心中的美景作文2012年英语高考试题答案及解析-江苏

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（江苏卷）
英语
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共50分）

第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分）
回答听力部分时，请先将 答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将您的答案转涂到客观答题卡
上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小 题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应
位置，听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ξ19.15. B. ξ9.15. C. ξ9.18
答案是B。
does this conversation probably take place?
A. In a bookstore. B. In a classroom C. In a library
2. At what time will the film begin?
A. 7:20 B. 7:15 C.7:00
are the two speakers mainly talking about?
A. Their friend Jane. B. A weekend trip C.A radio programme
will the woman probably do?
A. Catch a train B. See the man off C. Go shopping
5. Why did the woman apologize?
A. She made a late delivery B. She went to the wrong place C. She couldn’t take the cake back
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出的最佳选项，并标在试 卷的相
应位置。听每段对 话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟 的做答时间。
每段对话读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Whose CD is broken?
A. Kathy’s B. Mun’s C. Jack’s
7. What dose the boy promise to do for the girl?
A. Buy her new CD. B. Do some cleaning. C. Give her 10 dollars.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8．What did the man think of the meal?
A. Just so-so. B. Quite satisfactory C.A bit disappointing.
9. What was the 15% on the bill paid for ?

A. The food B. The drinks C. The service.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
is the man at the shop?
A. To order a camera for his wife.
B. To have a camera repaired.
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C. To get camera changed.
11. What colour does the man want?
A. Pink.
B. Black
C Orange.
will the man do afterwards?
A. Make a phone call.
B. Wait until further notice.
C. Come again the next day.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?
A. Go to a play.
B. Stay at home.
C. Visit Kingston.
14. What is Ariel going to do in Toronto
A. Attend a party.
B. Meet her aunt.
C. See a car show.
15. Why is ariel in a hurry to leave?
A. To call up Betty.
B. To buy some DVDs.
C. To pick up Daniel.
might be the relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates.
B. Fellow workers.
C. Guide and tourist.
听第10段材料，回答每17至30题。
17. Where does Thomas Manning work?
A. In the Guinness Company.
B. At a radio station.
C. In a museum.
18. Where did the idea of a book of records come from?
A. A bird- shooting trip.
B. A visit to Europe.
C. A television talk show.

19. When did Sir Hugh’s first book of records appear?
A. In 1875
B. In 1950
C. In,1955
20. What are the two speakers going to talk about nexr?
A. More records of unusual facts.
B. The founder of the company.
C. The oldest person in the world.
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第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例 ：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
答案是B.
21. — Can I help you with it?
— I appreciate your _______ , but I can manage it myself.
A. advice B. question C. offer D. idea
21. 【考点】名词词义辨析
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：——我可以帮你吗？——我感激你的提议 “offer”，但我自己能设法做的。o ffer意为“提议”，
符合题意。A意为“建议，劝告”；B意为“问题”；D意为“想法，主意”。
【难度】一般
22. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area,_______ urgently needed clean water,
medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B. who C. where D. what
22. 【考点】定语从句—关系代词
【答案】B
【解析】指人的先行词peop le在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故选B项。
【举一反三】由who引导的定语从句
关系代词who只能指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。如：
A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student.
教师是传授知识的人。（关系代词在从句中作主语）
The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars.
能够做此工作的人将获得1000美元。（关系代词who在从句中作主语）
【难度】一般
23. Sophia waited for a reply, but ____ came.
A. either B. another C. neither D. none
23. 【考点】代词辨析—neither none
【答案】D 【解析】句意为：Sophia等候答复，但没有任何答复。根据转折连词but可知，此处应用表示否定意 义的代词，
所以排除A项和B项。neither意为“两者都不”；none意为“三者或三者以上都 不”。根据前半句中的“a reply”提示可
知，故选D项。
【难度】一般
24. ---Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.
---_______! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.
A. What a relief B. Congratulations C. How surprising D. I'm so sorry
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24. 【考点】交际用语—安慰
【答案】A
【解析】句意为：——妈妈，别担心。医生说只是流感。——我可以松口气了。我 要告诉爸爸没有什么严重的。
A项意为“可以松口气了”，符合语境。B项意为“祝贺”；C项意为“多 么令人惊讶啊”；D项意为“我很抱歉”。根据句
意，应选A项。
【难度】一般
25. There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?
A. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he
25. 【考点】特殊句式—反义问句
【答案】A
【解析】根据前面there be 句里含有否 定意义的词little，所以反意疑问句用肯定形式，其主谓应与陈述部分的主
谓保持一致，故选A项 。
【举一反三】陈述部分如含有”neverhardlyscarcelyseldomlittl efewnobodynothing…”等否定词或半否定词时，
这部分应视为否定形式，简短问句就 用肯定形式。如：
He was hardly twelve then，was he?他当时几乎不到十二岁，是吗?
陈述部分含有带”否定”前缀的词，则这部分应看做肯定形式，简短问句就用否定形式。如：
she dislikes the way you work，doesn’t she?她不喜欢你的工作方式，对吗?
【难度】一般
26. — OK, I've had enough of it. I give up.
—You can't _______ your responsibilities.
A. run off with B. run up against C. run out of
26. 【考点】动词短语辨析
【答案】D
【解析】run away from意为“逃离，躲避”，run off with意为“偷走；与……私奔”；run up against意为“偶遇”；run out
of意为“用完”。句意为：——好了，我已受够了， 我放弃。——你不能逃避你的责任。根据句意，应选D项。
【难度】一般
27. The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.
A. when B. that C. whether D. how
27. 【考点】名词性从句-同位语从句
【答案】B
【解析】句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语
从句，在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that引导。
【举一反三】同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1.同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导。如：
The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
国王作出的这名囚犯释放的决定让人们大吃一惊。
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D. run away from

2.同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
他从玛丽那里得知运动会要延期举行。
3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别
1)定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that 是连词，
只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
2)定语从句是形容词性的，其 功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名
词性的，其功能是对名词 进行补充说明。如：
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.

他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出 国。（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.
汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
【试题延伸】(2011·天津)Modern science has given clear evidence ____________smoking can lead to many diseases.
A. what B. which C. that D. where）]
点拨. C。题意：抽烟会导致多种疾病，对此现代科学已经给出了明确的证据。本题 考查名词性从句(同位语从句)。
evidence后的从句说明的是其具体内容，从句中不缺少句子成 分，故用that引导同位语从句。 其他三项引导同
位语从句都要在从句中作成分。
【难度】一般
28. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but say where he was.
A. mustn't B. shouldn't C. wouldn't D. mightn't
28. 【考点】情态动词—would
【答案】C
【解析 】mustn’t意为“禁止”；shouldn’t意为“不应该”；wouldn’t意为“不愿意”；mi ghtn’t意为“或许不”。句意为：
几天后，我哥哥打电话说他一切很好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。根 据句意可知，应选C项。
【难度】一般
29. — Thank God you're safe!
—I stepped back, just _______ to avoid the racing car.
A. in time B. in case C. in need
29. 【考点】介词短语
【答案】A
【解析】in time意为“及时”，in case意为“万一，假使”；in need意为“需要”；in vain意 为“徒劳，无济于事”。句意
为：——谢天谢地，你是安全的！——我走回去，正好避免赛车。符合题意 。
【难度】一般
30. One's life has value ___ one brings value to the life of others.
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D. in vain

A. so that
30. 【考点】连词
【答案】C
B. no matter how C. as long as D. except that
【解析】as long as意为“只要”；so that意为“以便；因此”；no matter how意为“不管怎样”；except that意为“ 除了”。
句意为：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。，根据题意，应选C项。
【难度】一般
31. _____ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base
31. 【考点】非谓语动词—动词现在分词做状语
【答案】B
【解析】动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。
【举一反三】1）现在分词的主动语态：
现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的 动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动
作之前发生，常作状语。如：
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basketball.做完作业，他开始打篮球。
2）现在分词的被动语态：
一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。
【试题延伸】(2011·辽宁). ____________around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering
点拨. C。题意：游客们围在火堆旁，与当地人一起跳舞。本题考查非谓语动词。句子主语the tourists是动词
gather的执行者，二者是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
【难度】较难
32. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he________ some European partners.
A. would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had met
32. 【考点】动词的时态和语态—过去完成时
【答案】D
【解析】根据句中“is said to have arrived”可知，arrive这个动作是在过去发生的，而会面的动作则在arriv e的动作
之前发生的，即在过去的过去发生的动作，所以用过去完成时，故选D项。
【易错点拨】本题时态选择的关键是根据“is said to have arrived”可知， 这一动作发生在过去，因此“会面”这个动
作是在到达之前发生的，所以用过去完成时。
【难度】较难
33. — Honey, the cats stuck in the tree. Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder…?
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—Oh, it jumped off. _______ .
A. Never mind B. All right
33. 【考点】交际用语—安慰
【答案】A
C. No problem D. Take care
【解析】A项意为“别介意，别放在心上”，。B项意为“好吧”；C项意为“没 问题”；D项意为“当心”。 句意为：亲
爱的，那只猫被困在树上。你可以关电视，拿梯子……？— —哦，它会跳下来。别放在心上。根据上面是在担心，
故后面是安慰，故选A项。
【难度】一般
34. The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he________.
A. has started B. starts C. started D. will start
34. 【考点】动词时态—一般过去时
【答案】C
【解析】句意为：这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。根据句意， 总统开始上任是过去发生的动
作，所以用一般过去时。故选C项。
【易错分析】考生容易根据when he quits而误选B项。事实上when he quits中的quits是用了一般现在时来代替一般
将来时。
【难度】较难
35. — Happy birthday!
—Thank you! It’s the best present I _____ for.
A. should have wished B. must have wished
C. may have wished D. could have wished
35. 【考点】情态动词+完成式
【答案】D
【解析】A项意为“本应该期望而实际上并非如此”；B项意为“一定希望”；C 项意为“也许希望”；D项意为“可能希
望”。句意为：——生日快乐！——谢谢你！这是我所能期望的 最好的礼物了。根据句意可知，应选D项。
【举一反三】情态动词＋have+过去分词表示与过去事 实上相反的情况，也是高考单项选择题涉及到情态动词的
一个重要方面。高考对情态动词表示虚拟‘用法 ，表示与过去事实相反的情况。近几年高考，主要侧重should （not）
have done 这一句式上，表示本来不该做却做了或本来该做却未做的事，在复习时，还应关注其它几种虚拟形式，
如 need (not)have done 表示本来需要做而未做或本来不需要而做的事等等，以做到有备无患。
【试题延伸】.Oh, I‘m not feeling well in the stomach. I______so much fried chicken just now.
A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat
【解析】该句所表达的意思是刚才我不因该吃那么多炸鸡，而实际上 是吃了那么多，可以判断用shouldn’t have
eaten. 答案是 C。
【难度】一般
第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅 读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-existent. In the world of digital technology, e-mail,
social networking and online video games, information is meant to be 36 . Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has
been given up. In this respect, new technologies have 38 our culture.
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 39 as we've known it. People have become so 40 in the
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world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they'd rather not be. Today we can talk, text,
e-mail, chat and blog(写博客), not only from our 42 but from our mobile phones as well.
Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they've grown accustomed to it, and
at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider. 45 , many jobs and careers require people to be 46 . From this
point of view, technology has changed the culture of work. Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not
want to be able to be contacted at all times.
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it. Computers can be shut 49
and mobile phones can be turned off. The ability to be
Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains, and mobile phones have saved countless lives. They can also make people
feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts.
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations. Some find today's technology a gift.
Others consider it a curse. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like 55
daily advancements in technology.
36. A. updated B. received C. shared D. collected
37. A. though B. until C. once D. before
38. A. respected B. shaped C. ignored D. preserved
39. A. edge B. stage C. end D. balance
40. A. sensitive B. intelligent C. considerate D. reachable
41. A. even if B. only if C. as if D. if only
42. A. media B. computes C. databases D. monitors
43. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent
43. A. bent B. hard C. keen D. dependent
44. A. finding B. using C. protecting D. changing
45. A. Also B. Instead C. Otherwise D. Somehow
46. A. connected B. trained C. recommended D. interested
47. A. pleasure B. benefit C. burden D. disappointment
48. A. slightly B. hardly C. merely D. really
49. A. out B. down C. up D. in
50. A. aspects B. weaknesses C. advantages D. exceptions
51. A. hidden B. lost C. relaxed D. deserted
52. A. trapped B. excitcd C. confused D. amused
53. A. turn B. submit C. object D. reply
54. A. vary B. arise C. spread D. exist
55. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. without
【考点】科技类—议论文
【文章大意】在现代社会 中，由于数码技术的发展，我们独处的概念几乎不复存在。尽管人们对现代技术的发展
持有不同的看法， 但是技术的进步，我们的生活会完全不同。让我们尽情的享受生活。
36．【答案】C
【考点】动词义辨析
【试题解析】根据第一句话“The concept of solitude (独处) in the digital world is almost non-e xistent.“在数码时代里，
独处的概念几乎是不存在的”可知，此处表示信息是被共享的。故选 C项。
【难度】一般
37．【答案】C
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【考点】连词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上下无奈语境，一旦被放弃孤独是很 难发现的。once意为“一旦”，符合语境。though意为“尽
管”；until意为“直到”； before意为“在……之前”。都不符合题意。
【难度】一般
38．【答案】B
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上下文，句意：在这方面，新技术塑造着我们的未来 。respect意为“尊重”；shape意为“塑造，
使成形”；ignore意为“忽视”；pr eserve意为“保护”。根据语境可知，应选B项。
【难度】一般
39．【答案】C
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据本句中的connect（连接）可知，此处表示终 止孤独。end意为“结束，终止”，符合语境。
【难度】一般
40．【答案】D
【考点】形容词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据后半句“and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they'd rather not be.人们能够经常被
联系”可知，在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到。reac hable意为“可达到的，可获得的”，符合语境。
【难度】一般
41．【答案】A
【考点】连词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上下文，可推知， 在网络连接世界中，人们已经变 得如此地可达到以致即使不愿意被联系，
也可能经常被联系。根据语境可知，应选A项。even if意为“即使”；only if意为“只要”；as if意为“似乎”；if only意
为“要是……该多好”。
【难度】一般
42．【答案】B
【考点】名词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上文中的network可知，交谈、发短信、法电 子邮件等等应与电脑有关。故选B项。
【难度】一般
43．【答案】D
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据后半句“they’ve grown accustomed to it”可知，许多发达国家已经依赖于数码技术。dependent (on)
意为“依靠的”，符合语境。bent (on)意为“决心的”；hard（on）意为“严厉的”；keen (on)意为“爱好，喜欢”。
【难度】一般
44．【答案】B
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据前半句“Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they've
grown accustomed to it,”可知，此处意为：不使用它会让他们成为局外人。故选B项。
【难度】一般
45．【答案】A
【考点】副词词义辨析
【试题解析】此处表示进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系。故选A项。
【难度】一般
9

46．【答案】A
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】许多工 作和职业需要人们被联系。根据上下文多次提到connect和contact可知，应选A项。
【难度】一般
47．【答案】C
【考点】名词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据后半句“may not want to be able to be contacted at all times”可知，经常被联系是一种负担。A项
意为“愉悦”； benefit意为“利益”；disappointment意为“失望”，均与语境不符。故选C项。
【难度】一般
48．【答案】D
【考点】副词词义辨析
【试题解析】独 处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的。slightly意为“稍微”；hardly意为“几乎不”；m erely
意为“仅仅”；really意为“真正地”。 really符合语境。
【难度】一般
49．【答案】B
【考点】动词短语词义辨析
【试题解析】根据后半句中的“turn off”可知，此处应为意义一致的短语，shut down意为“关闭”，符合语境。shut
out意为“关在外面，遮住”；shut up意为“住口”；shut in意为“关进”。
【难度】一般
50．【答案】C
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据disadvantages可知这句的句意，“除 了劣势之外，还有很多优势”。故选C项。
【难度】一般
51．【答案】B
【考点】形容词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据后半句“mobile phones have saved countless lives.”，可知此处指旅游者在山上迷路了。故选B项。
【难度】一般
52．【答案】A
【考点】形容词词义辨析
【试题解析】 根据本句中的“force和unwanted”可知，手机还使人们人感到困窘（trapped），被迫回答 不必要的电
话或者回复不必要的短信。excited意为“兴奋的”；confused意为“混乱的 ，困惑的，糊涂的”；amused意为“愉快的”。
【难度】一般
53．【答案】D
【考点】动词短语词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上一题的解析可知，此处为回复短信。turn to意为“转向；求助于”，submit to意为“提交；服从”；
object to意为“反对”，均与语境不符。故选D项。
【难度】一般
54．【答案】A
【考点】动词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据下文，说到人们对现在的技术的态度可知，态度在不 同时代有所变化。vary意为“变化，改变”，
符合语境。arise意为“出现”；spread意 为“传播”；exist意为“存在”。
【难度】一般
10

55．【答案】D
【考点】介词词义辨析
【试题解析】根据上下文 ，句意：如果没有每日的技术进步，难以想象生活会是什么样。根据本句宾语从句中所
用的虚拟语气可知 ，应选without，意为“没有”。beyond意为“超过，超越”；within意为“在……之内”； despite意
为“尽管”。
【难度】一般
【长难句分析】
1. The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a ( n) 39 as we've known it.本句是as 引导的原因状语从句，主
句中的主语to be connected动词不定式修饰the desire 为后置定语。
2. People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they'd
rather not be.
在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到以致即使不愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系。So… that …引导
的结果状语从句。
reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.
动名词做主语，后面who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times.是those的后置定语从句。
4. I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it.
Suppose的宾语从句，在宾语从句中that 引导的表语从句。
5. Regardless of anyone's view on the subject, it's hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in
technology. 尽管在这个问题观点不同。如果没有每日的技术进步，难以想象生活会是什么样。Regardless of 引
导的让步状语从句。后面主句中是imagine的宾语从句，what 为连词。
第三部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
What Would You Want Most on a Desert Island?
This month's survey shows people worldwide have a natural understanding of what they would
need most if left alone on a desert island: Another person. And one they know well. Respondents
in all 16 countries surveyed said their spouse (调查对象) or partner would be their first choice to
have with them. Perhaps this makes sense: An MP3 player can't help you find drinking water, your
dog can't help you start a fire and who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has taken
courses in wilderness survival training? Let's just hope the SOS sign you two build gets spotted
sooner rather than later!
husband, of course! My MP3 player. I would not partner should be there to listen
George Clooney wouldn't want my loved ones, to me complain about the fact that we
think I'm as pretty as my including my pet, to be left are left alone on an island—probably
husband does!alone like to some error he made.
Roseane, 42, Brazil Co-Co, 28, China Julia, 25, Jordan

11

56. According to the survey, people left alone on a desert island would most want their______.
A. MP3 player B. dog C. spousepartner D. celebrity
57. Which of the following is tree about George Clooney?
A. He has been trained in wilderness survival.
B. He may not be able to help you survive.
C. He does not think Roseane is beautiful.
D. He is the choice of most South African women.
58. The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents’ _________.
A. sex, age and nationality B. race, nationality and sex
C. marriage, age and race D. age, sex and marriage
【考点】调查报告类
【文章大意】本 文是一篇调查报告，调查了关于“如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上，你最需要什么？”的这个话
题，你 们想知道这个结果是什么吗？
56.【答案】C
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“…Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said their spouse or partner
would be their first choice to have with them”可知，应选C项。
【难度】一般
57.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第四句中“…and who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has taken
courses in wilderness survival training?”可推知此处表示“谁知道乔治·克鲁尼和佩内 洛普·克鲁兹是否参加了野外
逃生训练”，即他们或许不能帮助逃生，故B项正确。
【难度】一般
58.【答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据四个大标题“Sp ousePartner”，“ClooneyCruz”,“MP3 Player”和“Dog”下的段落中关
键词，“the South African women the Indian women, Russian men, the Mexian men, older than 45”等都可看出是从性
别、国籍、年龄这三个方面来调查的，故A项正确。
12

【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
1. This month's survey shows people worldwide have a natural understanding of what they would need most if left
alone on a desert island:
Show 的宾语从句，从句中含有of 的宾语从句，连词是what。
partner should be there to listen to me complain about the fact that we are left alone on an island
that引导的同位语从句，修饰 the fact.
B
Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland. It
has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country's fanners
are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查)
figures show that the fastest-growing group of fanners is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be
even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.
Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging
more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of .America's farmers, her
work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No.1 on a list of
federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the
country.
“There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect,Merrigan said. know that there aren't enough qualified
graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.
In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she
said.
“I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are
at all-time record lows,
enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture.
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally
grown food. The National Young Farmers' Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it
easier for new farmers.
Ryan Best, president of Future Fanners of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting
with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21 -year-old Best hopes his message-that this is a new time
in agriculture-will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. Never before have we had the innovations
( 创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,” he said.
“there’s really a place for everybody to fit in.”
59. What is the new challenge to American agriculture?
A. Fewer and older farmers. B. Higher fuel prices.
C. More natural disasters. D. Lower agricultural output.
is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?
A. To draw federal agriculture officials' attention.
B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.
C. To clarify a recent blog posting.
D. To talk more students into farming careers
61. According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because__________.
A. the government will cover production costs
13

B. global food supplies will be even lower
C. investment in agriculture will be profitable
D. America will increase its food export
62. What do the underlined words
A. To re- analyze the result of the national census.
B. To increase agricultural production.
C. To bring down the average age of farmers.
D. To invest more in agriculture.
【考点】科技类—说明文
【文 章大意】本文是一篇科技文，主要介绍了美国在农业方面临农民人数少，年龄偏大的问题，同时还缺少专业
大学生从事农业生产。该怎么样解决这个问题。
59.【答案】A
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people
standing in line to take their place”可知，A项正确。
【难度】一般
60.【答案】D
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“…is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of
encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture”可知，D项正确。
【难度】一般
61.【答案】C
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at
all-time record lows”可推断Matt Rush认为，全球对 农业的需要达到了最高，而全球的供应则达到了最低，故在农
业上投资肯定会获利，即C项正确。
【难度】一般
62.【答案】C
【试题解析】句意理解题。根据最后一段第二句中“…this is a new time in agriculture —will motivate the next
generation …”可推断此处表示的是“农业的新时机将会激励下一代来参与，即农民的平均年龄将会年轻化”，故C
项正确。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across Americas farmland.
本句是see sb. sth. doing sth.的复合结构。
2. Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more
students to think about careers in agriculture.
本句是介词短语in hope of doing sth. 希望……。
3. The 21 -year-old Best hopes his message-that this is a new time in agriculture- will motivate the next generation to
turn around the statistics.
本句是his message 的同位语从句
14

4. Never before have we had the innovations ( 创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being
the most efficient it has ever been,”
本句never 否定词放在句首，后面用部分倒装，the innovations的定语从句，which是关系代词。

C
Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs
inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right
spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But
triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be
a harmless trigger to date: shining near- infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.
The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed
polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or
visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only
near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried
to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.
That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she
and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a
commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off
the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it
separates from the polymer.
So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists
of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components
that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After
polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light- absorbing compound called Bhc. When the
Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining
additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says,
Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.
63. According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?
A. Temperature change. B. NIR light.
C. Acidity change. D. UV light.
64. Why in ONB unsatisfactory?
A. It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.
B. It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.
C. It has not come onto the market up till now.
D. It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.
65. Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?



A. Protected B. formed

C. exposed
15
D. combined

【考点】日常生活类—说明文
【文章大意】。本文围绕“怎样使用胶囊，让我 们生病吃药更加安全、而且疗效好”这个主题展开研究，来展开话
题的。
63.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger
to date: shining near-infrared light on the drug in the capsule.”可知，应选B项。
【难度】一般
64.【答案】D
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“…ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown”和“…and it
could be poisonous to cells…”可知，应选D项。
【难度】较难
65.【答案】C
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed…”可知
此处用exposed，即C项正确。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
1. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down
when they absorb cither ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light.
本句是polymers (聚合物) and other materials的定语从句， when 引导的时间状语从句。
2. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易
反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature
本句是called动词过去分词做后置定语，修饰a long chain of compounds. 后面是reactive(易反应的) components
的定语从句
D
Franz Kafka wrote that 斧子) for the frozen sea inside us.
a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.
We’d just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my
toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I.
chair to take a closer look.
s
I've read it many times.
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In
my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive
parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent
neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate (命
运).
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with
small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a
former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school--one that often attracts the
literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants,
with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional
could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first
time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.'s.
16

Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and
Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said,
about being a man, it’s about manliness.
had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies (独白)read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were
playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me
repeatedly how amazing it was that
broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year former students visited and told me how prepared
they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read
increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the
minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do no. amaze
but confuse. We mav succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative and that
it belongs to them.
66. The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to________
A. realize our dreams B. give support to our life '
C. smooth away difficulties D. awake our emolions
67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?
A. Because they spent much time reading it.
B. Because they had read the novel before.
C. Because they came from a public school. ,
D. Because they had similar life experiences.
68. The girl left the selective high school possibly because_______.
A. she was a literary-minded girl B. her parents were immigrants
C. she couldn't fit in with her class D. her father was then in prison
69. To the author's surprise, the students read the novels ________.
A. creatively B. passively C. repeatedly D. carelessly
70. The author writes the passage mainly to________.
A. introduce classic works of literature
B. advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C. argue for equality among high school students
D. defend the current testing system
【考点】日常生活类—夹斜夹议
【文章大意】本文主要介绍作者讲述在自己教学生涯中，在文 学课上，如何教学生文学阅读的亲身体验，可以美
化他们的心灵。
66.【答案】D
【试题解析】句意理解题。这句话运用了明喻和暗喻的修辞手法，“一本书就是能融化我们冰冻着的内心的一把
斧子”，这是表面意思，即指一本书能够唤醒我们内心深处的情感，引起共鸣之意。故选D项。
【难度】一般
67【答案】D
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we
realize it was always going to happen”可知，D项正确。
【难度】一般
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68.【答案】C
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第四段“The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt
uncomfortable with her new classmates”可知C项正确。
【难度】一般
69.【答案】A
【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第五段第四句“I have never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth,
nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies read as raps, but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but
serious.”可推断作者对孩子阅读小说的创造力感到惊讶，字里行间流露出自豪，故A项正确。
【难度】一般
70.【答案】B
【试题解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文，主要介绍了 作者讲述在自己教学生涯中，教学生文学阅读的亲身体验，故
B项正确。
【难度】较难
【长难句解析】
1. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I.
When 引导的时间状语从句，后面是so 引导的句型，表示“…和前面的主语也一样。”
2. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen.
本句是when 引导的时间状语， 主句中是that 引导的表语从句， realize 引导的宾语从句。
3. For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small
groups of students from grades six to eight.
本句reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. 为I 的伴随状语。
第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题:每小题1分,满分10分）
请认 真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入了个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在
答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

In July 2010 Burt's Bees, a personal-care products company, was going through enormous change as it began a
global expansion into 19 new countries. In this kind of high-pressure situation, many leaders bother their assistants with
frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands. In doing so, managers lift everyone's anxiety level,
which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex ( 大脑皮层) ,
which is responsible for effective problem solving.
Burt's Bees's then-CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach. Each day, he'd send out an e-mail praising a team
member for work related to global marketing. He'd interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to talk with
their teams about the company's values. He asked me to further a three-hour session with employees on happiness in
the course of the expansion effort. As one member of the senior team told me a year later, Wolfgang's emphasis on
developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the
company into a global one.
That outcome shouldn't surprise us. Research shows that when people work with a positive mind-set(思维模式),
performance on nearly every level—productivity, creativity, involvement—improves. Yet happiness is perhaps the most
misunderstood driver of performance. For one, most people believe that success comes before happiness.
a promotion, 111 be happy,
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target—as soon as you hit your target, you raise it again—the happiness that results from success does not last long.
In fact, it works the other way around: People who have a positive mind-set perform better in the face of challenge.
I call this the advantage—every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is positive. I've
observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48 countries on the connection between employee
happiness and success. And I'm not alone: In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of
cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes.
Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of the two determines
how happy we are. To be sure, both factors have an impact. But one's general sense of well-being is surprisingly
unstable. The habits you form, the way you interact with colleagues, how you think about stress—all these can be
managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.


71.【答案】bother annoy
【试题解析】many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings or flood their in-boxes with urgent demands.
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72.【答案】anxiety conern worry
【试题解析】In doing so, managers lift everyone's anxiety level,
73.【答案】considerate aware conscious
【试题解析】根据文章“Burt's Bees's then- CEO, John Wolfgang, took a different approach.”他用了不同的方法。 他
了解助手的那种感觉。 Be aware of 意识到，了解到。
74.【答案】loyal faithfuldevoted committed
【试题解析】Wolfgang's emphasis on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as
they successfully transformed the company into a global one.
75.【答案】difference
【试题解析】根据文章第三段和第四段可知 Wolfgang'和上面第一段提到的那些负责人的做法不同，他的这种方
法很有区别，故填的是ma ke a differnce有区别，有影响。
76.【答案】positively
【试题解析】根据文章第三段People who have a positive mind- set perform better in the face of challenge.可知答案。
77.【答案】success achievements
【试题解析】根据文章“the happiness that results from success does not last long.可知答案。
78.【答案】strongly
【试题解析】根据文章“researchers found strong evidence of cause-and-effect relationship between life satisfaction
and successful business outcomes.”可知答案。
79.【答案】determined decided
【试题解析】根据文章“Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics, our environment, or a combination of
the two determines how happy we are.”可知答案。
80.【答案】chances possibilities opportunities
【试题解析】根据文章最后一段all these can be managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success.可
知答案。
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
81..生活中冲突时有发生。假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执,导致关系紧张.请你结合此 事,并根据以下
提示,用英语写一篇短文,向学校英文报”Happy Teens”专栏投稿.
简要描述事情的经过
分析发生冲突的原因
谈谈避免冲突的做法
打篮球碰撞争执,等等
1.遇事不够冷静
2……
(请考生根据自己的经历或感想,提出至少两种做法)
注意
1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥,不要简单翻译。
2.词数150左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。
3.作义中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
【考点】问题解决型—提纲作文
【写作指导】
本篇书面表达属半开放式作文，只给 出写作框架，并未给出所有的写作细节，题目比较贴近学生的话题。主
要是两个学生闹矛盾，让他们提出 观点和解决方法。“对思路好的同学来说，写得就会顺畅一些。这样的题型也
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< br>需要同学平时多留心身边发生的事，多思考生活。”这给考生留有自由发挥的空间。因此考生要合理展开行 文，
简要描述引发冲突的经过、分析发生冲突的原因并谈谈避免冲突的做法，同时要注意文章的逻辑性和 段落层次性，
注意不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。另外，要恰当地使用连接过渡词（如：besides , meanwhile, From my point of view,
what’ more, as far as I’m concerned, in my opinion等）以及复杂 的句式（如：并列句、状语从句、定语从句、名词
性从句等），这样可以使行文更加流畅。
One possible version:
Conflicts with others are common in everyday life. During the basketball game yesterday afternoon, Su Hua and Li
Jiang bumped into each other, trying to catch the ball. Then they started shouting and yelling, and it turned into a
horrible quarrel.
To be honest, it was Su s fault but Li was also to blame—they were not calm enough and both said some really
mean things. They cared too much about winning and losing. As a matter of fact, blocking, pushing and bumping are
just part of a tough game.
To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life. It is also
a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and stressful society. Instead of blaming each other, we
should communicate more and put ourselves in others' place.
Don't be self-centered and try to be considerate. We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and
wisely.
(150 words)

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