
讫
”“
实
”“
馀
烬
”“
敢与日月争明
”
的翻译。文言文翻译要严格执行直译的原则；找准得分点：重点实词、
活
用 词、
句式特点、
重要虚词、
通假、
偏义复词；
保持译句流畅通顺让，
译句和原文语境吻合。

【考点定位】理解并翻译文中的句子，能力层级为理解

B

（
10
年全国卷Ⅱ）

三、（
9
分

每小题
3
分）

阅读下面的文言文，完成
8~10
题。

康保裔，河南洛阳人。祖志 忠，讨王都战没。父再遇，从太祖征李筠，又死于兵。保
裔在周屡立战功，及再遇阵没，
诏以保 裔代父职，
从石守信破泽州，又从诸将破契丹于石岭
关，领登州刺史。寻知代州，移深州，领凉 州观察使。真宗即位，召还，以其母老勤养，赐
以上尊酒茶米。
诏褒之，
为高阳关都部 署。
契丹兵大入，
诸将与战于河间，
保裔选精锐赴之，
会暮，约诘朝合战。迟 明，契丹围之数重，左右劝易甲驰突以出，保裔曰：
“
临难无苟免。
”
遂决战 。二日，杀伤甚众，蹴践尘深二尺，兵尽矢绝，援不至，遂没焉，时车驾驻大名，闻
之震悼，
废 朝二日，
赠侍中。
以其子继英为六宅使、
顺州刺史，
继彬为洛苑使。
继英等谢曰：
“
臣父不能决胜而死，陛下不以罪其拏幸矣，臣等顾蒙非常之恩！
”因悲涕伏地不能起。上恻
然曰：
“
尔父王事，赠赏之典，所宜加厚。
”< br>顾谓左右曰：
“
保裔父、祖死疆埸，身复战没，世
有忠节，深可嘉也。
”
保裔谨厚好礼，喜宾客，善骑射，弋飞走无不中。尝握矢三十，引满
以射，筈镝相连而坠，人 服其妙。屡经战阵，身被七十创。贷公钱数十万劳军，没后，亲吏
鬻器玩以偿。上知之，乃复厚赐焉。< br>
方保裔及契丹血战，而援兵不至，唯张凝、李重贵率众策应，遇契丹兵交战，保裔为
敌 所覆，重贵与凝赴援，腹背受敌，自申至寅力战，敌乃退。当时诸将多失部分，独重贵、
凝全军还屯，凝 议上将士功状，重贵喟然曰：
“
大将陷没，而吾曹计功，何面目也！
”
上闻而
嘉之．

（节选自《宋史
?
康保裔传》）

8
．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是

A
．及再遇阵没

及：趁着。

B
．寻知代州。移深州

寻：不久。

C
．会暮，约诘朝合战

会：适逢。

D
．援不至，遂没焉

遂：于是。

9
．以下各组句子中，全都表明康保裔奋身杀敌的一组是

eople- oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
①保裔选精锐赴之

②左右劝易甲驰突以出

③杀伤甚众，蹴践尘深二尺

④身复战没，世有忠节

⑤屡经战阵，身被七十创


⑥腹背受敌，自申至寅力战

A
．①②⑤

B
．①③⑥

C
．②④⑥

D
．③④⑤

10
．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是

A
．康 保裔世代行伍出身．一心报效朝廷。其祖康志忠、其父康再遇先后战死边境：他
代父职后，又随众将攻破 契丹。宋真宗即位．召他回来，给予赏赐嘉奖。

B
．康保裔抱定赴死信念抗击契丹。 契丹大举入侵，双方约定次日早晨交战，契丹却提
前至黎明层层包围宋军，保裔不愿苟免于死，战至兵尽 矢绝，最终阵亡。

C
．
康保裔战死沙场引起强烈反响。他的死讯传来，皇上深深震惊哀悼，
停止朝会两天
天．又赐封其子官职，同时一再表示，保裔是为王事而死 ，理应厚重褒奖。

D
．康保裔品行端正，严谨厚道。他待人接物讲究礼貌，又擅长骑 马射箭，射飞禽走兽
无不中；在与契丹血战时，张凝、李重贵与他共同抗敌，敌军这才退去。

11
．把
(
选择题
)
文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(10
分
)
（
1
）贷公钱数十万劳军，没后，亲吏鬻器玩以偿。

译文：

（
2
）凝议上将士功状，重贵喟然曰：
“
大将陷没，而吾曹计功，何面目也！
”

译文：

答案：

8
、
解析：
本题考查理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。
“
及
”
在文中的意思是
“
到了，
等到
”
，
故选
A
。

9
、解析：本题考查筛选文中的信息。①说康保裔筛选精兵出 征，②说身边人劝康保裔
逃跑，⑥是说张凝、李重贵作战的情形。故选
D
。

10
、解析：本题考查归纳内容要点，概括中心意思。在康保裔与契丹血战时，张凝、
李重贵率领军队策应他，没有与他共同抗敌。故选
D
。

11
、（
1
）解析：本题考查理解并翻译文中的句子。几个重点词语：贷，借；劳，犒劳；
“
没
”
通
“
殁
”
，死亡；鬻，卖；以，目的连词 ，来。故译为：借了公家的数十万钱款犒劳军队，
死后，亲属和部下卖掉器物珍玩来偿还。
< br>（
2
）解析：本题考查理解并翻译文中的句子。几个重点词语：议，建议；上，上奏；< br>状，情形；吾曹，我们；面目，脸面。故译为：张凝建议上奏将士立功情况的文书，李重贵
叹息记 ：
“
大将陷敌阵亡，而我们却计算功劳，有什么脸面呢！
”


（
10
年北京卷）

二、本大题共
4
小题，每小题
3
分，共
12
分。阅读下面的文言文，完成
6-9
题。
宋清，长安西部药市①人也，居善药。有自山泽来，必归宋清氏，清优主之。长安医
工得 清药辅其方，辄易雠②，咸誉清。疾病庀疡者，亦毕乐就清求药，冀速已。清皆乐然响
应，
虽不 持钱者，皆与善药，
积券如山，
未尝诣取直③。或不识，
遥与券，清不为辞。
岁终，
度不能报，辄焚券，终不复言。市人以其异，皆笑之曰：
“
清蚩妄人也。
”

或曰：
“
清其有道者欤？
”
清闻之曰：
“< br>清逐利以活妻子耳，非有道也。然谓我蚩妄者也
亦谬。
”

清居药四十 年，所焚券者百数十人，或至大官，或连数州，受俸博，其馈遗清者，相
属于户。虽不能立报，而以赊死 者千百，不害清之为富也。清之取利远，远故大，岂若小市
人哉？一不得直，则怫然怒，再则骂而仇耳。
彼之为利不亦翦翦乎？吾见蚩之有在也。
清诚
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
以是得大利，又不为妄，执其道不废，卒以富。求者益广，或斥弃沉废，亲与 交；视之落然
者，清不以怠遇其人，必与善药如故。一旦复柄用，益厚报清。其远取利皆类此。

吾观今之交乎人者，炎而附，寒而弃，鲜有能类清之为者。世之言，徒曰
“
市道交”
。呜
呼！清，市人也，
今之交有能望报如清之远者乎？幸而庶几，则天下之穷困 废辱得不死亡者
众矣。柳先生曰：
“
清居市不为市之道，然而居朝廷、居官府、居庠塾 乡党以士大夫自名者，
反争为之不已，悲夫！然则清非独异于市人也。
”

（取材于柳宗元《宋清传》

注：①市：买卖场所，后文也指经商、交易。

②雠：这里指售出、成交

③直：价值，
价钱

6.
下列语句中，加点的词的解释不正确的一项是

A
．居善药

居：聚积，搜集

B
．积券如山

券：借据，欠条

C
．未尝诣取直

诣：前往

D
．终不复言

复：回答

7.
下列各组语句中，加点的词意义和用法都相同的一组是

A.
B.
C.
D.
8.
下列对文中语句的理解，不符合文意的一项是

A.
其馈遗清者相属于户

那些等待宋清馈赠的人在门前排成了队

B.
彼之为利不亦翦翦乎

他们的求利不也太短浅了吗

C.
今之交有能望报如清之远者乎

现在的交往中有能像宋清那样从长远考虑回报的人吗

D.
天下之穷困废辱得不死亡者众矣

天下那些穷困潦倒而还可以活下去的人就会躲起来

9.
下列的理解和分析，不符合文意的一项是

A.
生意场的交往也不一定都是斤斤计较的，宋清就是一个例证。

B.
宋清认为做生意不是为了赚钱，而是追求高尚的做人的境界。

C.
计较蝇头小利不仅是一般商人的本性，也是某些士大夫的通病。

D.
宋清与人交往不仅异于普通商人，也高于某些以士大夫自居的人。

10 .
文言文《宋清传》中说
“
清之取利远，远故大
”
。意思是
“
宋清谋取利益放眼于长远，
因为考虑长远所以获得的利益较大
”
这概括了宋 清经商的特点，请从文中举一例加以说明，
并结合当下的社会生活谈谈自己对这一概括的领悟（不少于< br>200
字）（
10
分）

11.
用斜线（
∕
）给下面短文画横线的部分断句（
5
分）

孟子曰：
“仁者如射，
发而不中，
反求诸身
”
吾尝学射矣始也心志与中目存乎鹄手往 从之
十发而九失其一中者幸也有善射者，教吾反求诸身，手持权衡，足蹈规矩，四肢百体，皆有
法焉，一法不修一病随之病尽而法完则心不期中目不存鹄十发十中矣。

（取材于苏轼《仁说》）

6
、
D
7
、
D
8
、
A
9
、
B
10
、（
10
分）略

11
、（
5
分）

吾尝学射矣
/
始也心志 于中
/
目存乎鹄
/
手往从之
/
十发而九失
/
其一中也
/
幸也。

一法不修
/
一病随之
/病尽而法完
/
则心不期中
/
目不存鹄
/
十发十中矣。< br>
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be

（
10
年广东卷）

阅读下面的文言文，完成
5-9
题

丁丑，俞瑱在居庸关剽掠，居民 窃走来告，上①曰：
“
居庸关山路险峻，北平之襟喉，
百人守之，万夫身窥，据此可无 北顾之忧。今俞瑱得之，利为彼有，势在必取，譬之人家后
户，岂容弃与寇盗。今乘其初至，又兼剽掠， 民心未服，取之甚易；若纵之不取，彼增兵守
之，后难取也。
”
乃命徐安往讨之、安攻 其城，俞瑱走怀来，依宋忠。捷至，上曰：
“
使贼知
固结人心，谨守是关，虽欲取之， 岂能即破？今天以授予，不可失也。
”
乃令千户吴玉守之。

上语诸将曰：
“
宋忠拥兵怀来，
居庸关有必争之势，

因 其未至，
可先击之。
”
诸将皆曰：
“
贼众我寡，难与争锋，击之未便 ，宜固守以待其至。
”
上曰：
“
非公等所知，贼众新集，其心
不一， 宋忠轻躁寡谋，狠愎自用，乘其未定，击之必破。
”

癸未，上率马步精锐八千，卷甲 而进。甲申，至怀来。先是，获贼间谍，言宋忠诳北
平将士云：举家皆为上所杀，委尸填满沟壑，宜为报 。将士闻之，或信或否。

上知之，乃以其家人为前锋，用其旧日旗帜，众遥见旗帜，识其父兄 子弟咸在，喜曰：
“
噫！我固无恙，是宋都督诳我也，几为所误。
”
遂倒戈来 归。宋忠余众仓皇列阵未成，上麾
师渡河，鼓噪直冲其阵，宋忠大败，奔入城。我师乘之而入，宋忠急匿 于厕，搜获之，并擒
俞瑱，斩孙泰于阵，余众悉降，

诸将已得宋忠颇有喜色，上曰宋 忠本庸材以利口取给谄谀奸恶货赂得官才掌兵柄便尔
骄纵此辈荧惑小人视之如狐鼠耳区区胜之何足喜也咸 顿首称善。

（选自明

谢黄《后登陆》卷下，有删改）

【注】①上：皇上指朱棣

5.
对下列句子中加点词的解释，正确的一项是

（
3
分）

A.
上语诸侯曰
…

谈论

B
．委尸填满沟壑

放置

C
．识其父兄子弟咸在

标志

D
．噫！我固无姜

祸患

6.
下列各组句子中，加点词的意义和用法都不相同的一组是

（
3
分）

A
今俞瑱得之

乃令吴玉守之

B.
利为彼有

宜为报仇

C.
降家皆为上所杀

儿为所误

D.
我师乘之而入，宋忠匿于厕

斩孙泰于阵，余众悉降

7.
下列各句，都能表现朱棣
“
料 事如神
”
的一组是

（
3
分）

①居庸关山路险峻，北平值襟喉

②譬之人家后户，岂容弃与寇盗

③今乘其初至，又兼剽掠，民心未服，取之甚易

④贼众新集，其心不一

⑤乘其未定，击之必破


⑥乃以其家人为前锋，用其旧日旗帜

A
．①③⑥

B.
②③⑤

C.
②④⑤

D.
③④⑤

8.
下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是

（
3
分）

A
．朱棣深谋远虑，迅速出击居庸关，打败了俞 瑱；然后进军怀来，一举击溃敌军，活
捉宋忠、俞瑱。

B.
俞瑱逃往怀来， 投靠宋忠；朱棣打算乘胜追击，于是分析了敌人的实际情况，确定
了制胜之策。

C< br>．为了稳定军心，鼓舞士气，宋忠用欺骗手段来蒙蔽下属，但被敌方间谍获知，最终
未达到目的。

eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
D
．
宋忠失败的原因在于轻率浮躁，
加上计策失当 ，
不少部下临阵哗变，
以致不堪一击，
兵败如山倒。

9.
断句和翻译。（
10
分）

（
1
）用
“/”
给下面的文段断句。（
4
分）

诸将已得宋忠颇有喜色上曰宋忠本庸才以利口取得谄谀奸恶货赂得官才掌兵

柄便尔骄纵此辈荧惑小人视之如狐鼠耳区区胜之何足喜也诸将咸顿首称善

（
2
）翻译下面的句子。（
6
分）

①今天以授予，不可失也

②上麾师渡河，鼓噪直冲其阵。


答案：

5
、
B
委放置，丢弃

A
语，说
C
识，明白，知晓，动词
D
恙，病，担忧。

6
、
B
利为彼有，为，二解。其一，介词，表被动。其二，判断动词，不译。

宜为报仇

为
+
动词，判介词，省小宾。译：给，替

A
代词且皆为居庸关

C
表被动，为
…
所结构

D
方位地点

7
、
D
排除法。
1
句，地势之要，
2
句 ，喻证地势之要，皆与形势分析无关。

8
、
C
敌方间谍，错。原文中，
“
获贼间谍
”
，其人为宋忠部下。

9
、

（
1
）

诸将已得宋忠
/
颇有喜色
/
上曰
/
宋忠本庸才
/
以利口取得
/
谄谀奸恶
/
货赂得官
/
才掌兵

柄
/
便尔骄纵
/
此辈荧惑小人
/
视之如狐鼠耳
/
区区胜 之
/
何足喜也
/
诸将咸顿首称善

（
2
）

①今天以授予，不可失也

翻译：而今上天把（居庸关）授予我们，不可以（再）丢失。

赋分：授予，古今异义
1
分，省略句
1
分，大意
1
分。

②上麾师渡河，鼓噪直冲其阵。

皇上指挥军队度过黄河，呐喊（着）直接冲击宋忠的军阵。

赋分：麾，
1
分，河，
1
分，大意
1
分。


（
10
年山东卷）

阅读下面的文言文，完成
9~12
题。

申甫传

汪琬

申甫，云南人，任侠有口辨。为童子时，尝系鼠媐
1
于途，有 道人过之，教甫为戏。
遂命拾道旁瓦石，四布于地，投鼠其中，鼠数奔突不能出。已而诱狸至，狸欲取鼠 ，亦讫不
能入，
狸鼠相拒者良久。
道人乃耳语甫曰：
“
此所谓八阵图 也，
童子亦欲学之乎？
”
甫时尚幼，
不解其语，即应曰：
“
不愿也
”
。道人遂去。

eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
明天启初，甫方为浮屠，往河南山东间，无所得。入嵩山，复遇故童子时所见 道人，
乞其术，师事之。道人濒行，授以一卷书，遽别去，不知所之。启视其书，皆古兵法，且言
车站甚具。甫遂留山中，习之逾年，不复为浮屠学矣。

已而瘗
2
其书嵩山 下，出游颍州，客州人刘翁廷传所。刘翁，故颍州大侠也，门下食
客数百人，皆好言兵，然无一人及甫者 。刘翁资遣甫之京师。甫数以其术干诸公卿，常不见
听信。愍帝即位，北兵自大安口入，遽薄京师，九门 皆昼闭。于是庶吉士刘公之纶、金公声
知事急，逐言甫于朝。愍帝召致便殿，劳以温旨，甫感泣，叩首殿 墀下，呼曰：
“
臣不才，
愿以死自效。
”
遂立授刘公为协理戎政兵部 右侍郎，金公以御史为参军，而甫为京营副总兵，
然实无兵予甫，
听其召募。
越三日，
募卒稍集，
率皆市中窭③人子不知操兵者，
而甫所授术，
又长于车，卒不能办 。方择日部署其众，未暇战也。当是时，权贵人俱不习兵，与刘公、金
公数相左，又忌甫以白衣超用，谋 先委之当敌，日夜下兵符，促甫使战，而会武经略桂败殁
与安定门外。
满桂者，
故大同 总兵官，
宿将知名者也，
以赴援至京师，
愍帝方倚重之。
既败，
京师 震恐。甫不得已，痛哭，夜引其众缒城出，未至卢沟桥，众窜亡略尽。甫亲搏战，中飞
矢数十，
遂见杀。
于是权贵人争咎甫，
而讥刘公、
金公不知人。
及北兵引归，
竟无理甫死者。
距甫死数日，刘公复八路出师。趋遵化，独率麾下娘娘山，遇伏发，督将士殊死战，诸路 援
兵不至，亦死之。

（选自《尧峰文钞》卷三十四，有删改）

[
注
]
①

媐（
xī
）
:
嬉戏。

②

瘗（
yì
）
:
埋葬

③

窭（
jǜ
）
:
贫穷。

9
．对下列句子中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是

A.
道人濒行

濒：临近

B.
客州人刘翁廷传所

客：寄居

C.
遽薄京师

薄：逼近

D.
又长于用车，卒不能办

卒：步兵

10
．下列各组句子中、加点词的意义和用法相同的一组是

A
．童子亦欲学之乎

不如须臾之所学也

B
．遂言甫于朝

当其欣于所遇

C
．金公以御史为参军

以勇气闻于诸侯

D
．听其召募

其皆出于此乎

11
．以下六句分别编为四组，全部属于甫失败原因的一组是

①甫为京营副总兵，然实无兵予甫

②率皆市中窭人子不知操兵者

③甫所授术，又长于用车，卒不能办

④权贵人俱不习兵

⑤日夜下兵符，促甫使战

⑥诸路援兵不至

A
．①②⑥

B
．①③⑤

C
．②④⑤

D
．③④⑥

12
．下列对原文有关内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是

A
．< br>申甫小时候曾路遇一位道人，
道人过狸鼠的游戏向申甫展示了八阵图的神奇，
兵打
算传授给他，但由于年幼无知申甫不愿意学习。

B
．申甫学佛不成改学道人所传兵 书，颍州大侠刘廷传的叔伯门客虽然喜欢谈论兵法，
却都赶不上申甫，申甫因此得到了刘廷传的赏识。< br>
C
．
申甫到京师后屡遭挫折，后得到刘之纶、金声等人的举荐，
被皇 帝召见后授予京营
副总兵的官职，申甫非常感动，表示誓死为国效力。

eople- oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
D
．
在满桂兵败、
朝廷遭遇危难之时，
申 甫亲自带兵上阵杀敌，
身重数十箭。
为国捐躯，
最后却没有达到朝廷公正的待遇，令人 叹碗。

13.
把文言文阅读材料中加横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（
10< br>分）

（
1
）入嵩山，复遇故童子时所见道人。乞其术，师事之。（< br>4
分）

（
2
）甫数以其术干诸公卿。常不见听信。（
3
分）
（
3
）于是权贵人争咎甫，而讥刘公、金公不知人。（
3
分）

答案：

9
、【参考答案】
D
【试题分析】卒，通
“
猝
”
，仓猝。

【高考考点】本题考查理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。

【易错提醒】考查重点实词
“
卒
”
的通假情况，一定在原文中理解。

【备考提示】要 分析形旁，推求字义。从字音相同推测通假字。通过语法特征推断出
词性。用互文见义对照解释前后词。 用成语比较推导词义。联系上下文，前后照应，保持一
致。要把对实词的解释带入到原句原文中，看看是 否合乎原文的语言环境。

10
、【参考答案】
B
【试题分析】< br>A
代词，代指
“
八阵图
”
；助词，用在主谓之间，取消句子的 独立性；
B
都
是介词，表对象，译为
“
向，对
”
；

C
介词，凭
……
的身份；介词，因为。
D
代词， 他，代
指申甫；语气副词，大概。

【高考考点】理解常见文言虚词在文中的意义和用法。

【易错提醒】
C
项意义在翻译上有略微不同，但属于同一义项。

【 备考提示】要把文言虚词翻译成现代汉语进行比较，看是否能翻译成同一个词。联
系文句的整体意义和上 下文的意义，
注意辨明上下文的关系。
借助语句的结构，
看两句中该
虚词词性 和所作的成分是否相同。备考需要夯实课本中的基本篇目中重点实虚词的含义。

11
、【参考答案】
B
【试题分析】②④是说权贵人。⑥是申甫死后。

【高考考点】筛选文中的信息。

【易错提醒】④是侧面表现，如果不看清题干，容易误选。

【备考提示】要看清题目 要求，一字一词地琢磨。选出一两句不相符的，排除部分选
项。
要注意从离中心最远的开始排除 。
必须注意每一个句子和题干规定的中心要形成因果或
解证关系。照应上下文，一般作者评论性 的话不能作为选项
,
别人赞誉的话可考虑。要注意
题干的要求，注意主人公、关键词、
“
正面
”
、
“
侧面
”
等词语。

12
、【参考答案】
C
【试题分析】应该是被皇帝召见后，申甫非常感动， 表示誓死为国效力，皇帝立刻授
予申甫京营副总兵的官职。

【高考考点】归纳内容要点，概括中心意思。

【易错提醒】认真将题肢与原文对照，注意时间的前后顺序。

【备考提示】要找出文 段中与选项解释相对应的语句，一一对应。中心、主旨重点分
析议论的语句。
总体把握文意。< br>叙述或分析的错误只在某一小点，
主要是顺序的颠倒、
无中
生有等。注意人物的 事迹是否张冠李戴，
事件的时间是否准确，人物性格陈述是否恰当。一
定要在原文中找到和选项 相关的句子，仔细地进行对照，找出其中的差异。

有个别选项是
对原文中的某一句中的一个词翻译得不对。

13
、【 参考答案】（
1
）申甫进入（隐居）嵩山，又遇到了过去小孩子时见到的道人，
（向他 ）请求（学习）那本领，用对待师长的礼节侍奉他。（
2
）申甫屡次凭借他的本领干
e ople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
谒各位公卿，一直不被听从信任。（
3
）在这时掌权的权贵 争着责怪申甫，并且批评刘公、
金公不能识别人（的优劣）。

【试题分析】
（
1
）注意

“
复
”
，
“
故
”
，
“
乞
”
名词用作动词，“
师
”
名词作状语。注意全句的
文意。（
2
）注意“
数
”“
以
”
，
“
见
”
表被 动。（
3
）注意
“
于是
”
古今异义，
“
咎
”“
讥
”
。

【高考考点】理解并翻译文中的句子。

【易错提醒】
“
故
”
原来的，过去的。
“
见
”
表被动。
“
于是
”
在这时。

【备考提示】文言文翻译要粗知全文大意，把握文意的倾向性。详知译 句上下文的含
义。审视句子特点，逐字对应翻译，做好换、留、删、补、调。抓住句子中关键字词翻译，
要与上下文对应，这些字词是得分点。由现代词、
成语推导词语在文中的含义。注意词类活用、倒装、通假、偏义复词。复杂句子要作句子成分分析，抓住主干，注意句间关系。意译
词语根据 上下文推导，不拘泥于原文结构，由实到虚。组合成句子，前后通顺。



（
10
年江苏卷）

阅读下面的文言文，完成
5
～
8
题

南阳县君谢氏墓志铭

欧阳修

庆历四年秋，予友宛陵梅圣俞来自吴 兴，出其哭内之诗而悲曰：
“
吾妻谢氏亡矣。
”
丐我
以铭而葬焉。予 未暇作。

居一岁中，书七八至，未尝不以谢氏铭为言，且曰：
“
吾妻故太子 宾客讳涛之女、希深
之妹也。希深父子为时闻人，而世显荣。谢氏生于盛族，年二十以归吾，凡十七年而 卒。卒
之夕，敛以嫁时之衣，甚矣吾贫可知也。然谢氏怡然处之。治其家，有常法，其饮食器皿，
虽不及丰侈，而必精以旨；其衣无故新，而浣濯缝纫必洁以完；所至官舍虽卑陋，而庭宇洒
扫必肃以严 ；其平居语言容止，必怡以和。吾穷于世久矣，其出而幸与贤士大夫游而乐，入
则见吾妻之怡怡而忘其忧 。使吾不以富贵贫贱累其心者，抑吾妻之助也。吾尝与士大夫语，
谢氏多从户屏窃听之，间则尽能商榷其 人才能贤否，及时事之得失，皆有条理。吾官吴兴，
或自外醉而归，必问曰：
‘
今日孰 与饮而乐乎？
’
闻其贤者也则悦；否，则叹曰：
‘
君所交皆一
时贤隽 ，今与是人饮而欢耶？
’
是岁南方旱，仰见飞蝗而叹曰：
‘
今西兵未解，天下 重困，盗
贼暴起于江淮，而天旱且蝗如此。我为妇人，死而得君葬我，幸矣！
’
其所以 能安居贫而不
困者，其性识明而知道理多类此。呜呼！其生也迫吾之贫，而殁也又无以厚焉，谓惟文字可
以著其不朽。且其平生尤知文章为可贵；殁而得此，庶几以慰其魂，且塞予悲。此吾所以请
铭于 子之勤也。
”
若此，予忍不铭？

（选自《欧阳修全集》，有删节）

5.
对下列句子中加点字的解释，不正确的一项是（
3
分）

A.
年二十以归吾

归：出嫁

B.
其平居语言容止

容止：形貌

C.
谓唯文字可以著其不朽

著：彰显

D.
庶几以慰其魂


庶几：希望

6.
下列句子中，全部表现梅圣俞夫妇情深的一组是（
3
分）

①出其哭内之诗而悲

②其衣无故新，而浣濯缝纫必洁以完

③入则见吾妻之怡怡而忘其忧

④闻其贤者也则悦

⑤我为妇人，死而得君葬我，幸矣

⑥且其平生尤知文章为可贵

A.
①②④

B.
①③⑤

C.
②③⑥

D.
④⑤⑥

eople- oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
7.
下列对原文有关内容分析和概括，不正确的一项是（
3
）

A.
梅圣俞在妻子去世以后，请求好友欧阳修为她写墓志铭，后来在给欧 阳修的多封信
中，又一再提及此事。

B.
谢氏出身名门望族，但安贫乐道， 治家有方，并且十分关心丈夫与士大夫的交往，
是名副其实的贤内助。

C.
西兵进攻江淮地区，随后又相继发生旱灾、蝗灾，谢氏仰天长叹，忧心忡忡，可见
她关注百姓疾苦。
D.
谢氏秉性明慧，懂得事理，时不时和梅圣俞探讨来访者才能高下，以及世事得失，< br>都能讲得头头是道。

8.
把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（
10
分）

（
1
）敛以嫁时之衣，甚矣吾贫可知也。

（
2
）使吾不以富贵贫贱累其心者，抑吾妻之助也。

（
3
）君所交皆一时贤隽，今与是人饮而欢耶？

答案：

5
、
B
【解析】
B
．容止：仪容举止（根据《汉语大词典 》解释）。
“
止
”
即有
“
居住、止息
”
意 ，
所以此词不单指
“
形貌
”
。

6
、
B
【解析】②表现其妻之贤惠，④表现其妻子之贤、明事理，⑥表现其 妻把文章看的很
重。

7
、
C
【解析】
“
西兵未解
”
、
“
盗贼暴起于江淮
”
指西部边境战争威胁未 能解除、江淮地区盗贼
作乱，并非指
“
西兵进攻江淮地区
”
。

8
、（
1
）用出嫁时的衣服（给她）穿上人棺，我的喷穷超乎寻常，就可 以知道了。

（
2
）让我不因为财富多少、地位高低而焦虑，这是妻子对我的帮助吧。
< br>（
3
）您所交往的都是当今品德高尚、才能杰出的人，现在竟与这种人喝酒取乐了？
【解析】
(1)
要点：殓、介宾结构后置、主谓倒装句式、甚

(2)
要点：使、累其心、抑（副词。表示语气。相当于或许、或者。）、判断句。

(3)
要点：所交、一时、邪（句末语气词，表疑问或反问）

附参考译文：

庆历四年的秋天，我的朋友宛陵梅圣俞先生从吴兴来看我，拿出他悼念 亡妻的诗作，
并悲伤地说：
“
我的妻子谢氏死了。
”
请我写一篇墓志 铭来安葬她。我当时没有空闲写作。

过了一年，他写了七八封书信来，书信中没有不提到给谢 氏写墓志铭的。并且说：
“
我
妻子是已故太子宾客谢涛的女儿、
希深的妹妹。
希深父子当时都是举世闻名的人，
世家荣耀。
谢氏生于一个富盛的家族，她二十岁嫁给 了我，总共过了十七年就去世了。
死的时候，
用出
嫁时的衣服
(
给她
)
穿上入棺，我的贫穷超乎寻常，就可以知道了。可是谢氏却安适自在（不
嫌弃）。治 理家庭，有她自己的办法，家里的饮食器皿，虽然不是很多，但（饭菜）一定做
得精细又有味；
我们的衣服不论旧的新的，都一定清洗得干干净净，并缝补得整整齐齐；所
居住的房舍虽然简陋卑微，但 一定把庭院洒水清扫得干净整洁；她的一言一行和日常起居，
都很和悦从容。
我一世贫穷由来已 久，
外出时有幸能与贤士大夫共游而感到快乐，
回家则能
见到我妻子的淡静怡然从而忘 掉烦忧。
让我不因为财富多少、
地位高低而焦虑，
这是妻子对
我的帮助吧。我 经常与士大夫交谈，
谢氏多从屏风后悄悄听我们谈话，
过后，她对某人的才
能、品德好 坏以及时事的得失都能作出评价，
都评说得有条有理。
我在吴兴做官，
有时从外
面喝醉了回来，
她一定会问：
‘
今日和谁饮酒这么快乐呢？
’
听说 是与贤能的人饮酒，
就高兴；
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
如果不是，就感叹道：
‘
您所交往的都是当今品德高尚、才 能杰出的人，现在竟与这种人喝
酒取乐了？
’
这一年，南方大旱，她仰头看见飞蝗而感 叹说：
‘
如今西夏的战争威胁还没有解
除，天下苍生赋税很重、生活困难，盗贼又在江 淮地区强势出来作乱，而且天又大旱、飞蝗
灾害又来。我作为妇人，死了还得能有夫君埋葬我，已经算是 幸运的了！
’
她之所以能安然
面对贫困的生活而不感到困苦，
是因为她见识高 明而且懂得道理多才能如此。
（此处翻译值
得商榷，应该是两个方面，一是安居贫而不困，一是 性识明而知道理，对上文的总结。可翻
译为：
她能安然面对贫困的生活而不感到困苦的情形，< br>她见识高明而且懂得道理，
大多像这
样。
“
之所以
”
可不必译出。）哎
!
她一生受我贫困所累，而去世后也没有得到厚葬，只有文字
可以彰 显她的不朽。
而且她的平生尤其懂得文章是最珍贵的；
死后能得到这样的墓志铭，
希< br>望能以此安慰她的灵魂，
而且弥补我的悲痛。
这是我经常向您请求为她写墓志铭的原因啊 。
”
像这种情况，我能忍心不写吗
?

（
10
年湖北卷）

阅读下面的文言文，完成
10-12
题。

原

弊

[
宋
]
欧阳修

农者，天下之本也 ，而王政所由起也。古之为国者未尝敢忽，而今之为吏者不然，薄
书听断而已矣，
闻有道农之事 ，
则相与笑之曰：
鄙。
夫知赋敛移用之为急，
不知务农为先者，
是未 原为政之本末也。知务农而不知节用以爱农，是未尽务农之方也。

古之为政者，上下相移用以 济。下之用力者甚勤，上之用物者有节，民无遗力，国不
过费，上爱其下，下给其上，使不相困。一夫之 力，督之必尽其所任；一日之用，节之必量
其所入。一岁之耕，供公与民食，皆出其间而常有余。故三年 而余一年之备。今乃不然，耕
者，不复督其力；用者，不复计其出入。一岁之耕供公仅足，而民食不过数 月。甚者，场功
甫毕，簸糠麸而食秕稗，或采橡实、畜菜根以延冬春。不幸一水旱，则相枕为饿殍。此甚 可
叹也！

国家罢兵，三十三岁矣，兵尝经用者老死今尽，而后来者未尝闻金鼓、识战 阵也。生
于无事而饱于衣食也，其势不得不骄惰。今卫兵入宿，不自持被而使人持之；禁兵给粮，不自荷而雇人荷之。其骄如此，况肯冒辛苦以战斗乎？就使兵耐辛苦而能斗战，虽耗农民，为
之可也。 奈何有为兵之虚名，而其实骄惰无用之人也。

古之凡民长大壮健者皆在南亩，农隙则教之以战 ，今乃大异，一遇凶岁，则州郡吏以
尺度量民之长大而试其壮健者，招之去为禁兵；其次不及尺度而稍怯 弱者，籍之以为厢兵。
吏招人多者有赏，
而民方穷时争投之。
故一经凶荒，
则 所留在南亩者，
惟老弱也。
而吏方曰：
不收为兵，则恐为盗。噫！苟知一时之不为盗， 而不知终身骄惰而窃食也。古之长大壮健者
任耕，而老弱者游惰；今之长大壮健者游惰，而老弱者留耕也 。何相反之甚邪！然民尽力乎
南亩者，或不免乎狗彘之食，而一去为僧、兵，则终身安佚而享丰腴，则南 亩之民不得不日
减也。故曰有诱民之弊者，谓此也。

（选自《欧阳文忠公集》，有删改）

10
．对下列语句中加点词的解释，不正确的一项是

A
．则相与笑之曰：鄙

鄙：卑鄙

B
．场功甫毕

甫：刚刚

C
．或采橡实、畜菜根以延冬春

畜：通
“
蓄
”

D
．籍之以为厢兵


籍：登记

【参考答案】
A
【试题分析】鄙，见识浅薄。

eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
【高考考点】本题考查理解常见文言实词在文中的含义。

【易错提醒】考查重点实词
“
鄙
”
，一定在原文中理解。

【备考提示】要分析形旁，推求字义。从字音相同推测通假字。通过语法特征推断出
词性。用互 文见义对照解释前后词。用成语比较推导词义。联系上下文，前后照应，保持一
致。一定要把对实词的解 释带入到原句原文中，看看是否合乎原文的语言环境。

11
．下列各组语句中，全都表明不重视农业所造成的恶果的一组是

①一岁之耕供公仅足，而民食不过数月

②不幸一水旱，则相枕为饿殍

③生于无事而饱于衣食也，其势不得不骄惰

④一遇凶岁，则州郡吏以尺度量民之长大而试其壮健者

⑤则南亩之民不得不日减也

⑥故曰有诱民之弊者，谓此也

A
．①②⑤

B
．①③⑥

C
．②④⑥

D
．③④⑤

【参考答案】
A
【试题分析】③是说后来的士兵；④是说饥荒时选厢兵的标准，⑥是作者的结论。

【高考考点】筛选文中的信息。

【易错提醒】④是说饥荒时选厢兵的标准。

【备考提示】要看清题目要求，一字一词地琢磨。选出一两句不相符的，排除部分选
项。
要注意从离中心最远的开始排除。
必须注意每一个句子和题干规定的中心要形成因果或
解证关 系。照应上下文，一般作者评论性的话不能作为选项
,
别人赞誉的话可考虑。要注意
题 干的要求，注意主人公、关键词、
“
正面
”
、
“
侧面
”
等词语。

12
．下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括，不正确的一项是

A
．作者认为农业是天下之本，当政者只知使用民力而不知爱惜民力是不可取的。

B
．作者通过古今施政的对比，揭示了宋朝农民在利益被严重侵害下的悲惨遭遇。

C
．作者认为，休战以来的士卒已经老迈，因此背军粮的任务只好雇请他人来做。

D
．作者指出，高大健壮的不种田，年老体弱的却在田地劳作，有时吃的是猪狗食。

【参考答案】
C
【试题分析】文中说：
“
国家罢兵，三十三岁矣， 兵尝经用者老死今尽，而后来者
……
其势不得不骄惰
……
禁兵给粮，不自荷而 雇人荷之。
”
作者认为，休战以来的士卒已经老迈
逝世已经都没有了，
后来的 人未曾经历战争，
士兵骄惰，
禁军背军粮的任务自己不做，
雇请
他人来做。< br>
【高考考点】归纳内容要点，概括中心意思。

【易错提醒】认真将题肢与原文对照，注意时间的前后顺序。

【备考提示】要找出文 段中与选项解释相对应的语句，一一对应。中心、主旨重点分
析议论的语句。
总体把握文意。< br>叙述或分析的错误只在某一小点，
主要是顺序的颠倒、
无中
生有等。注意人物的 事迹是否张冠李戴，
事件的时间是否准确，人物性格陈述是否恰当。一
定要在原文中找到和选项 相关的句子，仔细地进行对照，找出其中的差异。

有个别选项是
对原文中的某一句中的一个词翻译得不对。

13
．把文言文阅读材料中画线的语句翻译成现代汉语。（
10
分）

（
1
）而今之为吏者不然，簿书听断而已矣。（
3
分）

（
2
）耕者，不复督其力；用者，不复计其出入。（
3
分）

（
3
）苟知一时之不为盗，而不知终身骄惰而窃食也。（
3
分）
【参考答案】（
1
）但是如今当官的不是这样，只是处理公文、办理政务罢了。

（
2
）耕种的人不再督责尽力耕种，消费者不再更具收入确定支出。

eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
（
3
）只知道他们一时不去做盗贼，却不知道他们一生都在 骄横懒惰窃取衣食。

【试题分析】
（
1
）为吏、然、簿书听断；< br>（
2
）督、用者、计其出入；
（
3
）苟知、而、
窃食

【高考考点】理解并翻译文中的句子。

【易错提醒】簿书听断，词类活用。

【备考提示】文言文翻译要粗知全文大意，把握 文意的倾向性。详知译句上下文的含
义。审视句子特点，逐字对应翻译，做好换、留、删、补、调。抓住 句子中关键字词翻译，
要与上下文对应，这些字词是得分点。由现代词、
成语推导词语在文中的 含义。注意词类活
用、倒装、通假、偏义复词。复杂句子要作句子成分分析，抓住主干，注意句间关系。 意译
词语根据上下文推导，不拘泥于原文结构，由实到虚。组合成句子，前后通顺。

【参考译文】

农业是天下的根本，也是国家制订统治措施的起源。古代治理国家的人 不曾敢轻视疏
忽，但是如今当官的不是这样，只是处理公文、办理政务罢了。听见有人说起农业之事，就
相互笑他说：
（这是）
低贱的事情。他们知道通过赋税将农业物资移用到自己身上是紧 急的
事情，
不懂得致力于农业是首先要考虑的，
这是没有弄清统治措施的根本啊。懂得致力于农
业而不懂得节约用度来爱护农民，这是没有尽到致力于农业的办法啊。
古代治理国家的人，统治者和百姓相互移用来互相补充。处于下位的百姓尽力很勤勉，
处于上位的统 治者使用物资有节制，
百姓不保留自己的气力，
国家不过分浪费，
统治者爱护
他们的百姓，百姓提供物资给统治者，使得上下都不相困扰。一位男子的力气（官府）督促
他一定要尽力 完成自己的职责，
一天的用度（官府）
约束他一定要衡量自己的收入，
一年种
出的庄稼供给官府和百姓，
食物都从这里面出来，
因而常常有富余的，
所以三年便能余 下一
年的储备。现在却不是这样，耕种的人不再督责尽力耕种，消费者不再更具收入确定支出。
农民一年耕种打下的粮食供给官府才刚刚够，而农民自己的食物却不超过几个月。严重的，
收获的事情刚 刚结束，
农民只能将簸出来的糠麸或秕稗作为食物，
或者采摘橡树的种子、
存
储菜根来勉强度过冬春的饥荒时节。如果遭受不幸遇到水灾旱灾，就会纷纷倒下成为饿殍。
这样的情况很 是可悲可叹啊！

国家停止用兵已经
33
年了，
士兵中那些身经百战 的人有的老的老死的死现在几乎都没
有了，
而后来当兵的人不曾听见过战鼓。
懂得战阵 。生活在没有战事的时代而衣食不缺，那
情势不能不骄傲懒惰。
现在士兵进入兵营，
不 自己抱着自己东西而让别人抱着；
禁兵领取粮
食，
不自己挑着而雇人挑着。
他 们的骄纵懒惰就是这样，
又怎么愿意冒着辛苦而参加战斗呢？
如果能让士兵能承受辛苦而能够战 斗，
即使损耗农民的利益，
这样做也是可以的。
但奈何他
们只有当兵的虚名， 而实际上是一群骄纵懒惰的无用之人啊。

古代大凡身材高大身体健壮的人都在田间劳作，农闲的时候就将作战的技能教给他们，
现在却完全不同，
一旦遇到灾年，
那么各州 郡的冠岩就用尺子度量百姓中身材高大身体健壮
的人，
招他们去做禁兵，
稍差一点低于 尺度且稍微有些瘦弱的，登记在册作为厢兵。官员招
人多的有赏赐，
而百姓正处于穷困之时争相 投军。
所以，
一遇上凶年荒灾，
那么留在田地的，
只有老弱之人了。而官方这 时也说：如果不将他们收留当兵，那么恐怕就会做强盗。唉！只
是知道他们某段时间不做强盗，
却不知道他们一生骄纵兰度而窃取食物啊。
古代那些身材高
大身体健壮的人承担种田的工作，< br>而年老体弱的游玩；
现在身材高大身体健壮的人游玩，
而
老弱之人却留守在田地 间。为什么相反到了这么严重的程度呢？然而百姓在田间尽力耕作
的，
有时不免于吃猪狗之食，
而一旦离开田地做僧人或士兵，
就终身安乐舒适而享有丰美的
食物，
那么种田 的农民不能不一天天减少啊。
所以说有引诱农民离开田地的弊端，
说得就是
这种情况。


eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of
pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it
would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
（
10
年天津卷）

阅读下面古文，完成
8~11
题。

南人祖传，秦汉前有洞主吴氏， 土人呼为吴洞，取两妻，一妻卒，有女名叶限，少惠，
善淘金、父爱之，末岁父卒，为后母所苦，常令樵 险汲深。

时尝得一鳞，二寸余，赪①髻金目，遂潜养于盆水，日日长，易数器，大不能受，乃
投于后池中，女所得余食，辄沉以食之。女至池，鱼必露首枕岸，他人至，不复出，其母知
之， 每伺之，鱼未常见也。因诈女曰：
“
尔无劳乎，唔为尔新其糯。
”
乃易其弊衣 。后令汲于
他泉，
千里数百也。
母徐衣其女衣，
抽利刃行向池乎渔，
鱼即出首，
因斫杀之。
鱼已长丈余，
膳其肉，味倍常鱼，藏其骨于郁栖
2之下。

逾日，女至向池，不复见鱼矣，乃哭于野，忽有人被发粗衣。自天而降，慰女曰：
“
尔
无哭，尔母杀尔鱼矣！骨在粪下，尔归，可取鱼骨藏于室，所须第祈之，当随尔也 。
”
女用
其言，金玑衣食随欲而具。

及洞节，母往，令女守庭果， 女伺母行远，亦往，衣翠纺上衣，蹑金履，母所生女认
之，谓母曰：
“
此其似姊也。< br>”
母亦疑之，女觉遽反，遂遗一只履，为洞人所得。母归，但见
女抱庭树眠，亦不之虑。

其洞邻海岛，岛中有国名陀汗，兵强，王数十岛，水界千里。洞人遂货其履于陀汗国，
国主得之，命其左右履之，足小者履减一寸，乃令一国妇人履之，竟无一称者。其轻如毛，
履石无声。
陀汗王意其洞人以非道得之，
遂禁锢而栲掠之，竟不知所从来。
乃以是履弃之于
道旁，既遍历人家捕之，若有女履者，捕之以告。得叶限，令履之而信。叶限因衣翠纺衣，
蹑履而进， 色若天人也。始具事于王，载鱼骨与叶限俱还国。其母及女即为飞石击死。洞人
哀之，埋于石坑，命曰< br>“
懊女冢
”
。

陀汗王至国，以叶限为上妇。一年，王贪求， 祈于鱼骨，宝石无限，逾年，不复应。
王乃葬鱼骨于海岸。用珠百斛藏之，以金为际。至征卒叛时，将发 以赡军。一夕，为海潮所
沦。

——
选自唐段成式《酉阳杂俎》续集卷一《支诺皋上》。略有删节

8
．对下列句子中加点的词语的解释，不正确的是

A.
乃易其敝衣

敝：破旧

B
．女角遽反

遽：急忙

C
．始具事于王，载鱼骨与叶限俱还国

具事：陈述事实

D
．至社卒叛时，将发以嶦军

发：发放

9.
下列句子中加点的词的意义和用法，相同的一组是

因诈女曰：
“
尔无劳乎，吾为尔新其儒
”

A
．

因泣下霑矜

，与武诀去

忽有人被发粗衣

，自天而降

B
．

臣诚恐见欺于王而负赵


乃以是履弃之于道旁

C
．

斧斤以时入山林


一夕，为海潮所沦

D.
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand. Society is
ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat peo
ple if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
s to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to th
e dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulation, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is t
o for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liab
ility.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality
well, with the effectiveness of servi
ces to
defend t
he interest
s of the masses. T
hird, we
shoul
d strive to do well.
To a
chieve g
ood practi
cal results, the key i
s to know the la
w, to grasp the law
s and using laws. Office of e
conomic
development,
social progre
ss, there are rule
s to follow.
Only a
ct
according to the la
w, to
overcome
blindne
ss and stre
ngthening initiative
, creative. Working i
n the
Office, we should
be good at analy
zing the essence of thing
s, to find regular thing,
cha
nge from passiv
e to active, t
o seek
one. Investee
2. establishme
nt of evaluati
on system. Eval
uation
system is essentiall
y an incentive mechani
sm, the eval
uation was obje
ctive and fair, reasona
ble, a
nd can stimulate a
person's
energ
y, mobilizing
people's
enthusia
sm or be misl
eadi
ng, dam
pene
d the e
nthusiasm of
people. At present, the concept of pe
opl
e-oriente
d pe
ople
, but t
o establi
sh a
nd perfect evaluati
on system is still lagging behi
nd. Work in t
his area should
be seri
ously ca
ught up.
pha
sis on
of. Is a focus on sta
ndards and scientifi
c. A fundamental
poi
nt of the
evaluati
on
criteria, is t
o keep
contact,
development,
compre
he
nsive eye eval
uation of ca
dres.
Office w
ork, both
ntial performa
nce
bot
h subje
ctive efforts, take another l
ook
at the
obje
ctive condition; both

enough, take a
nother look at the
cond, focus on partici
pating t
he brea
dth
of the subject. Eval
uation of ca
dres must give f
ull play to
democracy, ca
dres a
nd t
he masse
s ha
ndi
ng over
evaluation.
Office work
service
s leadershi
p and se
rvice
base,
serve the pe
opl
e, the
n
nominate
d the mai
n obje
ct will contai
n a variety of services, so that assessme
nt was a
ccurate and to avoi
d one
-sidedness.
Third, pay attenti
on to t
he seriousne
ss
of the conclusion. The use of evaluati
on fi
ndi
ngs is mai
nly embodie
d in
his
directi
on.
Permitted to
choose one, it w
oul
d be ta
ntamount to establi
shi
ng a banner. Evaluation
can't take
care of the bala
nce, ot
herwise it would
undermine t
he offset the
positive
significa
nce
of evaluation.
Office of the party committees at all level
s should take the finding
s as on the
cadre
s ' bonus-pena
lty, a
n importa
nt basi
s for future moveme
nts, incentive a
nd re
straint effect of making evaluati
ons. 3.
Prevention of under
standi
ng
d devel
opment
, concrete i
s diale
ctical
,. In
practi
ce in t
he pr
oce
ss, to
prevent one
-si
ded a
nd still l
ook
, from actual
people.
One i
s to use di
alecti
cal point of view t
o understa
nd. Humani
st is the
core
of the scientific
Outl
ook on development, remains the
development of the sci
entific
Outlook on dev
elopme
nt empha
sizes, i
s still taki
ng economic constr
ucti
on as t
he Ce
nter. A
ny de
parture from the
development
of thoug
ht and acti
on, i
s a misinter
pretation a
nd misunderstanding
of pe
ople
-orie
nted. A
dhere to people-oriente
d both to
overcome
one
-si
dedness of the
old,
but also to
prevent one
-sidedness,
not a
ccel
erating the
development
of people a
nd the opposition. M
ust be very
clear,
pe
ople
oriente
d and
spee
ding up deve
lopme
nt is not opposed,
but
consistent,
we shoul
d never
be
朝歌夜弦，为秦宫人


10
．下列各 组句子中，能分别表现
“
叶限所得鱼乃神奇之物
”
和
“
后母 虐待叶限
”
的最恰当
的一组是

女至池，鱼毕露首枕岸，他人至，不复出

A.
母所生女认之，谓母曰：
“
此甚似姊也。
”
母亦疑之


曾其肉，味倍常鱼

B.
常令樵险汲深


其轻如毛，履石无声

C
．

及洞节，母往，女守庭果



女用其言，金及衣食随欲而具

D
．

后令汲于他泉，计里数百也

11.
下列对原文的理解和分析，不正确的一项是

A.
叶限的好运表面看来是鱼给的，实际上是她的善良带来的

B.
叶限暗中去参加洞节，是对后母的无声的反抗，也侧面反映出洞节的吸引力。

C.
叶限的后母，妹妹被飞石击死，洞人为她们建懊女冢，以示追悔。

D.
这个故事借助神力的不可抗拒，警示人们要远离邪恶，不要贪得无厌。

12.
把文言文阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（
8
分）

（
1
）母徐衣其女衣，袖利刃有向池呼鱼。

（
2
）母归，但见女抱挺树眠，亦不之虑。

（
3
）陀汗于意其洞人以非道得之，遂禁锢拷掠之，竞不知所从来。

答案：

8
D
9
A
10
D
11
C
12
．（
8
分）

（
1
）后母慢慢穿上它 女儿的衣服，袖子里藏着锋利的刀子走到池塘边呼唤鱼。

（
2
）后母回来，只见女儿抱着院子里的树睡觉，也就不再怀疑她了。
（
3
）陀汗王猜测那个洞人是通过不正当的途径得到鞋的，于是拘禁并拷打他，最终也不知鞋是从哪里来的。


（
10
年重庆卷）

阅读下文，完成第
8~10
题。

查道字湛然，歙州休宁人。道幼沉 嶷不群，罕言笑，喜亲笔砚。未冠，以词业称。侍
母渡江，奉养以孝闻。母尝病，思鳜羹，方冬苦寒，市 之不获。道泣祷于河，凿冰取之，得
鳜尺许以馈，母疾寻愈。

端拱初，举进士高第。 寇准荐其才，授著作佐郎。淳化中，蜀寇叛，命道通判遂州。
有使两川者，得道公正清洁之状以闻，优诏 嘉奖。迁秘书丞，俄徙知果州。时寇党尚有伏岩
eople-oriente
d in the name of reduci
ng our enthusia
sm. Premier We
n Jiaba
o's Governme
nt work report this yea
r, ide
ntified as 7% gr
owth, 2.1% low
er than la
st year's 9.1%
, but i
n 8 work remai
ns to a
ccelerate
development i
n the first pla
ce ... Work standards. Second is to use the
scale
of development to understand.
Society is ev
olving,
human
nee
ds are also changi
ng. Pra
ctice
of humani
sm is a long-term pr
ocess and ca
nnot be achieve
d overnig
ht. To treat people if you
stand
still and rigid dogma, it is possible t
o return to t
his, see thing
s but not
people's
old ways. T
herefore, w
e have to foll
ow the development of the times, a
nd
continue de
buggi
ng the humani
st perspective
, innovative pe
ople
-oriented wa
y. Under the new
histori
cal conditions, we are re
que
sted by the times, set up a bra
nd new concept, a
high starting
poi
nt, hig
h standard of armed
people, shapi
ng, exerci
se, people, consta
ntly taking the new connotation of the times.
erms of Office, i
to lead t
he vast num
bers of ca
dres to a
ctively
adapt to t
he knowledge faster a
nd a
ctively ada
pt to the i
ncrea
singly
high level
of leader
shi
p situati
on, a
ctively ada
pt to the dema
nd of the masses m
ore and more sit
uations, eager t
o learn,
enhance accum
ulatio
n, efforts, hone
d the a
bility to
overcome a g
ood servi
ce, pani
c. Thir
d is to
use reali
stic understanding. A
dher
e to pe
opl
e-oriente
d must be base
d on reality, not
divorced from reality.
Desk
no water
cups here i
n Hong Kong, staff need to
drink
some water to t
he dri
nking fountai
n on a floor, the gla
ss used i
s a one-time
non-cone type. Drink t
his cup
can
only
hol
d, ca
nnot be
put dow
n.
This is
not
only to
save on glass materials, more important is to for
ce you to get dri
nking wate
r, go
back to y
our seat busine
ss.
Our empha
sis on people-oriente
d, does
not imply y
ou ca
n indulg
e the desires, t
he comfortable, t
he pursuit
of enjoyment. Office
of the party
committees at all level
s of our
comrade
s, must
conti
nue t
o maintain t
he style
of plain livi
ng and har
d struggl
e, to sta
nd up to t
he tests of
temptations, ex
citing
he spirit of selfle
ss de
dicati
on a
nd
provi
de servi
ces. Investe
e 4.
clearly defi
ned responsi
bilitie
s. Putting people first is a common vi
sion of dev
elopment, every
one i
s a liability.
People
-orie
nted, a
bove a
nd
below with t
he responsi
bility for coordi
nating system must be e
stablished and hold every
one a
ccountable. First, we m
ust strengt
hen t
he lea
dershi
p.
ce, its g
overna
nce, its level,
bear the responsibility of the Division.
s is the minimum re
quireme
nt for leader
s, is a measure of the ba
sic
criteria for whether a lea
ding cadre is
com
petent.
Leaders ne
ed to
n official term for the be
nefit of
ously
assume responsibility for implementi
ng pe
opl
e-oriente
d. Dire
ctor of the Office
of the party
committees at all level
s is the responsibility of the
units t
o impleme
nt
pe
ople
-ori
ented, to manage t
heir
people,
ug in
own re
sponsibility
nha
nce t
he e
ducation
of leadi
ng ca
dres,
cadres a
nd
cadre
s work
efforts to revitalize the Office of human resour
ces,
Office work is full
of vigor and vitality