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高中英语
写作：图表类作文
【写作宝典】
此类题目基本不要求考生对写作
内容进行发挥，主要是将所给信息准确连贯地表达出
来，连词成句，扩句成文。同时主要
考查同学们三方面的能力：信息处理或整理的能力；组
词造句能力；连句成文能力。
图表式作文的形式
一、表格形式
将统计的数据或被说明的事物直接用表格形式体现出来，即统计表。
二、图形形式
A.
表示数据变化的曲线图；
B.
表示数据的大小或数量之间的差异的条形图和柱状图；
C.
表示总体内部结构变化的扇形图。
图标式作文的写作步骤
第一步：开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题
常使用的词汇有：
table,
chart, figure, graph, describe/ tell, show,
represent
等。
常用句型：
1. The graph/chart/table above shows...
2. From the above graph/chart, it can be seen that...
3. As is shown in the graph,...
4. The chart/table shows the differences between...
第二步：分析数据间的主要差异及趋势
在描写
数据间变化及总趋势特征时，
可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题，
并阐明必要的< /p>
理由。注意层次，即
facts and reasons
。
常用转折，对比及比较的词汇：
while,
but,
on
the
contrary,
however,
compare
with,
in
contrast
to
,as...as,
the
same
as,
be
similar to, be difference
between, among, more than, less
than
。
常用描写趋势变化的词汇：
increase,
rise,
go
up,
reduce,
drop,
go
down,
fall,
reach,
remain,
by/to,
slowly,
slightly,
gradually, sharply,
rapidly, the number of…,
from…to
；还常用比较级，倍数句型等。
常用句型：
Facts:
1. There was a great /slight increase
/rise
in…
2. There has
been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in…
3. It is 20% lower/higher than…
4. The number/rate has nearly doubled,
as against that of last year.
5. The
number is …times as much as that of…
6. It increases/rises/decreases/reduces
by…/…% / two th
irds.
7. By
comparison with…,
it decreased/increased/fell from…to…
Reasons:
1. The reason
for…is that…
2. One may think of
the change as a result of…
3.
The change in…largely results from the fact
that…
4. There are several
causes for this significant grow
th in….First,….Second,…
5. This
brings out the important fact that…
第三步：归纳总结或发表评论
(
展望未来或提出方法或建议
)
。
常用词汇：
1. In a word, /In short, /Generally
speaking
2. It’s clear from the chart that…
3. In summary, it is important…
4. From what has been discussed abo
ve, we can draw the conclusion that…
5. Obviously, if we want to…, it is necessary…
6. There is no doubt that attention
must be paid…
请你根据下表提供的信息写一篇题为
Changes in Chinese
People’s Diet
的短文。
注意：
1.
尽可能少引用数据；
2. 100
词左右。
Grain
Milk
Meat
Fruit and
vegetables
Total
100%
100%
100%
100%
100%
2009
年
43%
13%
25%
19%
2010
年
42%
14%
25%
19%
2011
年
41%
14.5%
26%
18.5%
2012
年
41%
14.5%
26.5%
18%
2013
年
40%
15%
27.5%
17.5% <
/p>
分析本统计表，描述中国人民从
2009
年至
2013
年饮食结构的变化。
答案：
There have been some changes in the
diet of the Chinese people.
Grain, the
main food of the most people in China, is now
playing a less important role. The
amount of fruit and vegetables in the
average person’s diet has also dropped by 1.5
percent from
2009 to 2013. The amount
of milk and meat has increased. The changes in
diet can be explained
by the following
reasons. For one thing, with the development of
the economy, people can afford
to buy
better foods. For another, people have realized
the importance of a balanced diet.
In a
word, the changes are the signs o
f the improvement in people’s lives. There is no doubt
that there will be greater
changes in people’s diet in the future.
思路分析：
短文可分为三段：
1. S
tate the changes in people’s diet in the past five years;
2.
Give possible reasons for the changes;
3. Draw your own conclusions.
第一步：点明主题
There have
been some changes in the diet of the Chinese
people.
第二步：观察图表中数据的增减总趋势，分类式阐明，并说明原因。