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大学洗衣店天津商业大学考研语言学及翻译(804)A卷

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2020-12-14 20:45
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2020年12月14日发(作者:高歌)


天津商业大学

2015

年研究生入学考试试题



业:外国语言学及应用语言学


课程名 称:

语言学及翻译

804

5

1


说明:答案标明题号写在答题纸上,写在试题纸上的无效。


Linguistics (100 marks)


I.

Studying

linguistics,

we

have

come

across

a

lot

of

technical

terms,

some

of


which

are

listed

below.

Please

write

out

the

most

acceptable

definitions

for


each of them. (10 %)


1) applied linguistics

2) displacement

3) cultural transmission


4) open class words

5) free morpheme

6) syntax

7) superordinate


8) locutionary act

9) acronyms

10) intercultural communication


II.

Studying

linguistics

we

have

been

acquainted

with

many

linguists,

some

of


whom

are

listed

below.

Write

out

a

phrase

that

may

best

represent

their


contributions to linguistics.

10%


1) Ferdinand de Saussure

2)

M. A. K. Halliday;

3) Edward Sapir;


4) Paul Grice

5) Noam Chomsky.


III. Linguistics as a specified discipline has its own technical ways of operation.


Try to fill the blanks to demonstrate your technical sense of linguistics. (15%)


1.

The

study

of

1)__________

used

in

linguistic

communication

led

to

the


establishment of phonetics.


2.

When the study of meaning is

conducted, not in

isolation, but in the context of


language

use,

it

becomes

another

branch

of

linguistic

study

called


2)___________.


3.

Language exists in time and changes through time. The description of a language


1


业:外国语言学及应用语言学


课程名称:语言学及翻译(

804

5

2



at some point of time in history is a 3) _____________ study; the description of


a language as it changes through time is a 4) ____________ study.


4.

Please give the phonetic symbol for each of the following sound descriptions:


voiced labiodental fricative: 5)________;

voiceless alveolar stop: 6)________;


voiced bilabial nasal: 7)__________.


5.

The type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a


register, which is determined by three social variables: 8) ________ of discourse,


9) _________ of discourse, and 10) _______ of discourse.


6.

In sociolinguistic studies, speakers are regarded as members of social groups. The


social

group that

is

singled out

for any

special

study is

called the 11)________


___________.


7.

A 12) ________

_________ is a linguistic variety used by people living in the


same

geographical

region

while

13)________

_________,

which

is


characteristic

of

a

particular

social

class,

has

to

do

with

separation

brought


about by different social conditions.


8.

An American linguist, Martin Joos, distinguishes five stages of formality, namely,


(1) 14)_________, (2) casual, (3) consultative, (4) formal,

(5) 15) _________.


IV

. To be a student of linguistics, one needs to develop a sense of critical thinking.


Please answer the following questions to demonstrate your critical potentials.


(35%)


1.

From the generally accepted definition of language, we learn that

Language is a


system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.

How would


you explain that language is arbitrary? Is language entirely arbitrary?


2.

Explain the ambiguity of the following sentence by providing two sentences that


2

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