大学眼科医院新视野大学英语(第三版)第二册课后翻译答案及原文

宝。中国书法艺术的形成、发展与汉文字的产生与演进存在着密不可分的关系。

< br>汉字在漫长的演变发展过程中，

一方面起着交流思想、

继承文化的重要作用 ，

另

一方面它本身又形成了一种独特的艺术。

书法能够通 过作品把书法家个人的生活

感受、学识、修养、个性等折射出来，所以，通常有

字如其人

的说法。中国书

法不仅是 中华民族的文化瑰宝，而且在世界文化艺术宝库中独放异彩。

翻译：

Chinese calligraphy is a unique art and the unique art treasure in the world.

The formation and development of the

Chinese

calligraphy is

closely

related to

the

emergence

and

evolution

of

Chinese

characters.

In

this

long

evolutionary

process, Chinese characters have not only played an important role in exchanging

ideas

and

transmitting

culture

but

also

developed

into

a

unique

art

form.

Calligraphic

works

well

reflect

calligraphers'

personal

feelings,

knowledge,

self-cultivation, personality, and so forth, thus there is an expression that

the calligrapher's handwriting is like seeing the person

of Chinese culture, Chinese calligraphy shines splendidly in the world's treasure

house of culture and art.

Unit 2

原文：

A

MOOC

(massive

open

online

course)

is

an

online

course

aimed

at

unlimited

participation

and

open

access

via

the

web.

MOOCs

are

a

recent

development

in

distance

education

and

have

now

become

a

surging

trend

in

higher education. These classes are aimed at expanding a university's reach from

thousands

of

tuition-paying

students

who

live

in

town,

to

millions

of

students

around

the

world.

In

addition

to

traditional

course

materials,

MOOCs

provide

interactive user forums to support interactions between students and professors.

MOOCs can encourage communication among participants who bring a variety of

viewpoints,

knowledge,

and

skills

to

the

course;

inspire

people

to

on

subjects

that

they

wouldn't

otherwise

pursue

or

even

try

on

education

itself;

provide multiple ways to engage with course material, encouraging multimodal

(

多模式的

)

learning

that

can

address

the

needs

of

learners

with

a

variety

of

learning

styles;

and

inspire

better

teaching

and

use

of

technologies

for

face-to- face courses.

翻译：

慕课是一种网络课程，

慕课是

远程教育迈出的最 新一步，现已在高等教育领域迅速引领潮流。通过这些课程，

大学可以扩大影响的范围，

从影响成千上万住在城里付学费的学生，

扩展到惠及

全球 上百万的学生。除了拥有传统的课程资料，慕课还给使用者提供互动论坛，

支持学生和讲 师之间的交流。慕课能够促进参与者之间的交流，使得多种观点、

知识和技能涌现到课堂 上来；

它鼓励人们尝试之前不可能尝试的课程，

甚至是尝

试新的教育方式；

它提供多种学习课程资料的方式，

鼓励多模式学习，

习风格满足学习者的需求；

另外，

慕课促进 教学的改善，

使技术在面对面授课中

得以更好地应用。

原文：

近年来，

随着互联网技 术的发展，

我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大

的成就。

很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，

数字化教学在教育中发挥着越

来越大的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，

数字化教 学使教学资源得以全球共享；

另一方面，

它拓展了学习者的学习时间和

人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。

这 使得人类从

接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能。

翻

译

：

In

recent

years,

with

the

development

of

Internet

technology,

the

construction

of

digital

education

resources

of

our

country

has

made

great

achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms,

and

digital

teaching

is

playing

an

increasingly

important

role

in

education.

Compared

with

the

traditional

way

of

teaching,

the

digital

way

has

a

lot

of

advantages.

On

one

hand,

digital

teaching

makes

global

sharing

of

teaching

resources

possible;

on

the

other

hand,

it

expands

the

learner's

study

time

and

space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through

the

Internet

anytime

and

anywhere.

These

advantages

make

it

possible

for

people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.

Unit 3

原文：

As an important part of the American culture value system,

is

admired

by

most

American

people.

Americans

view

the

family

as

a

group

whose

primary purpose

is

to advance the

happiness

of

individual members.

In

contrast

to

many

other

cultures,

the

primary

responsibility

of

the

American

family

member

is

not

to

advance

the

family

as

a

group,

either

socially

or

economically. What would be best for the family is not usually considered to be

as important as what would be best for the individual. With freedom comes the

responsibility to care for oneself, for it is the freedom of choice that carries with

it the responsibility: to accept the consequences of the choices. Many Americans

give their children a lot of freedom because they want them to be independent

and

self-reliant.

Along

with

the

American

emphasis

on

individual

freedom,

the

belief in equality between

parents and children also has had a strong effect on

the family.

翻译：作为美国文化价值体系的一个重要组成部分，

个人 主义

受到大多数美国

人的推崇。

美国人认 为家庭作为一个群体，

其主要目的是促进家庭各成员的幸福。

与许多其他 文化相比，

美国家庭成员的主要职责，

不是在社会上或经济上提高整

个家庭的地位。

人们通常认为，

什么是对个人最好的要比什么是对家庭 最好的更

为重要。与自由相伴而来的是照顾自己的责任，因为所选择的自由承载了责任，

即必须接受自己的选择所带来的后果。

许多美国人给他们的孩子很多的自 由，

因

为他们希望孩子们能够独立和自力更生。

在美国人 强调个人自由的同时，

父母与

孩子间平等的信念也对美国家庭产生了巨大 的影响。

原文：孝道（

filial piety

）是中国古代社会的基本道德规范（

code of ethics< /p>

）

。中

国人把孝视为人格之本、

家庭和睦之 本、

国家安康之本。

由于孝道是儒家伦理思

想的核心，< /p>

它成了中国社会千百年来维系家庭关系的道德准则。

它毫无疑问是中

华民族的一种传统美德。孝道文化是一个复合概念，内容丰富，涉及面广。它既

有文化理念，又有制度礼仪（

institutional etiquette

）

。一般来说，它指社会要求

子女对父母应尽的义务，包括尊敬、关爱、 赡养老人等等。孝道是古老的

东方

文明

< /p>

之根本。

翻译：

Filial piety is the basic code of ethics in ancient Chinese society. Chinese

people consider filial piety as the essence of a person's integrity, family harmony,

and the nation's well-being. With filial piety being the core of Confucian ethics, it

has

been

the

moral

standard

for

the

Chinese

society

to

maintain

the

family

relationship for thousands of years. It's undoubtedly a traditional Chinese virtue.

The culture of filial piety is a complex concept, rich in content and wide in range.

It

includes

not

only

cultural

ideas

but

also

institutional

etiquettes.

Generally

speaking, it refers to the obligation of children to their parents required by the

society, including respect, care, support for the elderly and so forth. Filial piety is

fundamental to the ancient

Unit 4

原文：

Valentine's

Day

on

February

14

is

celebrated

in

various

American

and

European

countries.

It

is

a

holiday

of

love

and

romance

usually

by

exchanging

valentines

or

love

tokens

between

lovers.

There

are

different

origins

regarding

the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine

into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine

was

put

to

death

not

only

because

he

was

Christian,

but

also

because

he

had

cured

the

jailer's

daughter

of

blindness.

The

night

before

he

was

executed

he

wrote

her

a

farewell

letter

signed

your

Valentine

Later,

February

14

became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones. Today, people

celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers,

giving

chocolate

or

other

gifts,

or

joining

in

romantic

dinners.

The

holiday

has

now

become

popular

all

over

the

world.

In

China

the

festival

is

also

becoming

increasingly popular with young people.

翻译：美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝

2

月

14

日的情人节。这是一个充满爱情和浪漫

的节日，

恋人之间 通常都会交换情人卡和爱情信物。

关于这个节日的起源有着不

同的说法。

一个传说是罗马人把一个叫圣瓦伦丁的神父关进了监狱，

因为他拒绝

相信罗马神。

2

月

14

日那天，瓦伦丁 被处死，不仅因为他是基督徒，而且因为

他曾治愈了一位监狱看守双目失明的女儿。

他在被处死的前一天晚上给她写了一

封署名“你的瓦伦丁”的告别信。后来，

2

月

14

日就成了一个人们可以为他们

鲜花，

赠送巧克力或其他礼品，

或共进浪漫的晚餐。

现在这个 节日已流行世界各

地。在中国，这个节日也正越来越受年轻人的欢迎。

原文：农历七月初七是中国的七夕节

(Qixi

Festival)

，是中国传统节日中最具浪

漫色彩的一个节日。

一些大的商家每年都举办不同的活动，

年 轻人也送礼物给他

们的情人。因此，七夕节被认为是中国的“情人节”

( Valentine's

Day)

。七夕节

来自牛郎与 织女

（

Cowherd and Weaving Maid

）< /p>

的传说。

相传，

每年的这个夜晚，

天上的织 女都会与牛郎相会。

所以，

在七夕的夜晚，

人们可以看到牛郎织女 在银

河

（

the Milky Way

）相会。姑娘们也会在这一天晚上向天上的织女乞求智慧，

以获得美满姻 缘。

但随着时代的变迁，

这些活动正在消失，

唯有标志着忠贞爱情

的牛郎织女的传说一直流传民间。

翻译：

July 7th on the Chinese calendar is Chinese Qixi Festival, the most romantic

of all the traditional Chinese holidays. Every year, some big businesses organize

various activities, and young people send gifts to their lovers. As a result, the Qixi

Festival is considered to be Chinese

from

the

legend

of

Cowherd

and

Weaving

Maid.

The

legend

holds

that

on

this

particular night every year the Weaving Maid in heaven meets with Cowherd. So,

people

can

see

Cowherd

and

Weaving

Maid

meeting

in

the

Milky

Way

on

the

night of Qixi. On this night, girls would also beg Weaving Maid for some wisdom

for

a

happy

marriage.

But,

with

the

changing

of

times,

these

activities

are

diminishing. All that remains is the legend of Cowherd and Weaving Maid, a sign