-
ake steamed bread, stuffed bun, various kinds
of noodles, and meat dumpling,
etc.
3. Tastes differ in
different places in China: people of Shanxi
Province can’t live without vinegar while people
of Sichuan have an inclination for chili food;
northerners are inclined to eat salty food while
southerners are fond of sweet food. To sum up,
southerners have a sweet taste while northerners
have a salty one; easterners prefer something
peppery while westerners like something
sour.
4. As a long-established
living custom, Chinese people are accustomed to
three meals a day. They always take cuisine and
enjoyment, appreciation and health into account.
So in Chinese recipes the delicacies not only
sound pleasing to the ear, look colorful and
bright to the eye, but taste delicious to the
palate. Besides, in Chinese recipes there are many
dishes cooked with herbs. They are both
incomparably tasty and highly nutritious.
5. People of Shanghai like
seafood and they always cook it exquisitely. The
reputed dish “Squirrel Fish”, which is made of
fish into a squirrel form, is so vivid and
bewildering that you will be reluctant to eat it.
6. Foreign friends visiting
China should not miss the chance of sampling the
Chinese flavors and enjoying the Chinese cuisine
culture.
7. Sichuan, reputed as
the “Land of Abundance”, is rich in natural
resources. It has a great variety of snacks of
local flavors with all kinds of tastes: sour,
sweet, peppery, bitter, spicy and salty. The
famous Chuan Cuisine has its birthplace
there.
8. Northeastern cuisine
originates from Shandong Cuisine, featuring picked
and salted dishes. They are characterized by the
heaviness and saltiness in taste, the greatness in
amount, catering to the eating habits of the
Northerners.
9. Cocktail is a
spirit mixed with assorted alcoholics (such as
brandy, whiskey, gin, and ram) and other
flavorings. Since cocktail is a kind of mixed
drink, it should be drunk as soon as it is
mixed.
10. Usually, the imported
wine is marked on the bottle with the symbols
showing how long the wine is stored. For instance,
“★” represents 3-4 years; “★★” around 5 years;
“★★★” over 8 years; “V.O” over 10 years; “V.S.O.”
more than 15 years; “ V.S.O.P.” over 20 years;
“F.O.V.” over 30 years; “ X.O” over 40 years; “
E.X.H.A” over 50 years.
-----------------------------
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[1] 把菜肴放在热油里炒到半熟,以备再加作料烹熟
(stir-fry before stewing)。
[2]
USAGE: Food is stewed or boiled in a pot with
water, on top of the fire. One eat all the
contents of a pot of stewed food, while the water
is poured away before one eats, for example,
boiled potatoes. If an inner vessel is used, so
that the water does not directly touch the food,
the food is steamed. Simmering is very gentle slow
boiling, and braising, which is used only of meat,
means cooking slowly i
n a covered
pot with a little fat and water. Frying means
cooking on top of the fire in fat or oil. Cooking
by direct heat (usually under the grill in a
modern kitchen) is called grilling (American
English called broiling), unless the direct heat
is used on bread or bread-like foods that are
already cooked, to make them hard and brown, when
the word is toasting. To cook inside the oven is
to bake, but a large piece of meat is said to be
roasted whether it is cooked in the oven or, as
often in former times, over a fire. One bastes a
piece of meat while it is being roasted by pouring
some of its own juice back over it from time to
time, with a spoon. – From Longman Dictionary of
Contemporary English
[3] 略微煮一下,
或加淀粉汁急火快炒(quick-fry)。
[4]
煨烂或用微火炖(stew, braise)。
[5]
菜炒熟后加芡粉拌和(braise)。
[6] 把肉、葱等用热油略炒,
再加作料和水煮(stir-fry over hot fire),或将菜肴放在沸水中略煮,取出后再用酱
油、醋等作料来拌。
[7] 微火烘烤 ( bake,
torrefy)。
[8] 利用蒸汽使密闭容器中的食物变熟(heat
with vapor in airtight vessel)。
各种米面食品词汇 面粉 flour 面条,挂面
noodle 豆面bean flour 米饭 rice 炒米饭fried rice
爆米花puffed rice 爆玉米花popcorn 面包 bread 豆包steamed bun
stuffed with sweetened bean paste 包子steamed
stuffed bun 肉包子steamed bun with meat stuffing 比萨饼
pizza 蛋糕,饼子 cake 小甜饼 cookie 月饼 mooncake 馅饼 pie
烙饼flapjack 发面饼leavened pancake 汉堡包 hamburger 热狗
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sandwich 馒头 steamed bread 包子,小圆面包bun 油条
fried bread stick 烧饼 clay oven rolls 葱花饼green
onion pancake 饺子,丸子,汤圆 dumplings 粥 porridge
棒子面粥cornmeal porridge (mush) 麻花 (fried dough
twist) hemp flowers 干酪汉堡包 cheeseburger 意大利细面条
spaghetti (一片)面
包皮,糕饼的面制外壳 crust 黑面包
brown bread 炒米fried rice 炒面fried noodles
干炒面parched flour 炒冷饭rehash 蛋炒饭rice fried with eggs
抻面hand-pulled noodles 担担面sichuan noodles with
peppery sauce 糕饼(点)pastry 挂面vermicelli 灌肠sausage
花卷steamed roll 馄饨dumping soup 火烧儿backed wheaten
cake 饺子dumpling 饺子皮dumpling wrapper 饺子馅stuffing
烙饼a kind of pancake 凉拌面cold noodles in sauce
打卤面noodles served with thick gravy 土豆泥mashed
potato 年糕New Year cake 烧饼sesame seed cake 馅儿饼meat
pie 压缩饼干pilot bread (hardtack) 糌粑zanba 面包渣bread
crumbs 炸酱面noodles served with fried bean sauce 肉食
烘烤肉 barbecued meat 肉 meat 牛肉beef 羔羊肉 veal 羊肉
mutton 牛脊肉 sirloin 牛排,肉排,鱼排 steak 排骨 chop 肉条,肉片
cutlet 猪肉 pork 炖肉 stew 烤肉 roast 火腿 ham 咸肉,熏猪肉
bacon 香肠 sausage 意大利香肠 pepperoni 鸡肉 chicken
火鸡turkey 炖鸡stewed chicken 鸭肉 duck 鱼肉 fish 肉汤 broth
肉冻儿jellied meat 烤肉串(印度,土耳其) kebob 咖喱牛肉beef curry
牛肉干儿jerked beef (dried beef) 肉类罐头cannel meat
鱼罐头canned fish 回锅肉twice-cooked pork 烤肉roast (meat)
烤羊肉串roast mutton cubes on a skewer 烤鸭roast duck
北京烤鸭roast Beijing duck 腊肉bacon 腊肠sausage 肋条pork
ribs 牛排beefsteak 藕粉lotus root starch 排骨spareribs
(ribs) 糖醋排骨spareribs in sweet-sour sauce
清蒸鱼steamed fish 肥肉fat meat 瘦肉lean meat 熏肉smoked
meat 肉饼meat pie 肉丁diced meat 肉末ground meat (肉馅)
肉丝shredded meat 肉松dried meat floss 肉汤broth
肉丸子meatball 清炒虾仁saute of shrimps 猪下水pig’s offal
咸肉salt meat (bacon) 熏肉smoked meat 腌肉salted meat
烤羊肉串kebab 鱼翅shark’s fin 鱼片slices of fish meat
鱼松dried fish floss 杂碎chopped cooked entrails
炸鸡fried chicken 其它食物 豆沙sweetened bean paste
豆腐脑儿jellied bean curd 饼干 biscuit 糕点 pastry 蛋 egg
蛋白,蛋清egg white 蛋黄yolk 蛋壳eggshell 果核,果仁 kernel
点心pastry 布丁 pudding 春卷 spring rolls 蛋卷 egg rolls
绿豆糕 bean paste cake 八宝粥 eight-jewel rice 锅巴 rice
crust 蜂蜜 honey 巧克力 chocolate 糖果 candy 水果糖 drop 薄荷糖
mint 口香糖 (chewing )gum 棒糖sucker 方糖cube sugar
奶粉powdered milk 蜜饯 compote 果酱 jam 葡萄干 raisin 炸薯条
French fries 炸土豆片 crisp 炸薯条 chips 奶制品 dairy 奶酪
cheese 蛋卷冰淇淋ice cream cone 一种印度风味冰淇淋 kulfi
泰式炒倮条(一种米制粉条) phat ( 印地)萨莫萨三角饺, 五香三角菜(肉) 饺 samosa
含蔬菜, 细面条及肉的浓汤(源于意大利) minestrone soup
烤干酪辣味玉米片(墨西哥人食用的) nacho 果仁蜜糖千层酥(土耳其,希腊等) baklava
火锅 hot pot (马铃薯等切下的)细长的条,薄片 chip 炒菜a fried dish
糖炒栗子 chestnuts
roasted in sand with
brown sugar 奶 milk 水果 fruit 蔬菜 vegetable 甜点,甜食
desert 茶点tea and pastries 小吃,点心 snack 果脯preserved
fruit 罐头tin (can) 水果罐头canned fruit 罐头食品tinned food
锅巴rice crust 干果dry fruit 果冻jelly 坚果nut 果酱jam
海米dried shrimps 海味choice seafood 海鲜seafood
荷包蛋fried eggs (poached eggs) 花生米shelled peanut
炒鸡蛋scrambled eggs 煎鸡蛋fried eggs 煮鸡蛋hard-boiled
eggs 鸡蛋糕sponge cake 酱豆腐fermented bean curd
口香糖chewing gum 葵花子sunflower seeds 奶酪junket
干锅酪sweet nut paste 凉糕cake made of glutinous rice
served cold in summer 核桃酪walnut cream 吃零食nibble
between meals 美味小吃dainty snacks 奶糖toffee 奶油cream
泡泡堂bubble gum 巧克力chocolate 巧克力豆marble chocolate
软糖soft sweets 萨其马saqima 山楂糕haw jelly 烧茄子stewed
eggplant 流食liquid diet 松花蛋preserved egg 松子pine nut
素菜vegetable dish 汤圆stuffed dumplings 水果糖fruit
drops 奶油软糖cream candy 糖葫芦sugarcoated haws on a
stick 一屉馒头a trayful of steamed buns 窝头steamed
bread of corn 西餐Western-style food 燕窝edible bird’s
nest 野味game 营养品nutriment 油茶面flour fried in beef
fat and sugar and sesame 主食staple food (principal
food) 粽子a pyramid-shaped dumpling 饮料 茶 tea
花茶jasmine tea 菊花茶chrysanthemum tea 龙井茶longjing tea
砖茶brick tea 杏仁茶almond paste 茶末tea dust 淡茶weak tea
浓茶strong tea 绿茶green tea 咖啡 coffee 可乐 colo 汽水,软饮料
soft drink 果汁,果汁饮料 juice 豆酱 soya-bean milk (bean
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