2021届湖南师大附中新高考模拟试卷(四)英语试题

2021年1月21日发(作者：无限升级系统)

2021
届湖南师大附中新高考模拟试卷（四）

英语试卷

★祝考试顺利★


注意事项：


1
、考试范围：高考范围。

2
、试题卷启封下发后，如 果试题卷有缺页、漏印、重印、损坏或者个别字句印刷模糊不清等情况，应
当立马报告监考老师，否则一 切后果自负。

3
、答题卡启封下发后，如果发现答题卡上出现字迹模糊、行列歪斜或 缺印等现象，应当马上报告监考
老师，否则一切后果自负。

4
、
答 题前，
请先将自己的姓名、
准考证号用
0.5
毫米黑色签字笔填写在试题卷和 答题卡上的相应位置，
并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用
2B
铅笔将 答题卡上试卷类型
A
后的方框涂黑。

5
、选择题的作答：每个小题 选出答案后，用
2B
铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题
卷、草稿纸和 答题卡上的非选择题答题区域的答案一律无效。

6
、填空题和解答题的作答：用签字 笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答
题卡上的非答题区域的答案一律无效。 如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔
和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。< br>
7
、选考题的作答：先把所选题目的题号在答题卡上指定的位置用
2B
铅笔涂黑。答案用
0.5
毫米黑色
签字笔写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题 卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非选修题答题区域的答案一律
无效。

8
、保持答题卡卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损，不得使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带等。

9
、考试结束后，请将本试题卷、答题卡、草稿纸一并依序排列上交。


第一部分：听力
(
共两节，满分
30
分
)
第一节 （共
5
小题；每小题
1.5
分，满分
7.5
分）

听下面
5
段对话。
每段材料后有一个小题，
从题中所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置 。听完每段对话后，你有
10
秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小
题。每段对话仅 读一遍。

1. What does the woman need to do?
A. Order some red wine

B. Buy some wool pants

C. Have her clothes cleaned
2. What row are the speakers in?
A. Row 23








B. Row 13




C. Row 11
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A restaurant





B. A job







C. Fast food
4. How many students are there in the speakers' class?
A. 21








B. 20








C. 18

5. Which place impressed the man most in Beijing?
A. The Great Wall





B. The Forbidden City



C. The National Grand Theater
第二节（共
15
小题，每小题
1.5
分，满分
22.5
分）

听下面
5
段对话。
每段对 话后有几个小题，
从题中所给的
A
、
B
、
C
三个选 项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，听完后，每小题将给出
5
秒钟的作答时间，每段
对话读两遍。

听第
6
段材料，回答第
6
至
7
题。

6. Where is the woman's scarf?
A. On the bed




B. On the sofa




C. In the bag
7. What did the woman forget to pack?
A. Her gloves




B. Her hat




C. Her coat
听第
7
段材料，回答第
8
至
9
题。

8. Why does the woman want to replace the sofa?
A. It is really old.




B. It is uncomfortable.


C. It doesn't match the table.
9. What do the speakers agree to do?
A. Change the table



B. Buy a reading lamp


C. Move a lamp onto the table
听第
8
段材料，回答第
10
至
12
题。

does the woman make the call?
A. She was charged twice.


B. Her bill has not yet arrived . C. Her television doesn't work properly.
11. What is wrong with the shop?
A. It doesn't accept credit cards.
B. The shop assistants are always careless.
C. There is something wrong with the computer system.
12. What will the woman do next?
A. Get a written apology


B. Offer her receipt number

C. Have her television fixed
听第
9
段材料，回答第
13
至
16
题。

does the man find his job?
A. Boring





B. Tiring





C. Satisfactory
14. What does the man do now?
A. He writes articles for the magazine.
B. He takes photographs of the models.

C. He carries the photographic equipment.
15. Where does the woman work now?
A

In a hotel





B. In a bookshop



C. In a restaurant
16. What does the woman ask the man to do?
A. Help her with photography

B. Get her a job in Spring Street C. Recommend her to his company
听第
10
段材料，回答第
17
至
20
题。

made T-shirts popular?
A. Hollywood films



B. A newspaper



C. American soldiers
18. When did big companies use T-shirts as
A. In the 1950s




B. In the mid-1960s



C. In the 1970s
19. For whom did people wear T-shirts in 1970?
A. Angela Davis




B. Yves Saint Laurent


C. Jean Seberg
20. What color T-shirt did Yves Saint Laurent design?
A. White





B. Black





C. Blue
.
第二部分

阅读理解（共两节，满分
40
分）

第一节

（共
15
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
30
分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项

(A
、
B
、
C
、
D)
中，选出最佳选项。

A
How many times have you come back and felt terribly tired, feeling like your

head is going to explode? Sounds
familiar, right? Well, there are several ways to reduce the frequency of headaches, and those are: eating balanced diet
through the day, making sure your body is well hydrated (
保持身体水分
);getting some exercise to remove the
negative energy, like helping yourself with a short massage (
按摩）
on your head. However, preparing an easy recipe
will instantly put a smile on your face after your workday.
You will need these simple ingredients (
配料
)to prepare the magical drink which will stop your headache:
Lemon juice; 2 teaspoons of salt (preferably high quality salt); 1 cup of water.
Directions:
Squeeze 2 lemons. Pour the lemon juice into a cup and add 2 teaspoons of salt. Mix the two ingredients. Add a
cup of water to the content. Drink the mixture quikly.
How will this drink

work and what are the benefits of its ingredients?
Salt:Here

is what salt does for your body:

--regulates your blood sugar.
--balances the sugar


levels;
--benefits nerve cells for communication and information processing;
—obtains acidity from your body’s cells, especially brain cells;

—
works as a strong anti-stress element for the body;
—
adds energy in your body's cells.
Lemon Juice: This excellent juice, full of vitamin C and anti-poisons, will release all poisonous substances from
your body and give you a sense of lightness. Here’s how the lemon will help you ease your headache and maintain
well-being to your whole body:
—
balances the pH levels in your body;
—
protects your immune system;
—
nourishes your brain and nerve cells;
—
reduces inflammation (
炎症
)in your whole body (the headache is a type of inflammation, so the lemon juice
fights against it).
Water
：

Water is important for hydrating your whole body, including your head. Many of your daily headaches may be
caused by dehydratation (
脱水
)
，
so keep in mind that you should drink plenty of water throughout the day.
1. How many ways arc mentioned in the text to help relieve headaches?
A. Two.
C. Four.
B. Three.
D. Five.
2. What do lemon juice and salt have in common in fighting against headaches?
A. Both can benefit our nerve cells a lot.
B. Both can keep our sugar levels balanced.
C. Both have no effect on our immune system.
D. Both balance the pH levels in our body.
3.
The author’s main purpose in writing t
he text is

.
A. to explain to us different reasons for headache problems
B. to give readers advice on how to avoid headache problems
C. to warn readers of the bad influence of headache problems
D. to offer an anti-headache recipe and the benefits of its ingredients
【答案】
1. B



2. A



3. D

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。

【
1
题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“
those are: eating balanced diet through the day, making sure your body is well
hydrated (
保持身体水分
);getting some exercise to remove the negative energy, like helping yourself with a short
massage (
按摩）
on your head.
”可知文章提到了每天吃均衡的饮食，确保你的 身体多喝水以及做一些运动来
消除负面能量，比如帮自己在头上做一个简短的按摩。三种方式来减轻头痛 ，故选
B
。

【
2
题详解】

细节理解题。根据
salt
中提到的“
benefits nerve cells for communication and information processing
”与
Lemon
juice
中提到的“
nourishes your brain and nerve cells
”可知柠檬果汁和盐在对抗头痛的共同点在于它们都对神
经非常有益， 故选
A
。

【
3
题详解】

主旨大意题。
根据第一段最后一句“
However, preparing an easy recipe will instantly put a smile on your face after
your
workday.
”以及下文中三种有关减轻头痛 的成分可知作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一种抗头痛的配方
及其成分的好处，故选
D
。

B
No one is happy about missing his/her bus. When Thomas Daniel missed his school bus last week, he met
Officer Lynema. Lynema was with the Grand Rapids Police Department in Michigan early in the morning. He said
that he saw the 9-year-old boy running after a school bus. Lynema asked Thomas if he wanted a ride to school, which
the young boy gratefully accepted (after his mother nodded).
On the way to school, Thomas invited Lynema to his birthday party that evening. The boy also said that he was
afraid that none of his classmates would show up for the party because he was often bullied in school.
When Lynema attended the party later in the day, he was heartbroken. He discovered that he and Thomas’s
brothers and sisters were the only people who had shown up for the party
—

and the young boy didn’t even have a
cake. The nex
t day, Lynema called together other police officers and returned to Thomas’ house to throw him a
second birthday party.
After Thomas got back from school, he was astounded to come home and find presents, a Krispy Kreme donut
cake and a band waiting to surp
rise him. Thomas later said that it was the “best birthday ever”.

The police department posted photos of the boy and his new friends in the hope that it would encourage other
people to take action against bullying. “No kid should get bullied, and no kid sh
ould worry if anyone will come to
his/her birthday party,” wrote the police department Internet page. “Next year, Thomas Daniel, make sure you invite

us a little earlier. We wouldn’t want to mis
s
it!”

4.
What can we learn from the first paragraph ?
A.
Thomas and Lynema met by accident.

C.
Thomas actually disliked going to school.

5.
Why was Lynema sad when he attended the party?
A.
No other policemen came to the party.

C.
There were only a few people in the party.

B.
Tho
mas’ family was very poor and small.

D.
Thomas didn’t invite classmates to his party.

B.
Thomas knew Lynema would help him.
D.
Thomas’ mom was worried about his safety.

6.
What does the underlined word “astounded” in Paragraph 4 mean?

A.
frustrated

C.
astonished

7.
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.
Lynema organized another birthday party for Thomas.
B.
Thomas will probably have a good time on his birthday next year.
C.
The police department called on people to fight against bullying through Internet.
D.
Thomas invited Lynema to his birthday party because he was often bullied in school.
【答案】
4. A



5. C



6. C



7. D
【解析】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了林尼玛警官与在学校经常被欺负的小男孩托马斯偶然相遇、给他补办12
岁
的生日派对并号召人们行动起来反对校园欺凌的故事。

【
4
题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的
When Thomas Daniel missed his school bus last week, he met Officer Lynema.
可
知，当托马斯·丹尼尔上周错过校车时，他遇到了 林尼玛警官，由此可知，托马斯和林尼玛是偶然相遇的。
故
A
项正确。

【
5
题详解】

细节理解题。
根据第三段中的
When Lynema attended the party later in the day, he was heartbroken. He discovered
that he and Thomas’s brothers and sisters were the only people w
ho had shown up for the party
可知，那天晚些时
候，林尼玛参加了托马斯的生日派对，他很伤心 ，因为他发现只有他和托马斯的兄弟姐妹来了，即参加派
对的人很少。故
C
项正确。< br>
【
6
题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词后的
find presents, a Krispy Kreme donut cake and a band waiting to surprise him.
可知，
当托马斯从学校回来后发现家里有一大堆的礼物，一个甜甜圈蛋糕和一个乐队在等着他，因此他肯 定是非
B.
awkward
D.
embarrassed

常惊讶的。由此可知，划线词词义为“惊讶的”。故
C
项正确。

【
7
题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的
Thomas invited Lynema to his birthday party that evening. The boy also said that he
was afraid that none of his classmates would show up for the party.
可知，
托马斯邀请林尼玛来参加他的生日派对，
因为他担心他的同学们都不来。由此可知，“托 马斯邀请林尼玛参加他的生日派对因为他在学校经常被欺
负”这一说法是错误的。故
D
项正确。

C
Apple lost its status as the world’s only trillion
-dollar public company as shares slumped (
下跌
) following
disappointing results.
The iPhone maker said that it would no longer tell how many iPhones, iPads and Macs it sells each quarter,
claiming the figure was no longer relevant to investors. The announcement, combined with a forecast for the vital
Christmas quarter, sent shares falling by more than 7 percent in after- hours trading, knocking over $$70 billion off its
value. If maintained, the
drop means Apple’s value has fallen below the trillion
-dollar mark for the first time since it
reached the milestone in August.
Apple’s fall come despite it posting record profits and sales after it convinced consumers to buy more expensive
versions of the iPhone in the three months to the end of September. During this period, it sold 46. 9 million iPhones,
flat on the same period last year and below what analysts had expected. However, a huge increase in the price of each
phone meant that iPhone revenues (
收益
) increased by 29 percent. On average, consumers now pay $$793 for each
iPhone, up from $$618 a year ago.
Apple has successfully pushed its users into paying more for newer versions of its iPhone by adding new
features and bigger screen sizes, even as sales growth has decreased. Revenues in the quarter increased by 20 percent
to $$62.9 billion, while profits were up 32 percent to $$14.1 billion. Tim Cook, Apple’s chief executive, said sales had
been disappointing in some emerging markets such as India, Turkey and Brazil.
Apple sold fewer Mac computers and iPads than a year ago, but said revenues from its software division had
increased by 17 percent. Apple said it would continue to say how much revenue it makes from each of its product
lines, which it claimed was a more relevant figure than unit sales.
8.
What did the iPhone maker’s announcement cause?

A

It caused a stable market.

C.
It caused weaker shares.

B.
It caused a drop in sales.
D.
It caused an increase in sales.
9.
How were the sales of iPhones in the three months to the end of September last year?
.

A.
They were better than this year.

C.
They were not reported to the public.

B.
They were the same with this year.
D.
They were more terrible than this year.
10.
Why did the revenues increase as the shares slumped?
A.
The price was increased.

C.
The sales were beyond expectation.

B.
People supported iPhones.
D.
The iPhone maker started a promotion.
11.
What is the situation of the sales in some emerging markets?
A.
It has a big market.

C.
It is not very well received.

【答案】
8. C



9. B



10. A



11. C
【解析】

本文是一篇新闻报 道。作为世界上唯一的万亿美元的上市公司，苹果公司股票下跌；但是苹果公司说服消
费者购买更昂贵的
iPhone
版本，从而实现了利润的增长。

【
8
题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“
The announcement, combined with a forecast for the vital Christmas quarter, sent
shares falling by more than 7 percent in after-hours trading, knocking over $$70 billion off its value.
（苹果公司 的
公告，加上对关键的圣诞季的预测，导致股价在盘后交易中下跌超过
7%
，市值蒸发 逾
700
亿美元。
）”可
知，苹果公司的公告导致股价下跌。故选
C
项。

【
9
题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“
During this period, it sold 46. 9 million iPhones, flat on the same period last year and
below what analysts had expected.
（今年在截止
9
月底的三个月里，
iPhone
销量为
4690
万部，与去年同一时
期持平，不过低于分析预期。
）”可知 ，去年同一个时期的销量和今年是一样的。故选
B
项。

【
10
题详解】

细节理解题。第三段中提到“
it convinced consumers to buy more expensive versions of the iPhone
（苹果公司
说服消费者购买了更昂贵的
iPhone版本）
”；
第四段中提到“
Apple has successfully pushed its users into paying
more for newer versions of its iPhone by adding new features and bigger screen sizes.
（通过增加新功能和更大屏
幕，苹果成功地迫使用 户为新版
iPhone
支付更多费用。
）”由此可知，虽然股价下跌，但是苹果公司说 服消
费者为新功能、更大的屏幕花了比之前更多的钱，也就是价格上涨了。故选
A
项。

【
11
题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中“
Tim Cook,…said sales had been disappointing in some emerging markets such as
India, Turkey and Brazil.
”苹果的
CEO
表示 在诸如印度、土耳其和巴西这样的新兴市场中，苹果的销量让人
失望。因此可以推断，在这些新兴市场中 ，苹果并不是很受欢迎，市场有点惨淡。故选
C
项。

B.
The unit sales are good.
D.
It is uneven according to places.

D
A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces (
熔炉
) that
burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.
The death of a star is not a quiet event. First, there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space,
the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.
After the explosion, gravity pulls in what’s left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the
star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so dense that
a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds.
The more the star shrinks, the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity
pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the
light is pulled in, none can flee. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!
That’s what we know about black holes. What we don’t know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the
star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to
imagine.
But if the black hole doesn’t keep shrinki
ng, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like
doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In
other words, a black hole in our universe could turn into a “white hole”
in a different universe. As the black hole
swallows light, the white hole shines brightly
—
somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a
different time
—
many years in the past or future.
Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without
being crushed. So far the time being, black holes must remain a mystery.
Black holes are a mystery
—

but that hasn’t stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist
suggested that in the fu
ture we might make sure of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth’s energy
needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could someday be used to swallow earthly
waste
—
a sort of huge waste disposal in the sky!
12.
What do we know about stars in the universe?
A.
When a star begins to die, there’s no fuel left in it.

B.
After the explosion, a star gets as small as a teaspoon.
C.
A star explodes when it dies and then becomes smaller and smaller.
D.
A star gets smaller and smaller because the outer layer of a star sinks toward the center.
13.
Which of the following doesn’t help produce a black hole?


A.
The dying star shines very brightly.

C.
The gravity inside the star is very strong.

14.
What can we know from the passage?
A.
A star will blast and die when it lacks fuel to support its burning.
B.
Man can never travel through a black hole but can make use of its power.
C.
A black hole can swallow everything because it becomes smaller all the time.
D.
Scientists have found that a black hole goes into another universe and becomes a white hole.
15

What is the best title for the passage?
A.
A New Scientific Discovery: Black Holes

C.
What Are Black Holes?

【答案】
12. C



13. A



14. A



15. B
【解析】

B.
How Do Black Holes Come into Being?
D.
Travel Through A Black Hole
本文是说明文。文章阐述了黑洞产生的原因、产生的过程以及科学家们关于黑洞 的形成更多的困惑。

【
12
题详解】

细节理解题。
文章第一段中提到“
When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.
”，
第二段中提到“
The
death
of
a
star
is
not
a
quiet
event.
First,
there
is
a
huge
explosion.
”以及第三段中提到“
After
the
explosion,
gravity pulls in what’s left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and
s maller.
”由此可知，当恒星大部分燃料耗尽时，恒星就开始消亡，首先是爆炸。爆炸后，引力会 把恒星剩
余的部分吸进来，恒星会变得越来越小。故选
C
项。

【
13
题详解】

细节理解题。文章第三段中提到“
the star gets smaller and smaller. …A star is so dense that a teaspoon of matter
from it weighs billion of pounds.
”，恒星变得越来越小，密度变得非常大；第四段解释黑洞形成的原因“
The
more the star shrinks, the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in
is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled
in, none can flee. The star becomes black when there is no light.
”可知，恒星收缩，其内部的引力增强。引力
是如此强大，它甚至把光吸进恒星 ！没有光能逃出去。没有光，恒星就变黑了。然后黑洞形成了。由此可
知，选项
B
、< br>C
和
D
都是黑洞形成的原因；根据“
Since all the light is pulled in, none can flee. The star becomes
black
”可知，快消亡的恒星是不会发出明亮的光的。选
A
项。

【
14
题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“
A black hole is create
d when a large star burns out. …When most of the fuel is
.
B.
The light can’t go out of the star.

D.
The star becomes very tiny and dense.

used up, the star begins to die.
”和第二段中“
First, there is a huge explosion.
”可知，恒星燃料耗尽，缺乏燃料
支 持其燃烧时，就会爆炸并开始消亡。故选
A
项。

【
15
题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，文章首句提到“
A black hole is created when a large star burns out.(
当一颗恒星燃烧殆
尽时，黑洞 就产生了
)
”说明黑洞产生的原因是因为星体燃料耗尽，开始消亡；第
2
至< br>4
段是说明黑洞产生
的过程；
第
5
至
8
段是 科学家们关于黑洞的形成有更多的困惑和猜测。
文章是关于黑洞的形成，
因此文章的
标 题应该为“黑洞是如何形成的？”故选
B
项。

第二节

(
共
5
小题；每小题
2
分，满分
10
分
)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyone knows conferences are great for interpersonal relationships. Conferences are all about meeting people
and making friends. Of course, some of those new contacts may become customers for your company too, but don’t
try to sell to them at the conference unless you really have to.
_____16_____
.
The most difficult part of communication is always breaking the ice:
_____17_____
. We call it golden time.
Actually, it can be incredibly tough to walk into a room full of people, all of whom seem to know each other and are
involved in deep conversations. How on earth do you join in?
___18___
. It’s polite to introduce yourself and ask if you can join the group, but there’s nothing wrong with
standing and listening for a few minutes first.
The worst thing to do is to walk around looking busy. This is like holding up a sign saying “Please don’t talk to
me”. A much better solution, though, is to move slowly around the room, make eye contact with people, smile and say
“ hello”.
_____19_____
.
Sometimes, we’re our own worst enemies.
_____20_____
. However, when someone tries to engage us in
conve
rsation, we can’t wait to get away. If someone has made the effort to come up to you, they deserve at least five
minutes of your time, no matter how boring that person seems. And if you’re lucky, perhaps more people will join
your conversation group.
A.
We feel bad when no one wants to talk to us.
B.
The best thing to do is to try to get involved in one of the conversations.
C.
Just be yourself, and allow any business partnerships to appear naturally.
D.
Half the people in the group conversations are nervously trying to get involved.
E.
The most important thing to remember is that most people are in the same position as you.
F.
Starting a conversation with a stranger and keeping it going for the important five minutes.
G.
That way, even if you’re too nervous
to start a conversation, other people will understand it.