湖南省2020年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案

2021年1月21日发(作者：明末疯狂)
湖南省
2020
年第二次高考模拟考试英语试题及答案

（试卷满分
150
分，考试时间
120
分钟）

考生注意事项：

1.
答卷前，着生务必将自已的姓名、准考证号填写在答題卡上。

2.回蓉选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用
2B
铅笔把答題卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需 改
动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分

听力
(
共两节，满分
30
分
)
（略）

第二部分

阅读理解
(
共两节，满分
40
分
)
第一节

(
共
15
小题
;
每小题
2
分，满分
30
分
)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的
A、
BC
和
D
四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Why don’t quiet carriages work, and how might they be make to? Quiet carriages on trains are a nice
idea: travelers voluntarily make their phones silent, turn stereos off and keep chatter to a minimum.
However, in reality, there is usually at least one silly
babbler
(
喋喋不休的人
) to break the silence.
A couple of problems prevent peaceful trips. First, there is a sorting problem: some passengers end up
in the quiet carriage by accident and are not aware of the rules. Second, there is a commitment problem:
noise is sometimes made by travelers who choose the quiet carriage but find an important call hard to
ignore.
The train operators are trying to find answers. Trains in Queensland Australia, are having permanent
signs added to show exactly what is expected; a British operator has invested in some technology to prevent
phone calls.
Microeconomics suggests another approach. Fining people for making a noise would surely
dissuade
(
劝阻
) the polluter and is a neat solution in theory, but it requires costly monitoring and
enforcement. Another way would be to use prices to separate quiet and noisy passengers
－
in effect,
creating a market for silence. A simple idea would be to sell access to the quiet carriage as an optional extra
when the ticket is bought. Making the quiet coach both an active choice and a costly one would dissuade
many of those who don’t value a peaceful ride.

Charging may also solve the commitment problem. This is particularly tricky, as attitudes to noise can

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change during the journey. Some passengers would pay the quiet premium but still chatter away when some
vital news arrives. Schemes that reward the silent
－
a rating system among fellow passengers, for example
－
could help. The idea is that losing your hard-won reputation offsets the short-term gain from using the
phone. But such a system also fails the simplicity test.
A 2010 book by George Akerlof and Rachel
Kranton argues that “norms”
－
feelings about how
everyone should behave
－
also play a role in decision-making. Charging a price, even if just a token
amount, means the quiet carriage becomes a service that fellow passengers have bought, not just a
preference they have expressed. Perhaps different norms would come into play, encouraging calm. If not, a
personal bubble is always an option: noise-canceling headphones start at around $$50.
1. According to the passage, what does microeconomics suggest?
A. Finding the source of noise.
B. Putting a price on noise.
C. Avoid using a phone in the carriage.
D. Investing more money in monitoring and enforcement.
2
. By “a personal bubble is always an option,” the author means ________.

A. one can make his own choice
C. one can create his own personal space
3. This passage is mainly about ________.
A. people’s favoured transportation

B. effective methods of monitoring noise levels
C. possible solutions to noise in train carriages
D. common forms of misbehavior of passengers
B
The great- grandmother is learning English with the help of her family when she is at the age of 91.
She hopes to use the language at next year’s Olympic Games in Tokyo. Takamiz
awa was one of the more
than
200,
00
people
who
requested
to
volunteer
for
Tokyo’s
2020
Games.
English
is
not
required
for
service, but it is a useful skill for volunteers to have.
But Takamizawa had not been able to learn the language when she was young. Takamizawa said that
she
was
in
high
school
when
World
War
Two
started.
She
said,
“In
my
second
year
there,
English
was
banned because it was the enemy language.”


- 2 -
B. one sh
ould respect others’ privacy

D. one should stick to his personal budget
Takamizawa said her grandchildren helped persuade her that she was not too old to learn. “Whe
n I
talked to my grandchildren about my wish, they said, ‘It’s not too late. We will teach you one word a day’ ”.
Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and main English teacher. Natsuko sends a new English word to
her grandmother’s phone every day. They al
so often work together directly on phrases that Takamizawa
will
need
for
the
Olympics.
“Welcome
to
Tokyo,
this
is
the
Olympic
stadium,
how
can
I
help
you?”
Takamizawa
answers
when
asked
to
say
an
English
phrase
she
has
learned.
Natsuko
explains
that
she
wa
nted to give her grandmother something to enjoy. “I can clearly see her English is getting better. It’s my
joy now.”

The
EF
English
Proficiency
Index
is
a
measure
of
the
level
of
English
spoken
in
a
country.
Japan
ranks 49th among countries where English is not the first language. This situation is slowly changing as
younger generations welcome English. However, Takamizawa believes real change will not happen unless
Japanese people become more open to the rest of the world. With around 500 days to go until the games
begin, the whole Takamizawa family is ready to welcome the world to Tokyo.
4. Why couldn’t Takamizawa learn English when she was young?

A. Because English was useless.
B. Because she was too young to learn English.
C. Because English was forbidden to learn.
D. Because she was unwilling to learn English.
5. What can we know from the third paragraph?
A. Takamizawa gets strong support from her family.
B. Takamizawa’s grandchildren love her a lot.

C. Natsuko is Takamizawa’s granddaughter and only Engl
ish teacher.
D. Natsuko teaches Takamizawa English mainly by talking with her.
6. What does the underlined phrase “This situation” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

A. English is not the first language in Japan.
B. The level of English spoken in Japan is relatively low.
C. Younger generations in Japan welcome English.
D. Japanese people become open to the rest of the world.
7. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Where there is a will, there is a way.




B. It is never too late to learn.

- 3 -
C. The early bird catches the worm.



D. Two heads are better than one.
C
It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socio-economic backgrounds tend to do
less well in the education system. In an attempt to help the children of poor families, a nationwide program
called “Headstart” was started in the US in 1965. A lot of money was poured into it. It took children into
pre- school institutions at the age of three and was supposed to help them succeed in school. But the results
have been disappointing , because the program began too late. Many children who entered it at three were
already behind their peers in language and intelligence and the parents were not involved in the process. At
the end of each day, “Headstart” children returned to the same disadvantaged hom
e environment.
To improve the results, another program was started in Missouri that concentrated on parents as the
child
,
s first teachers. This program was based on research showing that working with the family is the most
effective way of helping children get the best possible start in life. The four-year study included 380
families who were about to have their first child and represented different social-economic status, age and
family structure. The program involved trained educators visiting and working with the parent or parents
and the child. The program also gave the parents some guidance, and useful skills on child development.
At three, the children involved in the “Missouri” program were evaluated with the children selected
from the same socio-economic background and family situations. The results were obvious. The children in
the program were more advanced in language development, problem solving and other intellectual skills
than their peers. They performed equally well regardless of socio- economic backgrounds or family
structure. The one factor that was found to affect the child
,
s development was the poor quality of
parent-child interaction. That interaction was not necessarily bad in poorer families.
The “Missouri” program compares quite distinctly with the “Headstart” program. Without a similar
focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first three years, some evidence indicates that
it will not be enough to overcome educational unfairness.
8. What caused the failure of the “Headstart” program ?

A. The large number of poor families.





B. The disapproval from children.
C. The late start of the program.










D. The long period of time.
9. What do we know about the “Missouri” program ?

A. It focused on the children
,
s first school teachers.
B. It helped the children return to the same home.

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C. It made the children improved in many aspects.
D. It gave the parents advice on their development.
10. According to the passage, what is likely to influence children
,
s performance ?
A. The number of family members.
C. The intelligence of their parents.
11. How does the author develop the passage ?
A. By listing figures.
C. By giving examples.
D
We’ve all been there: those times you need to argue your point of view to someone who you know
disagrees with you. You immediately go to your keyboard and start to type out that 280-character tweet, the
Facebook reply, or a paragraphs- long email. Surely the reason, logic, and strong power of your written
words will convince whoever it is who disagrees with you to see your point of view. But new research
suggests a different idea.
That research was conducted by Juliana Schroeder, assistant professor of University of California,
Berkeley, and her colleagues. In Schroeder
’
s study of almost 300 people, participants were asked to watch,
listen, and read arguments about subjects they agreed or disagreed with. They were asked to judge the
character of the communicator and the quality of the argument. Schroeder’s team found that the participants
who watched or listened to the communicator were less dismissive (
抵触的
)of their claims than when they
read that communicator’s same argument.

The idea for her study came from a newspaper article about a politician. One of us read a speech that
was printed in a newspaper from a politician with whom he strongly disagreed. The next week, he heard the
exact same speech playing on a radio station. He was shocked by how different his reaction was toward the
politician when he read the speech compared to when he heard it. When he read the statement, the
politician seemed idiotic, but when he heard it spoken, the politician actually sounded reasonable.
So in the workplace, speaking to someone in person often involves nothing more than walking a few
doors down to their office. And that’s exactly what you should do if you need to con
vince that boss or
colleague of why your blueprint for the company or project is the right one.
Only as a last way should you try to communicate with someone who you disagree with over social
media. Twitter’s limited text allowance and social media users’
short attention make arguing your point an

- 5 -
B. The parent-child communication.
D. The teacher-student relationship.
B. By making comparisons.
D. By drawing conclusions.
uphill battle.
1
2. What’s the result of the research?

A. Written words are more logical and reasonable.
B. People prefer to communicate with key board.
C. When reading an argument, the participants were less dismissive than hearing it.
D. Oral, not written, communication works better.
13. Why is the politician mentioned in paragraph3?
A. To introduce the topic for discussion.
B. To summarize the previous paragraphs.
C. To explain why Schroeder conducted the research.
D. To introduce the politician’s speech.

1
4. What does the underlined word “idiotic’’in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Wise.
B. Practical.
C. Silly.









D. Special.
15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A. To persuade your boss, you need to walk to his office and leave a message.
B. It’s difficult to fully explain your points due to social media’s limitation.

C. Arguing over social media is more convenient than speaking in person.
D. Communicating with others over social media is encouraged.
第二节

(
共
5
小题
;
每小题
2
分，满分
10
分
)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The millipede (
千足虫
)
Forest life
___16___ We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about
their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year. But what about smaller
animals that are more difficult to see or film?
___17___ A French scientist, Francois-Xavier, Joly, is studying one of them
—
the millipede.
The importance of leaves
When leaves begin to die in autumn, they turn from green to yellow and fall from the trees.
___18___ Life in the forest needs these nutrients
—
without them, plants could not grow and so there
would be no food for other animals.

- 6 -