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小兵嘎子考前30天作文狂背完整版

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://bjmy2z.cn/zuowen
2020-12-23 06:37
tags:作文, 精品文档, 英语考试

-

2020年12月23日发(作者:欧阳可庆)



推荐信

1(

1

:原书

P3-4)


结构要点:


推荐信是向收信人推荐某人做某事的信件,一般分为三个部分:


1

.指出被推荐的人及推荐的原因;


2

.介绍被推荐人的情况;


3

.总结说明被推荐人值得被推荐(例如能胜任工作)


Directions

: Suppose you have been a private tutor of Mr. Wang

s daughter for two years. But now


you are going to graduate and so you recommend your friend Lily who is a sophomore to take the


place of you. Write a letter to Mr. Wang in about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the


end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Wang,


I am very sorry to tell you that I am going to graduate this June and cannot go on with my job as


a tutor of your daughter. It has really been a pleasant experience to teach your daughter English as


she is such a lovely and smart girl. Here I take great pleasure in recommending to you my friend


Lily who is a sophomore majoring in English in my university. She is particularly willing to take


the part- time job of an English tutor when she knows about your daughter.


Lily is an excellent student. Especially her spoken English is both fluent and proficient, which


can

positively

influence

the

person

speaking

with

her.

Moreover,

as

a

lively,

cheerful

and


easy-going girl, she is good at communicating with others.


Therefore, I am confident that she is highly competent for the job and will help your daughter


make further progress in English.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


推荐信

2(

2

:原书

P5-6)


语言注意点:

< br>推荐信应对写被推荐人的优点,

肯定其成绩。

但内容应真实可信,

语言热情得体。

切忌夸大


其实。


Directions

: You are asked to write a letter of recommendation for Miss Liu Ming who wants to


study

for

the

Master

s

Degree

under

the

supervision

of

Professor

Smith

who

was

once

your


supervisor in your graduate study. Write a letter to Prof. Smith in about 100 words. Do not sign


your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Prof. Smith,


It has always been a great pleasure to write to you since I can never fail to get help, inspiration


or enlightenment from you. Now I am writing to recommend to you Miss Liu Ming who wants to


pursue her graduate study for the Master

s Degree under your supervision.


Miss

Liu

Ming

was

one

of

my

classmates

in

Tianjin

University.

She

was

one

of

the

most


excellent students in our university as can be seen from her straight A grades on all subjects. After


graduation she worked in Tianyi Biological Company for three years, which considerably added to


her practical experience.


It is my belief that with her intelligence, diligence and rich experience, Miss Liu Ming has great


potential for further development in the field of pharmacology both theoretically and practically.


Therefore, I recommend her to you with no reservations.


Faithfully yours,


Li Ming


建议信

1


结构要点建议信是建议收信人采取某种行动的信件,一般分为三个部分:


1

说明建议的内容;


2

提出建议的原因;


3

指出采纳建议的益处。


Directions3


Suppose one of your friends is going on a self

?

tour in your hometown. Write a letter in about


100 words to make a suggestion to him/her. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter,


using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Mary,


Glad

to

hear

from

you.

You

have

made

a

right

decision

to

travel

in

my

hometown,

Sichuan


because it is a place with picturesque scenery.


Self

?

tour is always my favorite, too, as it gives me more freedom to choose the beauty spots


and

arrange

the

tour.

To

you,

a

camping

?

lover,

I

highly

recommend

the

Ice

Mountain

in


Songpan

County.

First,

you

can

directly

go

there

by

bus

from

Chengdu

or

Mianyang.

The


accommodation in Songpan is very convenient since there are quite a lot of private hotels with


clean rooms at low price. Then you can hire a guide who will prepare a horse, a tent and some


other things for you. After that, you will visit the beautiful scenery on horseback by following the


guide during the day and enjoy camping at night. My journey there last July has really brought me


great pleasure and unforgettable memory.


Wish you a happy tour.


Yours ever,


Li Ming


建议信

2


语言注意点

:


这类信可写给认识的人,

也可写给不认识的人。内容与模式都比较灵活。但总地来说,

应言


辞恳切,理由充分。


directions4


Suppose one of your friends is going to take the CET

?

6 and asks you for suggestions on how to


make preparation. Write a letter in about 100 words to him/her. Do not sign your own name at the


end of your letter, using Li Ming

instead.


Sample:


Dear Helen,


What

a

surprise

it

is

that

you

are

going

to

take

this

June

s

CET

?

6

since

you

are

only

a


freshman in Fudan University! Anyway, your courage and efforts are worth praise.


To get fully prepared for the test, I think, you need to first enlarge your vocabulary, which is the


basis of all parts. Second, you need more exercises, especially exercises of reading comprehension,


in order to improve your test skills. Then you should practise writing constantly. You can e

?

mail


your compositions to me and I will correct them for you in time.


In a word, every effort is rewarding. I am looking forward to your success.


Best wishes.


Yours,


Li Ming


感谢信

1


结构要点

:


感谢信是就某事向收信人表示感谢的信件,分为三个部分:


1

指出对方帮助自己的事情,表示感谢;


2

展开叙述这件事;


3

再次感谢,并可表示希望回报对方。


Directions 7


Suppose you were taken good care of by Doctor Liu when you were in hospital. Write a letter in


about 100 words to him to show your gratitude. Do not sign your own name at the end of your


letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Doctor Liu,


It

is

a

great

pleasure

to

extend

my

sincere

thanks

to

you

for

your

careful

treatment

and


attendance when I was in hospital this March.


On that night, I got acute appendicitis and was sent to your hospital by my roommates. Yet I was


very lucky to have you, an experienced and skillful doctor, on duty. You immediately diagnosed


my disease, hospitalized me and arranged a timely operation for me. In the following days

you


took good care of me and talked to me from time to time to release my pain.


It was all because of your attendance and perfect professional skills that I could recover so soon.


Therefore,

thank

you

again

and

I

wish

I

would

have

the

chance

to

pay

you

back

for

all

your


kindness.


Yours faithfully,


Li Ming


感谢信

2


语言注意点

:


感谢信应充分表达自己的谢意,

切不可给对方草率的印象。

可借助谈对方的帮助来进一步表


达感激之情。言辞应真挚、得体。


Directions 8


Suppose

your

friend

lent

you

a

book

and

gave

you

some

suggestions

when

you

made


preparations for CET

?

6. Write a letter in about 100 words to show your gratitude. Do not sign


your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Sherry,


My thanks to you for your help with my preparations for the CET

?

6 are beyond words.


Originally I only wanted to ask you for some advice on the coming test, as you were so good at


English. But to my surprise, you gave more help to me than I had ever expected. You not only


wrote down ten suggestions for me but also showed me how I could arrange my time and what I


should do in each month before the test. Besides, you lent me the book I needed very much when


you learned that I had not yet got it. It was really kind and considerate of you.


Your unreserved help enabled me to make efficient preparations and at last encouraged me to


pass the test. So I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude again.


Yours faithfully,


Li Ming


致歉信

1


结构要点

:


致歉信是向收信人表示歉意的信件,包括三个部分:


1.

说明为何事而致歉;


2.

解释造成过失或不能履约的原因;


3.

再次致歉或提出解决方案。


Directions 9


Suppose you cannot attend your sister

?

s graduation ceremony as expected for some reason.


Write a letter in about 100 words to make an apology to her. Do not sign your own name at the


end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Linda,


Kindly excuse me for my not being able to attend your graduation ceremony next Wednesday as


I have promised.


You know, there will be a meeting of great importance to my company next week in Nanjing.


But the person who was originally appointed to it is now seriously ill in hospital. And I have been


asked to take his place to attend the meeting and make a speech on behalf of my company. On the


one hand, it is a task assigned by my boss out of his trust in me. On the other hand, I do regard it


as an opportunity to both display and enhance my abilities. So I am afraid I cannot be present at


your graduation ceremony.


Though

I

have

decided

to

send

you

a

gift

to

celebrate

your

graduation,

I

really

regret

that

I


cannot give you my sincere congratulations on the spot, for I know any gift can never parallel a


warm word spoken personally by a family member. I do feel terribly sorry. Please forgive me.


Cordially,


Li Ming


致歉信

2


语言注意点

:


致歉信必须写得坦诚,表达出真心的歉意。


Directions 10


Suppose you have accepted Mr. Zhang

?

s invitation to dinner, but you have to change your


plan for some reason. Write a letter in about 100 words to make an apology to him. Do not sign


your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Zhang,


It

was

very

kind

of

you

to

invite

me

to

dinner

in

your

house

the

day

after

tomorrow

and

I


originally accepted it with great pleasure. But now, much to my regret that I may not be able to


keep my promise because my sister was injured in a car accident and I must look after her in the


hospital for several days.


The accident happened suddenly and all my family are now busy dealing with it and caring for my


sister. So I don’t

think I will have the time to go to the dinner and even if I go, I am afraid I will


hardly be in a cheerful mood, which may spoil the party.


I am very sorry for that and really regret that I would miss such an excellent chance of enjoying


the perfect dishes with friends. Besides, please give my regards to Mr. and Mrs. Rogers when they


come to dinner.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


求职信

1(

5

:原书

P11-12)


结构要点:


求职信是申请具体职位的信件,包括下列三个部分:


1

说明应聘职位;


2

介绍自身情况;


3

请求回复并表示感谢。


Directions

: Write a letter in about 100 words to a high school to apply for a teaching position. Do


not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Sir,


I

am

writing

to

apply

for

the

position

as

an

English

teacher

that

you

recently

advertised

in


Sichuan Daily

. I take keen interest in the post because I find that my major and experiences well


meet the requirements you stated in the advertisement.


Being interested in English teaching, I pursued my graduate study in the direction of teaching


methodology

in

Sichuan

International

Studies

University,

and

got

a

Master

s

Degree

in

2003.

I


was a top student through the three academic years, as can be shown in the enclosed resume and


reports.

After

graduation,

I

ever

taught

English

in

a

Xi

an

high

school.

As

Sichuan

is

my


hometown

I

love

very

much,

I

have

decided

to

move

back

and

so

I

venture

to

apply

for

the


position in your school.


If

I

were

favored

with

an

interview,

I

would

be

most

grateful.

Please

contact

me

at


. Thank you for your consideration.


Best wishes.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming


求职信

2(

6

:原书

P13-14)



语言注意点:


求职信不同于简历。

在介绍自己情况时,

不可面面俱到,

否则篇幅过长,

反而不易得到重视。


应重点突出与所应聘职位相关的自己的特点及特长。

语言要有礼貌,

要能体现出诚恳的态度


和对工作的渴求。


Directions

: Suppose you are going to graduate from Shanghai University. Write a letter in about


100 words to a company to apply for a post of salesman. Do not sign your own name at the end of


your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Sir,


Keenly interested I am in the post of salesman you have advertised on the job market because I


think my major, marketing, and my practical experience particularly matches your requirements of


the post.


I will graduate from Shanghai University this June and get a B.A. degree. I have always been


one of the top ten students in my class. I got excellent grades in not only required subjects but also


optional

courses

such

as

economics,

statistics

and

Chinese

literature.

Besides,

I

have

passed


CET-6 with a mark over 80. Moreover, during the four years, I took an active part in all kinds of


practices of sale promotion, which greatly added to my experience in marketing and interpersonal


communication. In a word, I am confident that I qualify for the post.


If

my

application

were

taken

into

favorable

consideration,

I

would

be

most

grateful.

I

am


looking forward to your early reply.


Enclosed are my score reports and resume.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming



祝贺信

1


结构要点

:


祝贺信是由于某种原因向收信人道贺的信件,一般包含三个部分:


1

点明要祝贺的事情,并向对方道贺;


2

详述祝贺的事情;


3

再次祝贺。


Directions 11


Suppose

your

friend

Ellen

is

going

to

graduate

from

Fudan University

and

get

a Master

?

s


Degree. Write a letter in about 100 words to congratulate her. Do not sign your own name at the


end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Ellen,


How delighted I am when I hear that you are going to graduate from Fudan University and get a


Master’s Degree! Though I

cannot

go to Shanghai to join in the celebration of

your graduation


owing

to

the

long

distance

between

the

two

cities,

yet

I

wish

to

express

my

most

earnest

and


ardent congratulations through this letter.


For

years

you

have

made

unremitting

efforts

in

your

specialized

field

and

your

diligence

and


intelligence at last win you honor. I am not only happy for but also proud of you from the bottom


of my heart.


I believe as an up

?

and

?

coming person, you will use

your head and hands to develop

your


career to a higher level after the graduation.


May you achieve greater success in the future.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming


祝贺信

2


语言注意点

:


祝贺信除了向对方道贺以外,还可表达祝福、期望等。语言应热情洋溢,满怀喜悦。


Directions 12


Suppose your friend Mr. Zhao has recently got a promotion. Write a letter in about 100 words to


congratulate him. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using Li Ming instead.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Zhao,


I am extremely glad to hear that you have got a promotion in your company. Congratulations!


It is excellent of you to get a promotion, for after all you have just been in the company for six


months.

As

we

all

know,

you

are

always

a

both

hard

?

working

and

creative

person,

which

is


essential to achieve your goals in work. Moreover, your strong sense of responsibility enables you


to win trust from people around you and thus win yourself various opportunities. I think that is


why you can make achievements in such a short time.


There

is

no

doubt

that

you

deserve

the

promotion.

Having

you

as

a

friend,

I

really

feel

both


proud and lucky because I can often learn so much from you.


Best wishes.


Yours faithfully,


Li Ming


邀请信

1


结构要点

:


邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信,包含三个方面:


1

邀请对方参加活动的内容、时间和地点;


2

与该活动有关的注意事项;


3

期待对方接受邀请,并可表示感谢。


Directions 13


Write a letter to one of your high school classmates who is in a nearby city, and invite him/her


to

your

city

at

this

weekend.

Some

necessary

details

must

be

included.

Do

not

sign

your

own


name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Linda,


We haven’t seen each other for six years after graduation. I am so glad to hear that you have


graduated

from

UCLA

and come

back

to

work

in

Suzhou.

If

you

are

free

this

Saturday,

please


come to Shanghai and have a good time with me.


We can first go to the Century Park, where the flowers are all in blossom. Let’s go boating on


the

lake

—isn’t

it

pleasant

in

the

cool

breeze?

Then

I

will

treat

you

to

dinner

at

a

wes

tern


restaurant on Huaihai Road

it is small but really nice

—I’m sure you will enjoy it. After dinner,


let’s go to a concert—you are a music lover, aren’t you?


If you couldn’t come, please notify me before Friday. If you can, please tell me which train


you will take and I will meet you at the railway station.


I am looking forward to meeting you.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


邀请信

2


语言注意点

:


邀请信叙事一定要清楚、

明白。

如写给朋友,

可选用活泼、

真诚的言辞;

如写给长辈、

上级、


名人等,则语言应正式、礼貌。


Directions 14


Write

a

letter

to

invite

a

famous

professor

to

give

a

lecture

to

the

English

postgraduate


students in your university. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name


at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Professor Michael Hutchison,


We are very glad to hear that you are attending an international conference in Beijing. We are


writing

this

letter

to

inquiry

the

possibility

of

inviting

you

to

deliver

a

lecture

on

American


literature for our postgraduate students on the evening of June 16.


We have long been noticed that you have done a lot of substantial and creative work in this


field. Two of your books have become textbooks for our students for several years. So all of us


believe your lecture will benefit our students and teaching staff alike.


If you can manage to come, please tell us the number of your flight and we will meet you at


the airport. If you can’t make it, please als

o let us know.


We are looking forward to your coming.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


投诉信

1


结构要点

:


投诉信是对产品或服务表示不满的信件,一般分三个部分:


1

提出投诉内容;


2

说明具体情况;


3

提出解决办法。


Directions 15


Suppose that you ordered a television but later found that it has worrying problems. Write a


letter of complaint to describe the matter and require settlement. Do not sign your own name at the


end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Sir,


The television I ordered from your store arrived on time last Friday, but only three days later


I found it could not work properly.


On Tuesday evening, when I turned on the television, I was surprised to find that it became a

black

?

and

?

white

television

all

of

the

other

colors

were

simply

gone.

What

made

matters


worse, the remote control was also out of order. I dialed your service number for several times, but


the line was always busy.


This problem has affected our normal life. Can you get it repaired as soon as possible? Thank you


for your consideration.


I am looking forward to your early reply.


Yours faithfully,


Li Ming


投诉信

2


语言注意点

:


投诉信应重点表明投诉的原因,

叙事应客观、

准确、

简洁。

最后提出的解决方法应切实可行。


在表达自己的不满时,语 言要把握分寸,不失风度。


Directions 16


Write a letter to complain about an unhappy experience in about 100 words to describe the


matter and ask for the mistake to be corrected. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter,


using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Sir,


I am writing to you about a most unhappy experience. Last Tuesday morning, we took a long


?

route bus of your company from Dukou to Lijiang. The bus was scheduled to arrive in Lijiang


at 7 o

clock in the evening, but it stopped midway at four p.m. for mechanical problems. The


driver

and

the

ticket

seller

could

neither

solve

the

problem

by

themselves

nor

seek

help

from


others.


Where we stopped was nowhere near a village. Up until 8 o’clock, another bus finally carried


us to a shabby rural motel. We had to pay for our accommodation. The room was too small and the


quilt was so dirty. To our surprise, when we just

managed to sleep at around 2 a.m., the driver


came to wake us up

the bus had been fixed!


I suggest that you look into this matter immediately and deal with it quickly and properly.


Looking forward to your reply.


Yours,


Li Ming


询问信

1


结构要点

:


询问信是希望获取信息的信件,分为三个部分:


1

说明自己的计划或目的,也就是询问信息的原因;


2

征询具体信息;


3

期待回复并表示感谢。



Directions 17


Write a letter inquiring about a hotel. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign


your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead

.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Guo,


I am going to

visit Songpan on July 30 and wish to stay at

your hotel. My friend has just


come back and warmly recommended it to me.


My wife and I want to go horse trekking with the Happy Trails Horse Team. We will choose to go


to the Ice Mountain, so it will take four days. We want a double room with a private bath for two


nights, July 30 and August 3.


Would you please tell us whether we could have such a room and how much it will cost us?


I am looking forward to your reply.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


询问信

2


语言注意点

:


询问信应语言简洁、清晰,无歧义。语气礼貌、恳切。


Directions 18


You are a tourist and you want to experience a new way of traveling. Write a letter inquiring about


such a traveling program. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at


the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Guo Chang,


My wife and I have read in the traveling book Lonely Planet about your Happy Trails Horse


Team. We are very much interested in going horse trekking with your team.


We want to choose the Ice Mountain route, which will take four days, from July 31 to August 3.


What should we take with us? Will the guides provide accommodation for us? How much will the


tour cost each of us?


We will reach Songpan on the afternoon

of July 30 at about 5 o’clock. I hope it will not be


too late when we arrive at your team.


I am looking forward to your early reply.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


介绍信

1


结构要点

:


介绍信是向收信人介绍某人的信件,包含三个部分:


1

说明被介绍人的身份;


2

提出希望收信人做的事情;


3

如果是请收信人关照被介绍人,< /p>

表示感谢;如果是请收信人与被介绍人共同工作,

则对


合作 表示乐观。


Directions 19


Suppose that your friend is going to stay at a big city. Write a letter in about 100 words to


introduce her to a friend there. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li


Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Linda,


I

want

to

introduce

to

you

the

bearer

of

this

letter,

Helen

Herbert,

who

is

a

diligent

and


intelligent

scholar

just

like you.

She

will

attend

an

international

conference on

economics

from


August 27 through August 30 at the Shangri

?

La Hotel of your city.


She will have no problem with her accommo

?

dation. I am sure a talk will benefit both of


you

a

lot.

I

have

given

your

mobile

phone

number

to

her,

and

I

hope

it

will

not

cause

any


inconvenience for you.


Thank you for your kindness and consideration.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming


介绍信

2


语言注意点

:


介绍信应措辞礼貌得体,对被介绍人的说明应简洁明了、重点突出。


Directions 20


Write a letter to inform a colleague of a coming visiting scholar in about 100 words. Do not


sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Anna,


Please allow me to take this opportunity to introduce a visiting scholar, George Martin, from


University

of

California

at

Berkeley.

He

will

be

a

member

of

our

Program

of

Asia

?

Pacific


Economy for nine months.


George

is

an

enthusiastic

and

enterprising

scholar.

He

has

done

various

researches

on


American and Asian economies for more than ten years. I am sure that his participation will do a


lot of help to our recent research.


George will be arriving here on next Friday and he will soon go to visit you after arrival. You


can

introduce

the

overall

development

of

our

program

to

him,

and

then

explore

the

details

of


cooperation.


Sincerely yours,


Li Ming



申请信

1


结构要点

:


申请信是向收信人提出某个请求的信件,包含三个部分:


1

提出请求;


2

说明原因;


3

请求回复并表示感谢。


Directions 21


Write a letter to apply for a membership in an organization in about 100 words. Do not sign


your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Mr. Peterson,


I

am

writing

to

apply

for

a

membership

in

your

musical

band.

My

music

teacher,

Prof.


Huntington, strongly recommended that I attend such a renowned organization, telling me that it


would benefit me in many years to come.


I have been loving music ever since I was in elementary school. I learned piano at eight and


flute at twelve. I hope I can grow up into a good saxophone player in your team

with so many


music lovers around me, I will surely become more creative and enthusiastic.


If my application could be taken into favorable consideration, I would be most grateful. I am


looking forward to your early reply.


Best regards.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming


申请信

2


语言注意点

:


申请信开篇应点明主题,语言简练。接着说明做此申请的原因,即自己所具备的申请条件,< /p>


这一部分需重点明确,论述充分。最后请求回复并表示感谢时,应采用礼貌、诚恳的措辞。


Directions 22


Write a letter to apply for a membership in a program in about 100 words. Do not sign your


own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Sir,


I have heard that the university will choose 30 students to teach in rural junior high schools


for one month. I am very much interested in this program and want to be one of them.


I am a sophomore majoring in English language and literature and I have been a private tutor


ever since I finished my College Entrance Examination. I love teaching

whenever I teach, I feel


I am making progress together with my students all the time.


Enclosed

are

my

score

reports

on

all

relative

subjects.

I

hope

that

my

application

will

get


your favorable consideration.


With best regards.


Yours sincerely,


Li Ming




便

1


结构要点

: < /p>


便笺也叫做便条,是一种简便的信函,形式简单,可用于询问、道歉、请假、约会、留言、


归还东西等很多事由。


Directions 23


Suppose you and two of your friends have decided to go on a self

?

tour to Hangzhou and you


want to invite another friend Cathy to join you. Write a note in about 100 words to her.

Do not


sign your own name at the end of your letter, using

Li Ming

instead.


Sample:


Dear Cathy,


We have planned a self

?

tour to Hangzhou next Saturday. I wonder if you would like to join us,


Sherry, Alice and me.


You know, spring is the season when the scenery around West Lake is the most beautiful and it


is very convenient for us to go there for it takes only two hour

s and a half by train or by coach.


We are going by the 8

20 train of Saturday morning and returning on Sunday evening. If you


agree to go with us, we plan to book two rooms in the Youth Hostel which cost only 50 yuan a


night and from which it’s only 20 minutes’ walk to West Lake.


I’m sure we will have a very good time and find the tour rewarding.


Yours,


Li Ming


便

2


语言注意点

:


便笺语言较简单和口语化,但应 注意,说明事由时要简洁、清楚,不需过多的套话。


Directions 24


Suppose

your

mother

has

come

to

see

you

and

tonight

you

will

sleep

in

the

room

she

has


booked in a hotel near your university. Write a note in about 100 words to inform your roommate


Linda of that. Do not sign your

own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.


Sample:


Dear Linda,


I am afraid that I won’t be in our dormitory tonight because my mother has come here to see me


and I plan to sleep in the room she has booked in a nearby hotel. I had wanted to tell you that in


person but you are not back yet. So I have to leave this note for you.


My

mother

has

brought

me

several

bags

of

beef

jerky

that

are

a

special

product

of

my


hometown. I’ve left two of them on your desk. Help yourself and I hope you’

ll enjoy them.


Besides I have asked our teacher for a day’s leave. So I won’t be present in tomorrow’s class.


Would you do me a favor by handing in my history assignment to the teacher? It is on your desk


beneath the beef jerky. Thanks.


Take care of yourself.


Yours,


Li Ming


1


结构要点

:


通知的目的是传递信息或分配工作 ,

包含内容、时间和地点。

如果是活动,

应包含参加的人


员范围;如果是讲座或报告,应包含演讲人的简介。


Directions 25


Write a notice in about 100 words to inform the students and English teachers of a lecture on


Australian studies.


Sample:


NOTICE


We

are

very

honored

to

invite

Prof.

Richard

Gilbert

from

Sydney

University

to

give

us

a


lecture

on

Sino

?

Australian

relationship

in

the

new

millennium.

Prof.

Gilbert

graduated

from


Australian National University in 1979 and has been teaching Australian studies for more than 20


years. He has become a leading expert in this field and has published several books and numerous


papers

on

such

topics

as

Australian

economy,

education

and

foreign

policy.

His

humorous

and


thought

?

provoking speech will surely benefit all the audience.


The lecture will b

e given at Yifu Auditorium from 7 to 9 o’clock next Thursday evening. All


the teachers and students are welcome to attend this lecture.


English Department


August 27, 200


2


语言注意点

:


通知必须用 简练、

准确的语言传递信息。

如果包含对演讲人、

主要参与人或组 织者等的介绍,


则语言应大方得体,重点突出,切忌长篇大论。


Directions 26


Write a notice in about 100 words for the Student Union to inform of a speech contest.


Sample:


NOTICE


The

Student

Union

has

decided

to

hold

a

Chinese

speech

contest

to

celebrate

the

coming


National Day. The maximum time of each speaker is eight minutes. We will invite seven experts to


serve

as

judges.

Every

speaker

will

be

judged

from

three

aspects:

script,

eloquence,

and

the


reaction of the audience. The results will be announced immediately.


All

the

participants

are

required

to

hand

in

their

request

form

before

September

12.

The


preliminary contest falls on September 18 in the school library. The final contest will be held on


September 30 in the cinema of our university.


The Student Union


Sept. 2, 2005



备忘录

1


结构要点

:


备忘录是单位内部传递信息的文件,包括抬头和正文,其中抬头包含四个部分:


TO:

收阅者


FROM:

撰写者


SUBJECT:

主题


DA

TE:

日期


Directions 27


Suppose you are the secretary of the Personnel Department of a company and are organizing a


farewell party for a colleague who is going to retire. Write a memo in about 100 words to inform


your colleagu

es of the meeting. Do not use your own name, using “Li Ming” instead.



Sample:


TO: All employees of the Personnel Department


FROM: Li Ming, secretary of the Personnel Department


SUBJECT: Farewell Party for Liu Gang


DA

TE: Dec. 27, 2005


Our colleague Liu Gang is going to retire next month. His retiring is really a pity to us all as he


is such an amiable man who is always ready to help others, such an honest man who has won trust


and respect from around him, and such a humorous man who can often add pleasure to our work.


We have decided to hold a farewell party for him.


We

are

going

to

use

the

assembly

room

of

our

department

for

the

party.

I

have

organized


several

programs

for

entertainment,

but

they

are

not

enough.

So

if

anyone

is

willing

to

give


performances, please let me know as soon as possible. Besides, our general manager and manager


will be present, too.


All

the

colleagues

of

the

Personnel

Department

are

invited

to

attend

the

party

which

is


scheduled on November 4, next Friday and will begin at

7 o’clock in the evening. By the way, all


suggestions on the party are welcome.



备忘录

2


语言注意点

:


备忘录的主要目的是有效、快速地传达信息,应语言简练、层次清楚,易于理解。如有并列< /p>


信息,

可借助项目符号或编号等,

使人一目了然。

不宜使用华丽的辞藻或复杂的结构来炫耀


自己的写作才能。


Directions 28


Write a memo in about 100 words on behalf of the Student Union to call on students to join in


the volunteer activities in Xinhua Community.


Sample:


TO: All students of Shanghai University


FROM: Student Union


SUBJECT: V

olunteer activities in Xinhua Community


DA

TE: Sep. 13, 2005


At the beginning of the new term, we plan to organize a series of volunteer activities in Xinhua


Community, which is about 200 meters from our university.


The activities are scheduled on September 18, this Sunday and include doing housework for


the disabled or old people who live by themselves, teaching English to children, and publicizing


knowledge about healthy diet and about preventing common diseases.


We believe it is a good opportunity to show our love and know more about the society. 100


volunteers are needed. If you are willing and have time to take part in the activities, please come


to

the

office

of

the

Student

Union

on

the

third

floor

of

the

Administrative

Building,

where

we


would ask you to sign your name in a table and tell us what activity you are particularly interested


in.




1


结构要点

:


简历是个人经历的书面表达形式,

应包含个人信息、

教育背景和工作经历。

有时还可包含事


业目标

objective

c areer objective

其他经历

activities

获奖情况

awards

和特长

sp ecial


skills

)等。


Directions 29


Suppose you are going to graduate from the university. Write a resume in about 100 words to


apply for

a job. Do not use your own name, using “Li Mei” instead.


Sample:


RESUME


Personal Data:


Name:Li Mei


Sex:Female


Address: Room 602, Dormitory Building 12,


Wuhan University


Wuhan, Hubei, 430021


Date of Birth:June 16, 1983


Place of Birth:Zunyi, Guizhou


Telephone:(027) 87273548,


Email:angellimei@


Hobbies:painting, reading, Internet surfing, dancing


Foreign Languages:English


Objective:

To

work

as

a

regional

sales

representative

who

is

responsible

for

sales

activity

and


coordination


Education:


2002 ~ PresentStudying at Wuhan University


Bachelor of Arts in finance


1999 ~ 2002Studying at Zunyi No. 1 High School


1996 ~ 1999Studying at Zunyi No. 7 Junior High School


Work Experience: None


Special Skills and Technical Qualifications:


I am professionally trained in finance and economics.


In addition to Mandarin, I can speak, write and read English fluently.


I had two part

?

time jobs in Taiping Company and Zhida Company, which helped me gain


some sales operation knowledge and sales planning experience.



2


语言注意点

:


简历忌过长或用词空泛,提供的信息应有用、如实,编排须整齐有系统。


Directions 30


Suppose

you

are

Tan

Wen,

English

teacher

at

Taiyuan

Institute

of

Technology.

Write

a


resume in about 100 words to apply for a new job in another city.


Sample:


Tan Wen


Taiyuan Institute of Technology


Taiyuan, Shanxi Province


Telephone: (0351) 6523787



Experience


2000 ~ Present


Working as a lecturer of English at Taiyuan Institute of Technology


Teaching

undergraduate

(non

?

English

majors)

intensive

reading,

extensive

reading,

listening,


writing


Teaching graduate (non

?

English majors) writing



Education


1997 ~ 2000


Studying at Shanghai Teacher’s University


Master of Arts in American Studies


1993 ~ 1997


Studying at Shanxi University


Bachelor of Arts in English Language and Literature


1990 ~ 1993


Studying at Mianyang Senior High School


1987 ~ 1990


Studying at Mianyang No. 5 Junior High School



Personal Data


Sex: Female


Date of Birth: June 27, 1976


Place of Birth: Mianyang, Sichuan, China


Marital Status: Married, without Child


Health: Excellent



第二章


大作文写作各类型大作文写作技巧


一、

命题作文


命题作文又叫提纲式作文,是

1996

年考研及以前使用的模式,现在再考的可 能性已非


常小了,但是它是各种写作的基础。这类作文主要可分为观点类与办法类。


1

.观点类


写作 包括三个重要的方面:内容、结构与语言。

相对说来,

考研英语写作对内容要求并


不是很高——只要围绕主题阐述,不跑题,对问题谈得是否深与透,并不是特别关注,< /p>

而提


纲式作文就更是如此。语言体现在词、句、段、篇各个方面,重在积累 。我们要帮助大家快


速提高的是结构方面。


概 括说来,观点类分为三种情形:第一种是议论,即对现存观点(通常是两种)做一选


择; 另一种是立论,即直接提出一种观点,然后来论证它;第三种是驳论,即对现有观点进


行 批驳,这种文章出现的几率不大。


第一种文章所占的比例最高,

现存的观点一般说来是两种对立的观点,

通常我们会斩钉


截铁地 选择其中的一种观点,有些时候也可以将两者巧妙地结合起来。


这种文 章通常有三种构成方法,

最常见的情况是在第一段叙述第一种人的观点,

第二段< /p>


叙述第二种人的观点,第三段做出自己的选择并下结论。


还有两种情况很类似,

都是在第一段简要叙述两种人的观点,

在第二段将 两种人的观点


展开,

再在第三段给出自己的观点;

也可以 直接在第二段就给出自己的观点并加以论证。


两种情况的区别在于现有 的两种观点与自己的观点所占的篇幅长短不同。


这里我们对几个重要的 问题再说明一下。

首先是主题句的问题,

如在叙述两种人观点时,


通常在段落中应该有这样的句子,例如:


* Different people have different views on opportunity.


* People

?

s opinions are always different once they talk about family tutoring.


其次是段落间衔接的问题,

也就是 要有过渡句。

大家细细地研究一下范文,

就能发现大


多数 时候过渡句是在后一段的段首,

但也有在前一段段末的情况。

比如说,

< p>如果第一段原来


只有一句话,那么原本多放在第二段段首的句子可能被提至第一段的 第二句话。


至于论据到底应分几点来说,一般分三点。但也有变化的时 候,比如是先说两点,

然后


举个例子——这样也很有可能取得很好的效果 。

但是要注意,

举例子一定要注意两点,

即典

型、精练。


观点类的第二种情况是立论,

在很多时 候是对事物本质的论述。

此事物可以是一项制度、


一种现象甚至是一种观 点。

通常分三段写作,

首段先对这一现象或观点作一介绍,

第二段 表


明自己的观点,

第三段下结论。

这里最重要的问题之一 就是第一段和第三段的写法,

这两段


极有可能都是两句话:第一句是段落 的主题句,第二句表示递进、

解释或者例证,

当然绝大


多 数情况下是递进——可以是时间上的自然接续,

也可以是逻辑上的顺接关系,

在实 际写作


中后一种情况占多数。


观点类的第三种情况是驳论,

比较少见。

这类文章大多分为三段,

第一段说明一种


现象、一种做法或者一种观点,第二段进行批驳,第三段下结论。这里 有两个重要问题,一


是批驳句出现的位置,

二是批驳句的性质问题。

批驳句绝大多数情况下出现在第二段的首句,


但也有出现在第一段末句的情形 。批驳句有第一人称作主语的主观批驳,如

I

cannot

agree


with the above opinion

;还有非人称主语句,即客观批驳,如

It is not the real case


2

.办法类


办法类文章的题目通常是以“

How to

”开头的,这 一类的文章数量相当多。办法类文章


分为三类:

第一类是社会生活中的重 大问题;

第二类是令人担忧的社会问题;

第三类是与大


学 生活紧密相连的问题。这类文章通常都有“提出问题——列举具体的解决办法——总结”


的写法。


办法类文章可以写得极其工整,

即第一、

二、三段均分三个方面来说,达到相互呼应的


情形,

比如说第 一类和第二类可分政府、

科研工作者与大众来说。

当然有的时候文章也可以


只说两种人——即政府和大众,

文章就更清晰了,

但此时要避免 单调或篇幅太短。

第三类可


以从学校、老师与学生三个方面来说。


办法类文章的变化极多,

首先末段的写法极其灵活:

可以是一句话戛然而止,

但这种情


况并不建议大家多用;

个别情况下还可以没有作为结论段的第三段,

这时的结束句必然只有


一句话,

放在第二段末尾。

这个句子一定是一个长且复杂有力量的句子,

并与上述若干点结


合紧密。


末段大多 数时候包含两个句子,

规律性很强。

首句多说问题严重或重要,

后 句则总结必


须采用上述的方法才能达到目的——这个句子可以是个倒装句、

否定句、

双重否定句甚至反


问句。总之,这时我们是想通过调整句子结 构来达到加强语气的目的。


在办法类中还可能出现个性化段落或混合模 板这些复杂的情形。

个性化段落就是提纲中


要求在先说了多种办法(通常 是三种)后再说到个人(即我)的写法。这里一个值得关注的


问题就是,

我们在说到自己时是选择上述办法之一,

还是将两种办法融合。

比较可行的做法< /p>


是选择其中的一种办法。

其后的问题就是,

在说明理由时,

这段是否会与前面重复呢?实际


上这里只要注意将自己的独特之处写出来 就行了。


混合类模板既包括办法类模块又包括原因或后果模块,

我们一定要看清提纲,

严格按照


它来写。在学习过程中,我们应 先熟悉单一模板的写法,再在融合时多思考,多练习,这样


就一定能提高了。

< p>


二、

图表作文


图表作文在考研中总共只出现过两次,

分别是

1997

年 与

1999

年,

它是一种介于命题作


文和 图画作文之间的写作形式,再考的可能性不大,但是却对图画式作文的学习非常有益。


图表作文至少包含描述图表与解释原因两个部分,

而当前的图表作文大多还有第三 个段


落。图表作文的规律性很强,不像图画式作文那样富于变化。


1

.首段的写作


图表作文有表 格(

table

、柱形图(

bar chart

、饼状图(

pie chart

)和 折线图(

diagram


之分,后三种都是属于图表的 范畴(

chart

。不管是

chart

还是

table

,都需要进行描述,一


般放在文章 的第一部分,长度宜适中。描述数据我们要首先看看是几个变量(

A

< p>,每个变


量有几个数据(

B

,不妨 以

A*B

表示。


如果只有一个变量,有三个数据,可以描述如下:


From

the

chart

we

can

see

clearly

that

the

average

number

of

hours

a

student

spends

on


Internet per week has increased from less than two hours in 1998 to nearly four hours in 2000, and


then to 20 hours in 2004.


如果是最常见的是

< p>2*3

的情形,可以描述如下:


From the chart, we can see clearly that in a big city in China, state

?

owned houses declined


from 75% in 1990 to 60% in 1995 and then to 20% in 2000, while private houses rose from 25%


to 40% and then to 80% during the same period.


这里用了

whi le

引起从句来突显对比,是一种非常好的办法,如果用两句话来描述,也


完全可以。


如果是

1*n

n>3

)的情形,将头与尾描述出来即可,比较好的方法就是在句中描述最


后一个与第一个相比变化了多少。


碰到多变量、每个变量多数 据的情形,大家应首先进行分类,分成上升、下降两类,或


者上升、下降、不变三类,这 样问题就迎刃而解了。


2

第二段的写作


第二段是解释原因的段落。我们谈谈两个问题。


首先是过渡句这个问题。

这里不大可能放在第一段,

因为第一段不可能象有的命 题作文


那样简洁

(如只有一句)

——例如提纲式作文中的 批驳类文章中除二段首句批驳之外还有首


段末句批驳,效果很强烈。


其次就是此段的主题句

(topic

sentence )

的问题。此句或主观或客观并无拘束,只要上下


文风格统一即可。


主观:

We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.


I believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon.


In my mind, the reasons why the overseas students are on the rise are as follows.


主观之变体(使用插入语,突显主语)

Three

reasons,

we

believe,

can

account

for

this


phenomenon.


Three reasons, I believe, can account for this phenomenon.


Three reasons, I firmly believe, can account for this phenomenon.


注意

:

插入语的使用属于看似平淡却极富功力的技巧,可以达到很好的效果。


主观之变体(使用插入语)

Three reasons, in my mind, can account for this phenomenon.


客观:

Several reasons can account for this phenomenon.


在主题句之后 ,

可以使用连接词分两个、

三个或四个方面来写,

其中分三个方面 来写最


为常见。

这里就与普通的说明文与议论文一样了——可以由最重要 的到最不重要的,

也可以


由最不重要的到最重要的,也可能平行分布,依 具体情况而定,不一而足。


3

第三段的写作


第三段直接写结论的情况已基本没有了。

如果这篇文章讲的是一个令人担忧的问题,


么这一段写 解决办法的可能性最大。


如果这篇文章讲的是一个好的变化,

那么这一段很可能是两种情况——可能写负面的影


响或存在的问题,或者写未来趋 势或发展方向。


咱们看看很象利弊类的情况,如一篇文章的第三段:

< br>上述情况均是依提纲而定,

提纲中如果没有第三点,

那么一般说来,

若是问题则写办法,


若是好事则写展望,根据具体情况而定。


三、

图画作文


图画作文在最近八年中考了七次,

可谓占据了大作文的 统治地位。

图画作文可分为


图片、

漫画与照片等多种。图 画作文总体上比图表作文的结构变化更多,更为灵活,因此难


度也更大。


1

.描述图画


图画作文对图画 的描述应在第一段进行,

且最好在首句即开始。

此类作文大部分是一幅

< p>
图,也会有两幅图出现的情况。如果出现两幅图,则很有可能是突显对比的情况。


图画上可能没有任何文字,

也可能在上面出现了一句话,

也可以单个人物说话或两个人


物对话,

也可能在图画外写了总结性的一句 话。

大家注意,

这一句话或两句话一般是非常重


要的,应 予译出。


一般说来,对图画的描写不必过长,应以简练、准确为标准。


Directions

:


Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the picture,


2. interpret the meaning of the picture;


3. make your comments.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.



踢皮球



[

审题

]

图画题最常见 的有两种情况,一是写世间的哲理,一是写常见的社会现象或社会问


题,这里是后一种情 形。简单的图画,深刻的寓意——这是当前图画题最主要的趋势之一。


拿到这个题目后,

我们认为它和其它的一些题目反映的情况不尽相同——随着市场经济

< p>
的发展,

顾客被生产者和销售商推来搡去的现象已大有改观,

所以我 们可以这样来安排全文


——首段描述图画,

次段以自身感受为基础描述过 去的这种情形,

第三段写现在已经大为改


善的情况,末段下结论。




Sample:



The picture describes a match of kicking the ball: the person on the left has just killed the ball


toward

the

person

on

the

right,

who

has

already

been

ready

to

kick

the

ball

back.

A

close


examination will help us find out that this is a match between the producer and the seller

both


of them refuse to take on the responsibility whenever the customer reports a problem.


We can

t forget those days in the past when we went shopping. The shop assistant was so cold


and

indifferent

that

we

usually

had

to

wait

for

long.

We

often

had

no

right

of

comparing

and


selecting. Later when we found there was something wrong with the product, the chance of getting


it exchanged was slim, not to mention returning it to the shop. The shop always said the producer


was to blame, and if we went to the producer directly, the latter would say that it was not common


practice for a customer to contact the producer. Even if we finally succeeded in exchanging the


product, it always took too much time and wasted too much energy.


In

the

present

environment

of

market

economy,

we

are

happy

to

see

that

the

situation

in

our


nation has improved significantly. When a customer is not satisfied with a product, he is entitled to


return it to the store and get refunded during a certain period of time. If that time limit has passed,


the customer still has the right to get the product exchanged.


In this era of fast economic development, both the producer and the seller should first cater to


the needs of the customer. Anyone who fails to do so will be driven out of the market sooner or


later.



[

点评

]

首段先写看到 一场足球比赛,而后仔细一看,原来是生产者和销售商在产品质量出


现问题时将消费者推 来搡去。


第二段用六句话描述我们曾经有过的痛苦的经历。

< p>第一句话是个引子。

第二、

三句话描


写购物时不愉快 的经历。第四句话说发现质量问题后,要换非常麻烦,更用不着说是退了。


第五句话生动 地再现了销售者和生产商都拒绝负责的情形。

最后一句话说即使最后商品得以

调换,也花费了大量的时间和精力——话语中充满了无奈。


第三段 说现在的情况已大幅改善。

顾客有权在一段时间内退货,

如果期限已过,

也可以


换货。段中

be entitled to

表示“有权利做某事”

refund

表示“退款”


最后一段是总结。

第一句话说在这个快速经济发展 的时期,

生产商和销售商都应该把顾


客的需求放在首位。第二句话反过来 说,任何做不到的人都迟早会被市场淘汰。



[

心得

]

首段由远及近 的写法非常有效。第二段以时间为线索,描述了过去不愉快的经


历。这一段以时间为线索 ,所以即使句子较多,也丝毫不显得凌乱。第三段说明了现在的情


形,与第二段形成鲜明 的对比。末段正说加反说的办法很有说服力。


2

.图画类作文结构分析


从七 年的图画作文提纲来看,可以看出,

出题越来越合理,越来越符合规律,我们来看


一下。


年份

提纲

分析


1998

1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.


2. Give your comments.

首段描述图画。


第二段和第三段分别写原因和危害。


2000

1. Describe the pictures.


2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.


3. Suggest your counter

?

measures.

首段描述图画。


第二段推测绘画者意图。


第三段提出解决办法。


2001

1. Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,


2. Give a specific example, and


3. Give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.

首段描述图画、指出图画的象征


意义。


第二段举例说明主题。


第三段指出献爱心的最好办法,深化主题。


2002

1. Describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and


2. Give your comment on the phenomenon.

第一段描述图画。


第二段解释含义。


第三段对此现象做出评论。


2003

1. Describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and


2. Point out its implications in our life.

第一段描述图画。


第二段类比于生活中孩子的教育问题,并分析此现象出现的原因。


第三段做结。


2004

1) Describe the drawing


2) Interpret its meaning, and


3) Support your view with examples.

第一段是描述图画。


第二段是类比于人类一条永恒的真理。


第三段是举例说明。


2005

1) Describe the drawing,


2) Interpret its meaning, and


3) Give your comment on it.

第一段是描述图画。


第二段是类比于孩子不孝敬老人的现象。


第三段发表评论。


我们想象中的最典型最理想的图画题提纲应该是下面这样:


1

描述图画


2

推导绘画者的意图


3

做出评论


对于这一提纲我们来做具体分析,

其中第三点更要细致研究。

首 先由图画引出一种社会


现象或社会问题,

可以是好的,

也 可以是不好的。

在推导绘画者的意图时多是展开说此现象


或问题的表现,

以证明其引人注目。

还有一种可能性是说此现象或问题产生的原因,

提纲可


直接列出,

或还用上述提纲。

这时可把简单意图 推导直接放到第一段描述图画之后,

而在第


二段中说原因。


第三段做出评论,有可能只是简单评论、深化主题就结束,但这种可能性越来越小了 。


这一部分很可能说的是办法,

不好的事情就是如何解决的办法,

好的事情就是如何进一步发


展的方法。


通过上述列表,

我们可以看出,

多年以来,

真实的提纲是怎样一 步步地向我们想象中的


理想模式靠近的。对于提纲里面出现的变化和规律,我们来分析一 下。


我们仔细分析,

会发现历年考研真题基本上都呈现

“现象或问题——原因解释——解决


办法”

这样的模式,

但变化非常多。

因为我们谈论的既可以是一件值得弘扬的好事,也可能

< p>
是一个令人忧心忡忡的社会问题;

针对后者我们极有可能需要提出做法;

< p>而对于前者,

可能


解释一下就结束了,也可能要写出相应的做法。< /p>


综上所述,可以看出,比起图表作文来,图画作文要更灵活,更富于变化 。我们一定要


多练习,以达到一看到图画(含图中和图边文字)和提纲(有时有文章标题 )就能有效地审


题解题,构造出合理的具体段落的目的。


这里面还有个问题,就是举例子,近年来已明确出现了两次,这一点大家一定要多练习。



Directions1


Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the two pictures,


2. interpret their meaning, and


3. point out the reasons for such phenomenon.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.



审题:


这道题包含两幅对比鲜明的图画,指令 要求在描述图画后阐明含义并给出该现象的原


因。我们应该这样来构造全文:

< p>第一段描述图画;

第二段发表自己对图画的看法;

第三段给

< br>出该现象的原因;第四段下结论,简要提出解决问题的办法。

经过学习之后,大家就会知道


这是一个极为重要的模式,请大家用心掌握。


Sample:


As is depicted by the two pictures, a sharp contrast is shaped between the parents and the son.


In the left drawing, the parents are working hard in the field, bending over and sweating heavily.


Near

them

is

a

basket

with

very

simple

food

in

it.

However,

in

the

right

drawing,

their

son

is


squandering the money on luxurious food and chatting on mobile phone.


How

pitiful

the

parents

are!

They

spare

no

efforts

to

earn

money

in

order

to

support

their


son’s study and life in university. They seem to be willing to do everything that is helpful to their


beloved son. But, in return, the son spends the money as he likes without knowing how hard his


parents work for it and how he should use it to better prepare himself for future career.


In my opinion, the reasons for this phenomenon come down to one essential point

failure of


both family and school education. For one thing, quite a lot of Chinese parents spoil their children.


All parents’ love for child

ren is the same, but different

is the way of showing it. Many parents


hope

too

much

that

their

children

will

have

a

bright

future,

which,

in

their

eyes,

means

key


universities,

hot

majors,

good

salaries

and

so

on. So

they

try

their

best

to

satisfy

the

chil

dren’s


demands

instead

of

teaching

them

to

struggle

for

future

with

their

own

hands.

For

another,


centered

on

exam

marks,

the

school

education

also

fails,

to

a

large

extent,

to

impart

moral


standards to the children, especially the conception of self

?

reliance and hard struggle.


In a word, to change the phenomenon described by the above pictures, a reform in our current


education system is not only necessary but urgent.


点评:


第一段的重点是在描述时突出两幅图画之间强烈的反差,所以这里专门加上了第一句

< br>话。这一段在用词上也很考究。

第二段强烈地表达了自己的感想。

首句使用 了感叹句。

而后


先说父母竭尽全力挣钱供孩子读书,

后说 孩子不知父母辛苦,

不懂得如何正确利用父母的血


汗钱。

第三段给出了该现象的原因——家庭和学校教育的失败,

而后分为两方面来说,

结 构


极为清晰。最后一段只有一句话,掷地有声——要想改变现状,只能改革当前的教育体 系。


心得:


全文一气呵成,

读来倍感畅快。

从描述图画,

到发表评论,

到给出 原因,

再到解决办法,


可谓浑然一体。既有全局的考虑,又有细微处语言 的运用,该文值得大家细细品味。



Directions 2


Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the picture, and


2. point out the reasons why more and more foreigners like to live in China.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.




审题:


《西湖晨景》

该题目非 常简洁,

在提纲中已给出文章的主题,

即越来越多的外国人喜爱

< br>在中国生活——在描述图画后,给出原因即可。


Sample:


What

an

attractive

scene

it

is!

On

such

a

peaceful

and beautiful

morning

by

West

Lake,

a


middle

?

aged

foreigner

is

jogging

he

is

enjoying

the

fresh

air,

cool

breeze

and

charming


scenery. From this picture, we can see clearly that the foreigner enjoys life in this Chinese city,


Hangzhou.


As a matter of fact, in the past few years, more and more foreigners have chosen to live in


China.

Some

work

here,

some

pursue

their

study

in

universities

and

even

some

join

volunteer


activities in China. The reasons why more and more foreigners like to live in China can be listed


as

follows.

To

begin

with,

since

China

s

reform

and

opening

?

up

in

1978,

our

country

has


witnessed

great

progress

in

nearly

all

aspects

of

the

society,

especially

in

economy,

which


provides

a

far

better

environment

of

working,

investing

and

studying

for

foreigners.

Second,


economic globalization has made cultural blending possible and necessary. Foreigners have come


to know more and more about Chinese culture and become influenced by it, which has formed the


important basis of their living in China. Last but not the least, it is obvious that with every effort


we

have

made

in

environmental

protection,

our

country

has

become

a

place

more

and

more


suitable and pleasant to live in.


In my opinion, the arrival of foreigners brings more chances and opportunities of economic


development. So why not seize such chances to embrace our bright future?


点评:


第一段描述图画。这 一段写得非常精彩,

先以感叹句开头,而后描述图画,

最后小结—


—这位外国人喜爱在杭州的生活。


第二段前两句总结了外国人 来我国的现象。

第三句是原因类的模板句,

而后分三点来说:

第一点是说改革开放后我国经济发展迅速,给外国人提供了很好的工作、投资和学习环境;

< br>第二点是说经济全球化促进文化融合——外国人对中国文化了解更多,

这构成了他们在中国


生活的重要基础;第三点是说环境保护效果显著,居住条件自然改善了。


最后一段说外国人的到来带到了更多的经济发展的机会,

所以为什么不抓 住这些机会来


拥抱我们美好的明天呢?


心得:


要写出好文章,

首先要 对文章的基本结构非常熟悉,

而后再做出一些变化,

这些变化通

< br>常就是亮点。

比如第一段先使用了一个感叹句,

立即吸引了读者的注意力。

第三段第二句使


用了反问句,效果非常强烈。


Directions 3


Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the drawing,


2. analyze the reasons why it is difficult for university graduates to find a job, and


3. point out the possible ways to solve the problem.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.



审题:


《招员工七名》

这篇文章关注的是当前重要的就业难问 题。它的要求非常明确,在描


述图画后,先给出原因,再给出解决办法,这是非常常见的 文章模式。


Sample:


The recruiting fair in the above drawing is filled with young graduates each holding a pile of


resumes in their hands. Around a desk in the front of the drawing, there are dozens of students


waiting

to

hand

in

their

resumes

but

only

seven

are

wanted

by

the

company

as

is

written

on

a


board beside the desk.


It is clear that the drawer wants to draw our attention to the difficulty that today’s university


graduates

are

faced

with

in

finding

a

job.

In

fact,

in

many

universities

and

colleges,

the


employment rate of graduates is lower than 50% and much fewer can find a satisfactory job. The


reasons for this situation can be listed as follows. In the first place, the enrolment expansion of


universities and colleges has resulted in a great increase in the number of graduates every year,


which has exceeded the increase in positions in the job market. What makes things worse is that


quite a lot of students like to choose those hot majors when they enter the university and to look


for jobs in big developed cities when they graduate. So it is even more difficult for them to find a


suitable job.


From my point of view, the society and the graduates need to join their hands in the endeavor


to

solve

this

problem.

On

the

one

hand,

the

society

should

continue

to

focus

on

economic


development so as to provide bigger employment chances for the graduates. On the other hand,


the students should choose the majors that they are really

interested in and well capable of and


broaden their horizon when looking for jobs. Only in this way can they gain larger space for their


future career.


点评:


该文分为三段,

第一段描述图画,第二段对此问题进行了小结,而后给出了原 因。

第三


段提出了解决问题的办法。

< br>第一段共用两句话,

第一句是远景,

第二句由远及近,

展示 了求职者之多与实际招聘人


数之少。

第二段共分六句话,

前两句总结了大学毕业生就业难这一情况,

第三句话是原因类


的模板句。

第四句话说扩招带来的影响。

第五句话和第六句话说大学生选择热门的专业,

使


就业难的矛盾更加突出。

第三段共分四句话,

第一句话是总括句,

说社会和毕业生应携起手


来解决问题,而后分两句 话分别说明。最后一句话是总结,使用了语气强烈的倒装句。


心得:


这是常考的模式,望大家用心学习。


Directions 4


Study the following table carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the table,


2.

suggest

possible

solutions

to

the

problem

of

the

heavy

burden

of

university

tuition

in


China.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.



国家


美国


英国


中国


大学年平均学费


4

700

美元


1

500

英镑


7

500


国民人均年收入


35

000

美元


15

000

英镑


7

500


比值


1/8


1/10


1



审题:


在审题的环节中,我们应当将读图表( 图画)和看提纲有机地结合起来。有的时候,提


纲中会把文章的主题直接给出来,

这时我们文章的整体布局就会容易得多。

在这道题的提纲


中,就 出现了“中国大学学费负担沉重的问题”的字样,这就是该文的主题,我们的文章应


该围 绕它展开。


Sample:


From

the

above

table

we

can

see

that

in

America

and

Britain

the

ratio

of

average

annual


tuition of universities to gross national income per capita is about 1 to 10, but astonishingly that in


China is 1. That is to say, the burden of university tuition on Chinese families is nearly ten times


heavier than that on American or British families. As a matter of fact, most Chinese families feel it


difficult to afford the high tuition of their children, and some absolutely cannot afford it, which has


received more and more concern from all over the country.


In order to solve this problem, I strongly suggest the following solutions. First and foremost,


it is a must to reduce the cost of higher education. We need to cut down the staff in universities,


most

of

whom

now

have

a

disproportionately

large

number

of

administrators.

The

now


widespread

corruption

should

also

be

eliminated

in

universities,

such

as

unnecessary

tours

and


banquets

at

public

expense.

Moreover,

much

importance

should

be

attached

to

the

reform

of


management

system

of

higher

education.

The

national

government

should

not

only

increase


financial investment in higher education but also optimize the distribution of such money.


To

sum

up,

it

is

high

time

to

pay

enough

attention

to

the

problem

of

the

heavy

burden

of


university tuition in our country, and to solve it a comprehensive educational reform is essential.


点评:


该文共分三段,第一段是描述表格,第 二段是给出解决办法,第三段是总结。


第一段是对表格进行描述——这 时我们不一定要把每个数据都描述出来,

而是要抓住问


题的关键。

这个表格的关键就是体现我国大学学费太高,

依据就是学费与国民人均年收入之


比。美国与英国处于差不多的水平,

所以放在一起说就可以了。该段共分三句话,

第一句将


比例描述出来,

第二句作出比较——中国家庭负 担的大学学费是英美国家的十倍之多。

第三


句进一步说明我国大部分家庭 感觉负担较重,有些家庭根本就负担不起。


第二段提出解决办法,

第一句是模板句,

之后分两方面来说。

第一方面说的是减少高等


教育的成本,分为两个方面,一是减员增效,

二是消除腐败。

第 二方面说的是高教管理体制


的改革。国家应加强高等教育的投资,并合理配置这些资金。


最后一段是总结,说解决大学学费成为沉重负担问题正值其时,全面改 革势在必行。


心得:


提纲中 如果出现文章主题,一定要把握住,这直接决定了文章的谋篇布局。


描述图表时不一定要面面俱到,只要抓住重点即可。

< br>写原因或解决办法的段落时条理一定要清楚,

一般分为三点

(也有两点或四 点的情况)


不一定是权威的解释,

我们并非是专门研究 该问题的专家,

阅卷老师也不会太苛求,

只要符


合情理即 可。关键是语言表达一定要准确,如果要拿高分就一定要有出彩的地方。


Directions 5


Study the following reportage carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. interpret the reportage,


2. point out the reasons for the problem, and


3. suggest possible ways to solve the problem.


You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.



题目:


本报记者报 道自

20

世纪

70

年代末以来,

中 国的离婚率持续上升。

离婚水平已超过邻国


日本和韩国,

与新加坡同属亚洲离婚率较高的国家。

这是近日中国社会科学院人口学专家唐

灿发布的调研报告中指出的。

这份报告还写到,

2003< /p>

年北京市统计年鉴公布的数据,

2002


年北京市的离婚总 数为

38756

对,当年户籍人口为

1136.3

万,粗离婚率达到

6.82

?;当年


的结婚对数为

76136

对,由此计算离结率高达

50.90%

。也就 是说,这一年平均不到两对夫


妻结婚就有一对夫妻离婚,北京市的离婚率已经成为全国最 高。


审题:


这是一道相当特 殊的题目,

是就一段汉语的新闻报道命题,

提纲却是传统的模式。

这类


形式题目出现的比率不大,我们在本书中穿插了个别这样的题目主要是为了拓展大家 的视


野,

而且这类题目所涉及的主题也是非常重要的,

很 有可能以图画题或图表题等主流形式考


察到。


Sample:


According to the above news report, the divorce rate in China keeps increasing since 1970

s,


and

now

is

higher

than

that

in

Japan

and

Korea.

It

was

also

reported

that

the

ratio

of

divorced


couples to married couples reached 1 to 2 in 2002 in Beijing.


From my point of view, the problem of high divorce rate in our country can be analyzed from


three perspectives. To begin with, owing to economic development and women’s

liberation, the


traditional family mode has changed greatly. Now in most cases the two parties of a marriage are


psychologically and economically independent. Second, because of the higher living standard and


one

?

child policy, many young people have shaped a self

?

centered personality, which is liable


to result in lack of

mutual

care and understanding. Third, when all the social

members become


more and more open

?

minded, people are less restricted to the traditional conception of marriage.


Third parties, extramarital love and online marriage all pose great threats to the legal marriage.


As we all know, healthy marriages are beneficial not only to the couples themselves, but also


to the growth of the children and to the stability of the whole society. Therefore, it is worthwhile


to

make

efforts

to

reduce

the

divorce

rate.

Before

they

get

married,

young

couples

should

be


emotionally and psychologically well prepared for all possible conditions and changes in marriage.


Furthermore, school and family education should help enhance the sense of responsibility, which


is not only the key to a healthy marriage but also to a successful career.


点评:


文章共分三段。

第一段是将新闻报道中最重要的信息提炼出来,

这是看大家的基本功是


否扎实。第二段给出了该现象的原因。第三段是解决问题的办法。

第一段共有两句话,

第一句话说国内的离婚率一路攀升,

已超过了日本和韩国 。

第二句


话说北京的离结率已高达

1

∶< /p>

2


第二段是写原因的段落,

< p>共分三个方面来写。

第一点写传统家庭模式的巨大变化。

第二


点写年轻人以自我为中心的人格的形成,

容易导致相互关爱与理解的缺失。

第三点说人们的


传统婚姻家庭观念的松动。


第三段写解决办法。

先说健康的婚姻对夫妻、

孩子和社会均有益,

推导至减少离婚率是


很有意义的事。

首先说年轻人应在结婚时做好准备,

以应对婚姻中的各种情形及变化。

另外,


学校和家庭教育 应着重加强他们的责任感,这对婚姻和事业都是大有益处的。

该文是特殊


的出题方式,如果我们考试中遇到特殊的形式,也不必慌乱,

一定要看清楚具体 的要求,这


样就可以有的放矢了。

看到熟悉的方式甚至题目,

< p>也不要过于欣喜,

一定要把优势转化成胜


势。


心得:


该文有许多好的语言点值得学习。


首段的

news report

相当于提纲中的

reportage

,意思是“新闻报道”

< p>
次段首句的

perspective

意思是“角度”

。第四句的

one

?

child policy

表 示“计划生育的


一孩政策”

self

?

centered

personality

表示“以自我为中心 的个性”

mutual

care

and < /p>


understanding

表示“相互关爱和理解”

。第 五句中的

open

?

minded

表示“思想开明 的”

。第


六句中的

pose great threats to

表示“对??构成重大威胁”


第三段中的

enhance the sense of responsibility

表示“加强责任感”



Directions 6


Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should:


1. describe the two pictures,

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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