-
第
16
讲
图表说明文
图表分类：
1.
< p>数字表、函数关系图、曲线图(graph)
；
2.
表格
(table)
；
3.
几何图形
(figure)
；
4.
图形表、
饼状图
(pie chart)
；
5.
条状图、
柱状图
(bar chart)
；
6.
< p>平面图、示意图、
外形图
(diagram)
。
图表说明文一般可分三个层次来写：
1.
< p>按照题目要求描述图表反映的总情况，即概括大
意。
2.
< p>对数字进行仔细的比较，抓住特点进行分析、
归纳并找出产生变化的原因。< /p>
3.
可写读图
表后的想法、结论、评论或针对反映出的问题
采取的解决措施。
注意：
1.
考生应仔 细研究题目及提示信息，认清图表中的
数字、线条、阴影
等部分的变
化趋势和走向，
抓住其主要特点，
然后根据图表所显示的中心信息确定 内容层次以及主题句。
2
．
考生应仔细 研究图表所给出的大量信息，
从中选取最重要、
最有代表性的信息，
然后根据全文的主旨去组织运用所获取的关键信息。切忌简单地罗列图表所给出的信息。
一、写作常识
1
．常用的描述句型
(1)The table/chart/diagram/graph shows
(that)
．
..
(2)According to
the table/chart/diagram/graph...
(3)As
is shown in the table/chart/diagram/graph...
(4)As can be seen from the
table/chart/diagram/graph/figures...
(5)We can see from the
figures/statistics...
(6)It is clear/
apparent from the figures/statistics...
2
．图表中数据
(data)
的具体表达法
< /p>
(1)
数据
(data)
在某一个时间段固 定不变：
fixed in time
(2)
在一系列的时间段中转变：
changes over time
(3)
增加：
increase/ raise/rise/...
(4)
减少：
decrease/grow down/drop/fall/decline
(5)
稳定：
remain stable
3
．描写变化的形容词及副词
(1) rapid/rapidly
(2)
dramatic/dramatically
1
/
4
(3) significant/significantly
(4) sharp/sharply
(5)
steep/steeply
(6) steady/steadily
(7) gradual/gradually
(8)
slow/slowly
(9) slight/slightly
(10) stable/stably
二、写作模板
As (is)
shown/indicated by the figure/in the
table/graph/pie
chart/chart
，
(
讨论议题
) has been
increased/decreased
significantly/steadily from to. From the sharp
decline/rise in the chart
，
it goes
without saying that.
There
are at least two reasons accounting for. On the
one hand
，
.On the other hand
，
is due to
the
fact
that.
In
addition
，
is
responsible
for.
Maybe
there
are
other
reasons
to
show.
But
it
is
generally believed
that the above mentioned reasons are commonly
convincing.
As
far
as
I
am
concerned
，
I
hold
the
view
that.
I
am
sure
my
opinion
is
both
sound
and
well-grounded.
经典语篇
最近你校对中学生的消费情况进行了
调查。请根据调查表提供的信息写一篇英语短文，简要
介绍调查结果并谈谈你对中学生消
费的看法。词数：
100
左右。
佳作欣赏
As
can be seen from the diagram
above
，
nowadays middle school students spend most of their
pocket
money on
snacks
，
clothes
，
things for entertainment and social communications.
However
，
they seldom buy learning resources. Furthermore
，
some of them are free to buy
whatever they like without
considering the income of their family and their
needs.
2
/
4