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小学生安全教育教案高考英语图表类作文写作技巧讲解

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://bjmy2z.cn/zuowen
2020-12-25 17:55
tags:英语, 高中教育, 高三英语

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2020年12月25日发(作者:顾非熊)


高考英语图表类作文写作技巧讲解


一、考点分析



图表作文以说明文和议论文为主。考查时要求学生根据所给的图表、数据等进行分析,


阅读文字和说明,

然后组织语言进行写作,

得出令人信服的结论,

必要时还要加入个人观点。



二、专题详解


1

文体一:

说明文


文体特点

:(重事实)


说明文是以说明为主要表达方式,用简洁明了的语言来解释说明事物,阐明事理。


它要求语言要简明扼要,客观准确。


框架:


第一段:概括说明内容


常用的词有:

, a pie chart

饼图

, a bar chart

柱状图

, graph, survey, picture


be, show, represent, illustrate, reveal,


3. figure, statistic, number, percentage, proportion


常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法)

:


graph/chart/table above shows / describes / illustrates that...


2. From the above graph/chart, it

can be seen that…


3. As shown in the graph / survey, …


chart/

table shows the differences between…


5.

I launched an inquiry into… / I conducted a survey on…

/ to



第二段:描述变化情况并分析引起变化的因素


A.

写作关键:



1

10


1.

对比分析,寻找数据的变化规律;


2.

筛选数据这些数据是否具有典型代表性、

是否需要一一列出?一般而 言首尾数字以及增减


值是必需的;


3.

强调数据间的关系,突出变化。


B.

常用词汇和套语:


a.

描写数据变化常用套语

:


增加:


was a great / stable / slight increase /rise in…


倍数:


number /rate has nearly doubled, compared with that of last year.


number is …times as much as that of….


保持不变:


1985, the number remained the same.


减少:


5. There was a gradual

sharp decline in 1989.


分别列举:


6.

The numbers / percentages are… and…respectively.



b.

说明因果关系


表示原因:

as / since / due to / owning to / thanks to / because (of)


进一步解释:

that is to say / to put it another way


表示结果:

therefore / thus / as a result ( consequence), so that


提示例证:

(take…)for example / instance, …such as (

一般不用于句首

),


常用套语

:


提出第一个原因:



2

10


The first reason can be seen by every person.


The first and most impo

rtant reason / One of the premier causes is that…


解释某一种现象:


…is the cause of …


…mainly / partially contribute(s) to the tendency of…


…account(s) for the fact / phenomenon…


总括性解释原因:


There exist… reasons, which may account for this

difference.


The reasons for the phenomenon may be as follows:


There are several causes for this significant growth in….


例证:


This point can be confirmed by the fact / example of + n


n + is a case in point.



第三段:总结归纳

/提议/提出解决办法


结尾常用套语


1.

In my opinion / Perso

nally / As far as I’m concerned


2.

In short/ In brief/ In a word/ In conclusion /In summary/ To sum up,


3.

From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that…


4.

Obviously,

if

we

want

to…,

it

is

necessary…/

There

is

no

doubt

that

atten

tion must

be


paid…



2

文体二:

议论文


文体特点

:(重说理)


议论文 是以议论为主要表达方式的一种文体。论证讲求逻辑合理,例证充分。



3

10


框架:


第一段:概括图表内容:


第二段:分析引起变化的因素

(原因)


常用连接词

:


顺序:

To begin with .... In addition / Furthermore/ Moreover, ...


First (of all)

above all, …Second / Then / Next, …Finally…


平行:

as well

as, together with , not only …but also ...


选择:

or , either...or…


顺接:

besides /what’s more / in addition /also /moreover /worse still


转折:

however, but, otherwise (

否则

)

ne vertheless

(然而)


eg: The result may be unexpected; nevertheless, it is true.


对比:

while

/ unlike / by/in contrast, … (

句间对比

)


eg: The medical facilities in big cities are mostly advanced. In contrast, their counterparts in


the country

tend to be of lower quality.


条件:

if , on the condition ( that ) , as long as , unless


让步:

though, in spite of (

尽管

,

对已存在的状况让步

)


even if

(即使,对还没发生的状况让步)



第三段:总结归纳

/提议/提出解决办法



其他注意点:


1

)图表的参照时间和所使用的单位;


2

)从而正确选用时态。一般而言,没有参照时间的表格和图表常用一般现在时,有参 照时


间的一般选用一般过去式;


3

)语态上可以选择被动语态,以凸显客观性。




4

10


例文

1


根据以下图画,

写一篇英语短文,

描述今昔通讯 方式的变化,

以及这些变化给人们生活


带来的影响。



注意:


1

.词数:

120

左右


2

.生词:通讯:

communicate (with sb.) vi. communication n


互联网:

the Internet n.



分析


从材 料的呈现方式

(两幅图对比)

及材料所提供的要求

描述变化及影响

可知,

本文应


该用说 明文体来写作。


难点:时态


一般情况下,说明文应用一般现在时,但本文描述的是今昔通讯方式的变化,所以在


描写 过去通讯方式的时候要用一般过去时,例如

in the past, people kept in touch with each


other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone

It used to take several days to hear


from each other.

在描写过去发生的动作对 现在造成的影响时,谓语动词要用现在完成时,例


如本文的起始句可用

“ Great changes have taken place in the way of communication in people’s


life in recent years”

及讲述影响的过渡句

“with these changes, people’s pace of life has been


quickened and people’s work has been made more efficient”.



范文

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