生命的颜色-
王长喜十二句作文法
第一节:六级作文试题分析
一.
六级作文试题分类
六级作文从试题角度可以分为现象
解释型、对比选择型、问题解决型、观点论证型与应用
文五种类型。
(一)
现象解释型
此类作文在
六级考试作文中最为常见。命题主要要求考生对某一社会现象进行解释并加以
评论,其基
本结构是:首先说明现状;其次阐述这种现状产生或存在的原因;最后做出分
析,提出建
议或总结观点。例如:
1
.现象解释六级真题(
2003
年
6
月)
(二)
对比选择型
此类作文同样是六级考试中常见的类型,它的标志十分明显。
作文题目要求较明确,富有
针对性,即直接要求考试比较两种观点或做法,进而表明自己
对问题或事务的态度或观
点,也就是做出选择。例如:(
2000
年
6
月,
1999
年
6< /p>
月)
(三)
问题解决型
此类作文要求考生从提示性文字或图表、图
画入手,解释提示性文字、图表、图画反映出
的问题,提出问题的危害性或解决这一问题
的紧迫性;然后对问题展开分析,提出解决问
题的方案或应对措施;最后一段要求考生表
明自己的态度、做法等。如
2000
年
1
月真 p>
题。
(四)
观点论证型
此类作文往往要求考生根据题目给出论点,
按照提纲的结构要求对其下论证,然后表明自
己的立场和看法。通过摆事实、讲道理的方
式剖析事物,论述事理,发表意见,确立或否
认某一主张。如:
1999
年
1
月六级真题。
(五)
应用文
应用文中的信函,也是六级
作文设计的试题之一。在这类题型中,考生会读到一个特定的
场景,试题要求考生按照这
个场景给相关人士写一封短信,并在信中明确表达自己写信的
原因、动机、目的和愿望等
。文章所设及的内容多种多样,但大部分都与日常生活比较贴
近。书信的类型可能变化万
千,如邀请信、申请信、感谢信、道歉信等,但是万变不离其
宗,只要掌握了英语书信的
格式,并应用恰当的句式和语句,就一定能够写出好的文章
来。
二.
解决方案
1
.
建议考生分解作文观点,扩充内容。
2
.
建议考生在写作时只选择自己能够驾奴的句式和词语。
3
.
建议考生在文章中长短句搭配使用, 用短句表达观点,长句推理分析。
4
.
建议考生选用作文模板,限定文章逻辑结构。
5
.
建议考生采用固定的句式,限定文章的字数。
第二节:写作技巧及作文结构安排
一.
写作技巧。
1
.
根据文章大意判断作文题型。
2
.
各种题型的写作方法。
现象解释型:基本方法为:描
述现象
→
分析原因
→
对现象做出预测或如何促进( 限制)这
种现象的进一步发展。
对比选择型:基本方法为:阐述
一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述
第二种(相对或相反的)观点或
态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或
反对以上观点或态度,并说明原
因。
问题解决型:基本方法为:提出问题
→
分析问题 p>
→
解决问题。
观点论证型:基本方法为:分析主题
得出结论
→
举例论证
→
得出 结论(证明观点的正确
性)。
应用文基本方法为:分析所给情景
→
选择写作方法。
3
.
三段式作文的结构安排
题型
第一段
第二段
第三段
现象解释型
描述现象
说明现象产生的原因
表明个人态度或阐述个人做法
对比选择型
表明一方或双方由的观点及理
表明另一方的观点及理由,指出双方观点不
足之处及理由
表明个人态度或阐述个人做法
问题解决型
提出问题
分析问题,给出解决方案
表明个人态度或阐述个人做法
观点论证型
提出论点
例证论点
得出结论或表明个人看法或做法
应用文
描述事实
阐述原因
表明观点或提出建议
第三节:十二句作文法写作模板
一.
现象解释型写作模板
1
.
现象解释型模板一
Tojpic
sentence
①
——has become a common part of people’s life.
②
And——has always aroused the
greatest
concern.
③
what impresses us most is ——.
④
The reasons——are varied.
信息提示
1
.空格内用概括性 的词语填出最近出现的总体现象。
2.
空格内填题目要去讨论的具体现象
3.
现象的具体表现
4.
过度句,填现象或现象带 来的后果,为下文分析产生的原因做铺
垫。
5. Among the various reasons,——plays an important role. is to say,——
is more,—— example,—— 5
.原因之一。
6.
具体说明原因一。
7
原因
二。
8
举例说明原因二
9
.
When talking about——
,
——
,
10< /p>
.
On the one hand——11
.
On the other
hand,——12
.
In brief,—— 9.
空格一填作者要讨论的现象,空格二填作者的看法。
10.
支持看法的理由一或说明看法的第一个方面。
11.
理由二或第二个方面。
12.
总结。
2003
年
9
月真题
Reading regularly
has long become a common part of people’s life.
And reading
preference has always
aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us
most is
according to the table, the
percentage of book circulation in an American
university
library, which shows that
the circulation of popular fictions, general
nonfictions,
science/technology/education books and
art/ literature/poetry books accounts for
65.9%,18.2%,10.8%and 5.1% respectively.
The reasons for the phenomenon are
varied.
Among the various
reasons, the appealing content of the popular
fictions plays an
important part. That
is to say, thanks to its appealing plot, popular
fictions attract more
people than other
types of books do. What is more, science and art
books which require
readers’ knowledge
on relevant fields are highly demanding. For
example, it’s hard for
students
majoring in chemistry to understand Browning’s
poems, and vice versa.
When talking
about my reading preference, I think I prefer to
science books. On the one
hand, in
order to deepen what I’m specializing in, I need
read more books relevant to
my major.
On the other hand, these books can also broaden
our horizons. In brief,
college
students should choose books according to their
interests and needs.
2
.
现象解释型模板二
have witnessed
——
ing to ——
,
——
——
reasons contribute to—— 1
.空 格内填最近出现的总体现象。
2.
空格一根据题
目填
p>
the chart,thereport
等,空格二内填现象的具体表现一。
3.
现象的具体表现二
4.
过
度
句,填现象或现象带来的后果,为下文分析产生的原因做铺垫。
5. To begin
with ,——.
over,——
addition
,——
a result ,——
5
.原因之一。
6.
原因二。
7
原因三。
8
原因导致的结果。
to
me,——
,
of
all,——
s,——
conclude,—— 9.<
/p>
空格内填作者对现象的看法。
10.
支持看法的理由一。
< p>11.理由
二。
12.
总结。
We have witnessed that college students
vary in reading preference. According to the
table of the percentage of book
circulation in an American university library, the
circulation of popular fictions and
general nonfictions accounts for 65.9% and 18.2%
respectively. And the table shows that
the circulation of science/technology/education
books and art/ literature/poetry books
is 10.8%and 5.1% respectively. Many reasons
contribute to this
phenomenon.
To begin with, popular
fictions usually possess more appealing plot than
ther types of
books do, so many readers
are attracted by popular fictions. Moreover,
popular fictions
and general
nonfictions are easier to be understood. In
addition, science and art books
demand
certain knowledge in special field of study. As a
result, more students tend to
choose
popular fictions and general
nonfictions.
As to me, I’m in favor of
books of science and technology. First of all, in
order to deepen
what I’m leaning, I
need read more books relevant to my major and
observe the new
development in science
and technology circles. Besides, there books can
also broaden
my vision. To conclude,
college students should choose books according to
their
interests and
needs.
3
.
现象解释型模板三
1. ——has been brought
into focus.
s,——.
addition,
——.
reasons contribute to—— 1
. 空格内填最近出现的总体现象。
2.
空格内填现象
的具体
表现一。
3.
现象的具体表现二
4.
过度句到分析 原因。
5. Generally speaking
,——.
of all,——
over,——
ore ,——
5
.承上启下开始列举原因
6.
原因之一。
7
原因二。
8
对原因一二进行总结。
far as I am
concerned,——
,
we known
,——
rmore,——
a word,—— 9.
p>
空格内填作者对现象的看法。
10.
支持看法的理由一。
11.
理由
二。
12.
总结。
此类型真题有
2002
年
6
月、< /p>
1996
年
6
月。
二.
p>
对比选择型作文模板
1
.
模板一
ent people have
different views on——
2. Some people
perfer,——.
3. Others tend to,
——.
to me, I agree with /to —— 1
2
.表明一部分 人的看法。
3
.另一部分的看法。
4
5. Of course,——.
example,——
,——
following
reasons can account for my preference—— 5
.承认自己不赞同的看法
有一定的合理性。
6.
举例说明支持第五句。
7
转折指出这种观点的不足。
8
启下句过度到下段具体阐述自己所支持的观点的理由。
main
reason is ——.
10.A good example to
illustrate is ——
another,——
the foregoing,—— 9.
支持观点的理由一。
10.
举例说明理由一。
11.
理由
二。
12.
总结全文,从长远看来。
2002
年
< p>6月真题:
Is a test of spoken necessary?
A test of spoken English
will be included as an optional component of the
College
English Test (CET). Different
people have different views on it. Some prefer to
have
such a test. Others tend to
decline any kind of test of spoken English. As to
me, I agree
with the first
statement.
Of course, a test of spoken
English is very difficult to handle and the test
time is not long
enough to fully
display participants’ ability to spoken in
English. For example, if a
candidate
draws a topic which he of she is not familiar
with, it’s hard to show his or her
command of spoken English. But without
such a test, some people may not have
motivation to practise spoken English.
The following reasons can account for my
preference.
The main reason
is that such a test enhances college students’
awareness of the
importance of spoken
English. A good example to illustrate is that
several years ago,
college students
only stressed reading and writing skills, ignoring
to building up listening
and speaking
ability. For another, a certificate of such a test
will make job-hunting
easier. From the
foregoing, I think a test of spoken English is of
necessity.
2
.
p>
模板二(
1999
年
6
月真题)
is no complete agreement among people as
to ——
2. Some people
consider,——.
3. However, others think,
——.
people may say ——
5. They
hold this opinion because——.
6. However,
others believe,——
argue
that,——
ally,I am in favor of
the——
9. Firstly, ——. ly,——
important of all ——
above-mentioned
factors into consideration, we/I may reasonably
conclude
that —— 1
.开门见山直入主体,表明 对某事人们的不同看法。
2
.表明一部分人的看法。
3
.另一部分的看法。
4
.观点一的理由。 p>
5
.深入阐述观点一的理由。
6.
观点二的理由。
7
深入阐述观点二的理由。
8
我的看法。
< p>9.
个人看法依据一。
10.
个人看法依据二。
11.
个人看法依据三。
< p>12.
总结全文。
3
.
模板三
1. When asked about
——,different people will offer different
opinions.
2. Some people take it for
granted that——.
3. In their opinion,
——.
4. Besides ——
5. However,
others hold——.
maitain——
——
ng up these
arguments, I am for——
9. For one
thing——. anther,——
instance,——
ore, as stated above—— 1
p>
.开门见山直入主体,表明对某事人们的不同看
法。
2
.提出观点一。
3
.观点一的理由一。
4
.观点一的理由二
5
.提出观点二。
6.
观点二的理由一。
7
观点二的理由二。
8
我的观点。 p>
9.
个人观点理由一。
10.
个人观点理由二。
11.
举例说明。
< br>12.
综上所述再次强调自己的观点。
Is a test of
spoken necessary?
A test of spoken
English will be included as an optional component
of the College
English Test (CET). When
talking about it, different people will offer
different opinions.
Some people take it
for granted that college students should take a
test of spoken
English. In their
opinion, it is good chance for them to test their
spoken English. Besides,
it also make
them know the importance of the spoken
English.
However, others hold that a
test of spoken English is unnecessary in the
university and
colleges. They maintain
that college students’ practice of spoken English
is not for
testing but for daily use.
And they think it is hard to manage such a
subjective test.
Weighing up these two
arguments, I am for the first point of view. For
one thing, spoken
English is very
important. For another, a test of spoken English
can guide and supervise
students to
make conversation practice. For instance, when
choosing books and other
materials,
students can pick them according to the bands of
the test they want to take.
Therefore,
as stated above, the first point of view can hold
water.
三.
问题解决型作文模板
1
.
模板一
1. With the
development/improvement of ——,——.
2. It
is necessary that——.
3. On the one hand,
——.
4. On the other hand,
——
5. Therefore, how to —— is worth
paying attention.
y——ly——
example,——9. Thirdly, ——.
other
words,——
fact, ways to —— are
countless.
’s time that —— 1
.空格 一处铺垫,空格二处填写某一问题。
2
.关注解决现象引出的问题很必要 。
3
.解决问题很必要的理由一。
4
5
.承上启下,填要解决的问题。
6.
解决办法一。
7
解决办法二。
8.
举例解释解决办法二。
9.
解决办法三。
10.
阐明解决办法三。
11.
指出解决问题的办法多种多样。
12.
强调解 决问题时不可待。
2004
年
1
月真题:
Reduce Waste on Campus
With the
improvement of living standard, waste on campus is
increasingly serious. It is
necessary
that something should be done to reduce waste on
campus. On the one
hand, our waste has
already caused a great loss of precious resources,
such as water
and electricity. On the
other hand, our waste adds our parents as well as
our society a
burden.
Therefore, how to
eliminate waste on campus is worth paying
attention. Firstly, we
should turn off
the light when we leave our dorms or classrooms so
as to save electricity
as much as
possible. Secondly, we should stop wasting water
when we bath, or wash
clothes and
dishes. For example, we should use a basin when we
clean faces. Thirdly,
we should be
economical. In other words, when go shopping, we
should buy only what
we really
need.
In fact, the ways to reduce waste
on campus are countless. It’s time that we
cultivate
the habit of thrift in every
possible way.
2
.
模板二
1. There has been a
discussion recently abouot——.
2. It is
obvious that——.
3. Additionally,
——.
4. So it is high time,
——
5. First of all, ——
reason is——ly——
is to
say,——
9. Thirdly, ——.
fact,
more than three ways can be adopted,——
for me, ——
in all, —— 1
.提出现存的 问题。
2
.解决问题很必要的理由一
3
.解决问题很必要的理由二。
4
.承上启下,说明解决问题的必要 性。
5
.解决办法一
6
.解 决办法一的理由
.
。
7
.解决办法二。< /p>
8.
阐明解决办法二。
9.
解决办法三。
10.
指出解决问题的办法多种多样。
11.
小结解决问题的根本途径。
12.
总结全文。
Reduce Waste on
Campus
There has been a discussion
recently about waste on campus. It is obvious that
a great
loss of precious resources,
such as water and electricity have been caused by
waste.
Additionally, our waste adds our
parents and society a burden. So it is high time
that we
took actions to reduce the
waste on campus.
First of all, we should
stop wasting water when we bath, or clean faces,
or wash clothes
and dishes. The reason
is that there is a great shortage of water in the
word. Secondly,
we should be
economical. That is to say, when go shopping, we
should buy only what
we really need.
Thirdly, we should turn off the light when we
leave dorms or classrooms
so as to save
electricity as much as possible.
In
fact, more than three ways can be adopted. As for
me, the cultivation of good habit of
thrift is most important for all of us.
All in all, every college student should join in
the
efforts to combat the waste on
campus.
3
.
模板三
(2001
年
1
月
) p>
1. I t is certain that——.
2.
For one reason,——.
3. For another,
——.
4. However, some still puzzle on how
to ——.
5. Here come some suggestions.
begin with,——ly——
instance,——
9. Thirdly, ——.
is because——
solutionvary according to
different situations.
ore, —— 1
.提出问题及解决的必要性。
2
.解决问题很必要的理由一
< p>3
.解决问题很必要的理由二。
4
.转折到 如何解决问题。
5
.呈上指出解决问题的方法很多。
6
.解决办法一
.
。
7
.解决办法二。
8.
阐明解决办法二。
9.
解决办法三。
10.
其理由。
11.
解决问题的办法随具体情况不同而变化根本途径。
12.
总结全文,要灵活地依据具体情况处理问题。
第三节。
观点论证型作文模板
1
.
模板一
1. It is true
that——.
2. However,——.
3.I
think——.
4.—— can be listed as
follow.
5. First of all, ——
6. Secondly ——
example——
y,——
9. A case in
point is ——.
goes without saying
that——
is no doubt that ——
conclusion —— 1
.提出普遍存在地观点。
2
.谈不同地观点。
3
.自己地观点,即文章地论点
4
.过度句,转折到观点地论证,由题目选择具体的词。
5
.论证理由一
6
.论证理由二。
7
.举例具体说明理由二。
8.
论证理由三。
9.
举例说明理由三。
10.
提出执行该观点时应注意的事项。
11.
得出结论。
12.
总结全文。
It Pays to Be
Honest
It is true that most of us value
honesty highly. However, nowadays we often
confront
confidence crisis such as
cheating, overcharging, fake commodities, etc. I
think that we
should be honest because
being honest is not only the whole society. The
reasons can
be listed as
follows.
Firstly, only honest people can
be truly respected by the others and can make more
friends over a long period of time.
Secondly, honesty, which is the traditional virtue
of
the Chinese people, can make our
life easier and more harmonious. For example,
consumers will not be afraid of being
overcharged if dealers are honest, and on the
contrary dealers can win more
customers. Thirdly, honesty can make our society.
A
case in point is that Singapore which
is a society of trustworthiness and integrity has
a
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