-
高考英语的
10
种类型
高考作文分为实用文和应用文。
实用文包括：
1.
提纲作文；
2.
图表作文；
3.
图画作文；
4.
开放作文；
应用文包括：
5.
书信；
6.
通知；
7
简历；
8.
日记；
9.
便条；
10.
电子邮件。
1.
提纲作文
：在英语课堂上，你喜欢你的老师授课时只用英语，还是英语、汉语
兼用？某英语杂志社就此话题邀请中学生发表看法。请围绕
“
How do you prefer
your English classes to be taught? In
English only,or
in both English and Chinese?
这
个问题，参考所
给要点，选择一种授课形式，写一篇英语短文。
授课形式一：只用英语
优点：有助于提高听说能力等
缺憾：不易听懂等
结论：
授课形式二：英语、汉语兼用
优点：易于理解等
缺憾：英语氛围不浓等
结论：
注意：
1.
词数
100~120
，短文开头已给出
(
不计词数
)
。
2.
参考词汇：
atmosphere
氛围
满分文
(
一
)
I prefer my English
classes to betaught in both English and Chinese,
whose
advantage is that it is easy for
usto understand what the teacher talks about. The
teacher first teaches the classin
English, and then she explains those that are hard
to
understand to us sothat we get a
better knowing of the passage. That will be good
for
us.
However, teaching
the class in twolanguages will make the English
atmosphere
not so strong. Some students
whowish to be taught in English will be
disappointed.
Except for the
disadvantage, I thinkit is really good to hear two
languages
in classes. It can make us
morefamiliar with the foreign culture.
名师指导：
”
审题是作文的第一要素，
本文的审题准确无误。
无论是要点的把握还是结构
的组织都证明了这一点。
本文运用多种复杂句式，
整体看来是不错的。< /p>
文中的一
个复合句式显示了作者的英语功底。<
/p>
其他出彩短语的使用也很地道，
可以参看好
句中的分析。
背诵内容：
age n.
优点
familiar
with
，对某人熟悉
3. atmosphere n.
气氛
满分文
(
二
)
I prefer my English
classes to betaught only in English because it is
helpful for
us to improve the ability
ofspeaking and listening in a very short time. I
have strong
1
interest in Englishstudy and foreign
culture, so I
’
d like to be totally immersed in the
atmosphereof English so
that I can quickly make progress.
That
totalEnglish. However, since we are
all English beginners, it
’
s why I prefer
’
s really hard
tounderstand all that
the teacher says. Sometimes we need Chinese
explanation.
Somy viewpoint is that we
are taught not only in English but also using
Chineseas a
minor way to explain things
that are hard to understand.
名师指导：
本文写作十分成功。
语言和句式是本文最大的特点。
好词中词汇的使用，
将作者
的意思表达得完整而准确，
从而映衬了词汇的重要性；
其次，本文的句式以复杂句为
主，表语、定语和状语从句的使用都十分到位。应背好词：
1. immerse v.
沉浸
2.
explanation n.
解释
3.
make progress
取得进步
2.
图表作文
：今年寒假，你参加了社会实践活动，去某旅行社当业余导游。请根
据该旅行社提供的数据和你的所见所闻，
用英语写一篇短文，
作为寒假作业交给你的
英语老师。
Number of people in City X travelling
abroad in 1996, 2001 and 2006
要求：
简析表格，说明产生这种现象的原因；
2.
结合漫画，谈谈境外旅游出现的问题；
3.
针对所出现的问题阐述你自己的看法（至少两点）；
2
1.
4.
词数
120
左右；
5.
参考词汇：吐痰
spit v.
When people
’
s life is getting better and better,more and more people choose to spend
their holidays abroad.
The year 2006 seesa sharp increase in the number
of overseas
travelers compared with the
year2001, when the number was already much larger
than
that of the year 1996.
It
’
sa good thing that Chinese tourism is developing very fast.
However, reportsabout people
’
s bad manners flood in. Some are even asked if all
Chinese spitand
litter everywhere. The poor behavior has done
great harm to
the image ofChina, which
is really shameful.
China
has long been regarded as a country withgood
manners. Everybody should keep
some do
’
s and don
’
ts in their mind to guidetheir behavior in public, home and abroad.
Win respect for yourself
and ourcountry!
内容要点
1.
简析表格内容；
2.
出境旅游人数快速增长的原因，如：生活水平的提高（学生需自己发挥）
3.
漫画中的问题
:
随地吐痰，乱扔垃圾
4.
< p>个人的看法，指出这些行为是不文明的；要提倡社会公德（学生需自己发挥
至少两点
）
该篇文章完全完成了试题规定的任务。
准确、清楚地 表达了图表、漫画和要求
中的内容，
要点无遗漏，
< p>应用了较多的语法结构和词汇有效地使用了语句间的连
接成分，使全文结构紧凑，达
到了预期的写作目的。属于很不错的高分范文！
3.
图画作文
:
根据以下图画，写一 篇英语短文，描述今昔通讯方式的变化，以及
这些变化给人们生活带来的影响。
注意：
1
．词数：
100
左右
2
．生词：通讯：
communicate
互联网：
the Internet
Great changes have taken place in the
way of communication in people
In the past, people kept in touch with
each other mainly by writing letters or using
the public telephone. But now almost
everyone has his own mobile phone. People can
communicate with each other almost at
any place and at any time. What
people have easy access to the
Internet, which enables them to send and receive
e-mails when ever they like. With these
changes, people
’
s pace of life has been
3
’
s life.
s more,
’
quickened and people
’
s work has been made more efficient. It used to take several
days to hear from each other,
but now it takes only several minutes, even if
they are in
two different countries.
In a word, people have an easier life
nowadays.
名师点评：
此类文章首先要构思文章结构
开头：总起即说什么
常用句型
:
1.
In short, things have begun to improve since
2. Great changes have
taken place in
3.
With the growing popularity of Internet surfing in China, the quality of ourlives
is
improving.
4. There are some three
major values of owning a car, To begin
with
Next
There
are, on the other hand, more reasons against it.
First
，
Second
, Finally
主体：即怎么说？可用举例、对比、分析、数字、描写等。
列举过去的情况
Take
for example,
in the past she
. / sheused
to do besides
what
’
s more.
列举现在的情况
but now,
not only do/ can he
but also
he
;besides, in addition,
moreover, what
’
s more
结尾：总结
in short; in a word; as a result
4.
开放作文
：你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛
(group dancingcompetition)
，
班长希望大家积极参与。对此谈谈你的想法。
A group dancing competition will be
held in ourschool and the monitor calls on
everybody to take an active part in it.
Whilemost of my classmates are still
hesitating whether to participate, I
have saidyes to our monitor with great pleasure.
Generally speaking, there are two
reasons for mydecision. First, it is a good
opportunity for me to relax myself,
which willenable me to study more efficiently. All
work and no play makes Jack a dullboy,
so goes the saying, which clearly shows us
the importance of relaxation. Besides,I
think I am a good dancer after learning
dance for more than five ipating in the
contest will be a golden chance
for me
to show my dancingskills and make some
contributions to the class.
last
,
For the two reasons mentioned above, it
is nosurprise that I have such a
strong
enthusiasm on the group dancing competition.
你的文章必须包括以下内容：
1
）你是否会参加比赛；
2
）你做出该决定的具体理由。
所谓开放
“作文
”，是相对于我们过去一直沿用的
“书面表达
”这种指导性写作
(GuidedWriting)
而言的。它是一种比传统的
“书面表达
”限制较少的、留给考生自
由发挥空间更多的考查学生
书面表达能力的一种题型。开放作文属于命题作文，
考生要根据所给命题，
独立进行构思，
并必须做适当的发挥。
它在一定程度上考
查了考生的写作能力，
即要求考生根据写作动机选择相应的写作策略，
并根据自
己已经具备的相应知识完成写作。以下是开放作文常用句型
描述部分
4
1.
As can be seen from the picture, a b oy is doing
As we can see in the picture, there are
two peoplestaring at a plant growing in a pot.
In the picture, we can see a bucket
made of woodenboard in different length.
2. There be
doing
有四只小鸟翱翔在高高的天空上
.
There are four young birds flying high
in the sky.
3. See
doing
我们能看到一只大鸟在巢中休息
In the picture, we can see a big bird
resting in anest.
4.
while
对比
( )
在风中
,
大树折断了，而小草则依然挺立
.
In the wind, the tall tree breaks into
two halves,while the short grass remains
standing straight.
In the
eyes of the man on the left, the plants willgrow
thick and tall, while in
the other
’
s view, the plants will be dying prettysoon.
5.
地点状语放句首
,
主句全部倒装
.
地点状语
+live / fly / sit/ stand / grow /be +
名词
+
非限定性定语从句
.
在蜘蛛网的中间
,
坐着一个小孩
,
他整日坐在电脑前面和别人聊天和打游戏
In
the middle of the spider web sits a child, who
isoccupied in chatting with
others and
playing online games in front of thecomputer all
day long.
In the wind stands a big
tree, which is blown to oneside and almost broken
into
two halves.
On the
surface of the big clock are two people, one
ofwhom is an old man and
the other a
young boy.
In the middle of the picture
is a man dressed in oldfashioned clothes who is
cutting the bushes into the same shape.
6. It is obvious that
/ obviously
逻辑引领
( ,
承上启下
)
显而易见
,
这个孩子已经因为迷上网络而忽略学习
.
It
’
s obvious that the child is so addicted to theInternet that he forgets what he should
do.
解释部分
.
1. This picture sets us thinking and we
may gainenlightenment from what the
picture really means.
2.
What the picture conveys goes far beyond only apicture itself. It carries deeper
meanings.
3.
My understanding of the picture is that
4.
Seeing the picture, I think that
5.
We can often see this similar phenomenon in ourdaily life.
It is very
common in our society
This phenomenon
is not unusual in our society
This
reflects a common phenomenon in our society
6. The picture reminds me of the fact
that
7.
The picture sets us thinking a lot.
8.
It is obvious that the picture has a profound /hidden / irony meaning.
5
9.
The picture arouses our interest of guessing whatthe artist wants to tell us and at the
same time we can learn something
fromit.
10.
While the picture looks very funny, it really has aprofound meaning for us to
take into
consideration.
11.
The purpose of the artist who draws the cartoonpicture is clear and instructive as
well.
12. Obviously, we can learn a lot from
the cartoonpicture. What the picture tries to
tell us is that
结尾部分
1
．
Inmy view, no matter where we are working, we ought to cooperate
with ourcolleagues well. And only in
this way can we create a harmonious
workingatmosphere and work more
efficiently.
2
．
Frommy perspective, weak as the grass is, it can stand strongly in the big
windwhen the big
tree breaks in half. In other words, the grass
appears weak, butit has
a strong mind.
The tree looks stronger, but it cannot
conquerdifficulties and even
gives up
hope in the end. So we can learn a lesson fromthe
picture- a person
’
s inner
strength is much powerful than physical
strength.
3
．
Weought to hold a positive attitude towards our life. Only by this means can
welive happily and
healthily.
4
．
Thepicture tells us that we ought to help someone in our team to complete
by this means can our team
work better and achieve success in the end.
5
．
Onlywhen we see others
’
advantageswecanlearn from them and make greater
progressday by day.
6
．
Onlyby choosing the most suitable methods for our studies can we gain as
much aspossible in the end.
The picture arouses our interest of
guessing what theartist wants to tell us and at
the
same time we can learn something
from it.
10.
While the picture looks very funny, it really has aprofound meaning for us to
take into
consideration.
11.
The purpose of the artist who draws the cartoonpicture is clear and instructive
as well.
12.
Obviously, we can learn a lot from the cartoonpicture. What the picture tries to tell
us is that
5.
书信
：下面是一个中学生给某报编辑部写的一封信，仔细阅读并就信的内容以
编辑的名义给此中学生回一封信。
Dear
editor.
I aman active girl, and I speak
and laugh loudly in the classroom, like a boy.
Idon
’
t care about small matters. On the contrary, my neighbor, the girl who sitsnext to
me, speaks quietly and
dare not do the things I often do. I canunderstand
this.
What Ican
’
t stand is that she often gets angry with me about small things. How
can Iget along with her?
6
yours
,
Sunn
y
注意：
1)
书信格式要规范；
2)
回信需就原信内容给出至少三条建议（如谈心，相互理解，参加他们
的生日等活动，谈论共同话题，
分享快乐等等）；
3)
字数：
120
左右。
范文：
Dear Sunny,
It
’
svery good that you want to be friends with this girl. In my opinion, you
first have a heart-to-heart talk with
her, because understanding eachother is very
important for you two. And I also think
it
’
toaskbetterherfortoyoujoin you and your
classmates in all kinds of
activities, such asbirthday parties, going out for
a walk,
discussing some fashionable
topics, andso on. Besides, helping each other is
also
very important for both of you.
Justshare happiness and sadness with her. And I
believe she will understand you intime
and it is certain you two will be good friends in
the future. Good luck toyou.
Yours,
Editor
名师点评：
英信一般分为商业信函
(business letters)
和私人书信
(personal letters)
两种，而书面
表达一般都是要求写私人书信。它
包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和
签名，具体如下：
1
．信头：寄信人的地址和写信日期，写在信的右上角。注意中地名的写法与中 文
不同，要从小到大；日期的写法也与中文不同，不是写在签名之下，而是写在寄
信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达，即月、日、年，月，日与年
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