行政管理论文范文考研英语图表作文写作方法和模板

图作文

图作文又可分为三种：圆形图作文、曲线图作文和条状图作文。

(1)

圆形图作文

圆形图

(Pie

c hart)

也称为饼状图或圆面分割图。圆形图因为比较形象和直观，各部分空

< br>间大小差别容易分辨，所以常用来表示总量和各分量之间的百分比关系。整个圆表示总量，

楔形块表示分量。

有时圆形图还有数值表，

两者结合可把各分量表示得更 准确、

清楚。

例如：

This is a pie chart of the average weekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can be

see

from

the

chart,

the

main

expenditure

of

an

average

British

family

is

spent

on

food,

which

accounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transport

and housing, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we take into account clothing and footwear,

which makes up 10%, the four essentials of life, that is, food, transport, housing, and clothing and

footwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure.

(2)

曲线图作文

曲线图

(Line graph)

也称为线性图或坐标图。

曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的发展

过程和趋势。

一般来 说，

曲线所呈现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更有意义。

曲线图有

一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，

然后再看纵轴所 显示的意义。

同时必须

找出线条所反映的最高或最低的变化。例如：

这个曲线图的横轴代表

1990

年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故

曲线图 上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份升到了最高点

(39)

此后一直呈下降的趋势，

十二月份降到了最低点

( 16)

。

可见，

1990

年的交通事故的数量总体

上呈下降的趋势。

(3)

条形图作文

条形图

(Bar graph)

也称为立柱图或圆柱图。条形图由 宽度相同但长度不同的条块代表不

同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时，常用不同颜色来区 分。条形图主要用来表示：

1)

同一项

目在不同时间的量

;2)

同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵

横各代表什么量，

每一个刻度所代表的值是多少，

最后找出图中 各长条所表示的数据及各长

条间的相互关系。例如：

左边的条形图的横轴代表时间，纵轴代表期望寿命

(Life

Expectancy)

，这一条形图想要

体现的是同一项目

(

期望寿命

)

在不同时间的量。右边的条形图的横轴也 是代表时间，纵轴是

代表婴儿的死亡率

(Infant

Mortality)

，这一条形图想要体现的也是同一项目

(

婴 儿的死亡率

)

在不同时间的量。左边的条形图表明

199 0

年的人均期望寿命比

1960

年的人均期望寿命长

20

岁，而

1990

年的婴儿死亡率比

1960

年的婴儿死亡率下降了

50%

。

学习好资料

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第二节

图表作文的出题形式

例

1

题目：

Changes in People’s Diet

Study the following table carefully and your composition must be based on the information

given in the table. Write three paragraphs to :

1. state the changes in people’s diet (

饮食

) in the past five years;

2. give possible reasons for the changes;

3. draw your own conclusions.

You should quote as few figures as possible.

例

2

题目：

Car Accidents Declining in Walton City

Remember that your composition must be written according to the following outline;

1. Rise and fall of the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;

2. Possible reason(s) for the decline of car accidents in the city;

3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.

Your composition should be no less than 120 words and you should quote as few figures as

possible.

例

3 For this part

, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Health Gain in

Developing

Countries.

Your

composition

must

be

no

less

than

120

words

and

you

should

base

your composition on the following instructions (given in Chinese):

1.

以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命

(life

expectancy)

和婴儿死亡率

(infant

mortality)

的变化情况

2.

说明引起变化的各种原因

从以上例子可见，

图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、

圆形

图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给出提示，要求我们：

1)

用文字描述图 表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势

;

2)

就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或后果。

第三节

图表作文的写作要领

图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映 的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，

对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，

并提出结论或看法。

因此，

图表作文常常

采用 议论文体的写作方法。

写好图表作 文，

关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，

把握各信息间的联系，

用准确

流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息发表自己的看法。

图表作文的写作步骤

写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：

1)

认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间 的关系

;

2)

确定 文章的主题思想，

构思出文章的基本框架，

筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数< /p>

据

;

3)

编列文章的提纲

;

4)

根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各 个段落组成文章，注意段

与段之间的衔接与过渡

;

5)

检查与修改。

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图表作文的篇章结构

写图表作文时，

常采用三段式的谋篇 方式。

文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反

映什么问题或趋势，< /p>

概述图表所揭示的信息。

第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。

第 三

段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：

第一段：概述图表反映的主题思想

第二段：分析产生的原因

第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议

图表作文常用的句型

(1)

常用的开篇句型

(

即概述图表内容时常用的表达法

)

①

According to the table/pie chart/line graph/bar graph, we can see/conclude that …

根据该

表

/

图，我们可知

……

②

The table/graph reveals (shows/indicates/illustrates/ represents/points out) that …

该表

/

图表明

……

③

As we can see from the table …

As can

be seen from the line/bar graph …

As is shown (illustrated/indicated) in the pie chart …

如表

/

图所示，

……

(2)

描述增减变化常用的句型

①

Compared with … is still increased by …

②

The number of … grew/rose from … to …

③

An increase is shown in …; then came a sharp increase of …

④

In … the number remains the same/drops to …

⑤

There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990.

⑥

There

was

a

very

steady

(marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/

dramatic)

drop

(decrease/

decline/

fall/ reduction) in 1998/ compared with that of last year).

下面是根据例

2

的题目要求写的范文。

⑴

From

the

graph,

we

can

see

that

the

number

of

car

accidents

in

Walton

city

fluctuated

during the year of 1990.

⑵

The first two months of 1990 showed an increasing trend.

⑶

The rate

rose to

32 in March but

fell to

26 in June.

⑷

From June on

, the rate was rising again and reached

the peak point 39 in August.

⑸

After August the rate began to decline

remarkably

, and eventually

dropped to the lowest poin

t 16 at the end of the year.

⑹

Therefore, it’s obvious that car acci

dent in

Walton city declined in 1990.

⑴主题句

/

概述表格反映的内容⑵

—

(5)

反映交通事故的变化情况

(6)

小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势

⑺

There are several reasons for the decline.

⑻

First, a new traffic law was made and

came

into

force

.

⑼

It

provided

that

in

summer

every

car

must

be

air-conditioned.

⑽

As

a

result,

the

highest

rate

in

August,

when

humidity

and

high

temperature

make

drivers

impatient

and

easily

lead to car accidents, dropped steadily.

⑾

Second, new roads were built and some narrow streets

were widened, which quickened the flow of traffic.

⑿

Finally, the city administration made great

efforts to heighten people’s awareness of observing traffic rules.

⑺主题句⑻原 因

/

措施一⑼解释

措施一

/

次要辅助⑽采取措施一后的结果⑾原因

/

措施二⑿原因

/

措施三

⒀

With all these new measures, I’m sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go on

falling this year.

⒀总结：展望未来的情况

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第四节、

图表作文练习及其参考范文

下面是写作练习，在写作的过程中注意审题，

考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、

开头

的结尾的方法以及文章 中的过渡等。

练习

1

：

Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition of no

less than 120 words on Changes in People’s Diet. Study the following

table carefully and

your

composition must be based on the information given in the table. Write three paragraphs to:

1. state the changes in people’s diet (

饮食

) in the past five years;

2. give possible reasons for the changes;

3. draw your own conclusions.

You should quote as few figures as possible.

⑴

As is shown in the table, there have been great changes in people's diet between 1986 and

1990.

⑵

From the table, we can find that grain, formerly the main food of most Chinese people, is

now playing a less important role in people's diet.

⑶

And the same goes for fruit and vegetables.

⑷

On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food such milk and meat has increased

rapidly.

⑸

What has caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons (

主题句

)

. (6) First, people

are much wealthier than before. (7) With higher income, they can afford to buy nutritious foods.

(8)

Second,

people

have

realized

the

importance

of

a

balanced

diet

to

their

health.

(9)

Lack

of

certain amount of meat or milk, for example, will result in poor health. (10) Finally,

owing to

the

economic reform, meat and milk, which were scarce in the past, are produced in large quantities.

(11) Although milk and meat are important to one's health, eating too much rich food may

result in obesity and may other diseases. (12)Therefore, people should not only eat a lot of milk

and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and vegetable for the sake of their health.

图表作文（二）

一、图表作文写作常识

1

、图形种类及概述法：

泛指一份数据图表：

a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table

饼图：

pie chart

直方图或柱形图：

bar chart / histogram

趋势曲线图：

line chart / curve diagram

表格图：

table

流程图或过程图：

flow chart / sequence diagram

程序图：

processing/procedures diagram

2

、常用的描述用法

The table/chart diagram/graph shows

（

that

）

According to the table/chart diagram/graph

As

（

is

）

shown in the table/chart diagram/graph

As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures

，

figures/statistics shows

（

that

）

……

It can be seen from the figures/statistics

We can see from the figures/statistics

It is clear from the figures/statistics