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200年的第一场雪考研英语作文框架

作者:高考题库网
来源:https://bjmy2z.cn/zuowen
2020-12-23 04:12
tags:高等教育, 考研英语作文, 研究生入学考试

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2020年12月23日发(作者:房庆恺)


考研英语作文框架


第一部分框架结构


(一)

INTRODUCTION

:引言

/

起始

/

淘金段,图画

/

图表描述 段,

3

句。


1. General description

:总体描述,

1

句。


2. Details 1

2

3

:挖掘细节词、联结成句,

1-2

句 。


3. Caption

:文字说明,

1

句。

< p>
(二)

BODY

:主体

/

拓展段,意 义阐释段,

5

句。


1. TOPIC SENTENCE

:主题句,即

SYMBOLICMEANINGS

(象征寓意)

1

句。


2. ARGUMENT

:论证,

3

句。


1

)五大角度:

Background, facts, others’ opinions, reasons,


consequence


2

)六种手段:

Cause and effect, Classification, Definition and


explanation, Statistics and facts, Exemplification, Compare and


contrast


3

)联系现实


(三)

CONCLUSION

:结论段,建议措施段,

4

句。


1. Concluding sentence

:结论句,

1

句。


2. Suggestions 1

2

:针对双方提建议,

2

句。


3.

包装结尾,展望未来:

1

句。


第二部分框架详解


(一)

IN TRODUCTION

:引言

/

起始段,图画

/< /p>

表描述段,

3

句。


1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

:总体描述,

1

句,第 一段主题句。


人物

/

动物

/

事物+动作+环境,

或人物+服装+表情。

图画作文第一段< /p>


一般是图画或图表描述,不应发表太多议论,第一段发表议论属于跑题。请


考生牢记,考研是提纲作文。


下面以考过的图画作文为例:


1

1998

:这幅图画生动地描述了一只母鸡正在做出承诺(并非下蛋)。


As is vividly revealed in the cartoon,

a hen is making promises.


2

2000

:这些图画生动地描述了鱼 和渔船在过去一百年内数量的变化。


The drawings vividly illustrate

the changes of numbers of fishes


and fishing-boats in the past 100 years.


3

2001

:这幅图画生动地描述了一盏灯在黑暗中闪光(一支火苗在黑暗


中微笑) 。


It is vividly described in the picture that

a lamp is lightening in


the darkness/a spark is smiling in the darkness.


4

2002< /p>

:这幅图画生动地描述了一位可爱的美国小女孩身穿传统中国服


装,面带甜 美的微笑。


The photo vividly shows

a lovely American girl in traditional


Chinese costume with a sweet smile on her face.


5

2003< /p>

:这些图画生动地描述了一朵娇弱的鲜花在不同环境中的命运。


This set of drawings vividly reflects

the destiny of a delicate


flower under different circumstances.


6

2004

这幅图画生动地描述了一个小男孩在操场上跑步

(跑道上冲刺)


It is vividly illustrated in the cartoon that

a boy is running on the


playground/making the final spurt along the race track.


7

2005

:这幅图画生动地描述了四个孩子在球场上打一场养老

足球赛


As is vividly depicted in the drawing,

four young people are


playing a


playground.


8

2006

:这些图画生动地描述了贝克汉姆目前在中国很受欢迎。


The pictures vividly reveal

that Beckham is extremely popular in


China at present.


2. DETAILS 1

2

3

:挖 掘细节词,联结成句,

1-2

句。


1< /p>

1998

While laying eggs, she is proudly promises that her eggs


are all round and oval-shaped rather than twisted. In addition,


they are all composed of eggshells, egg whites and yolks.


在下蛋的同时,母鸡骄傲地承诺她下蛋不见棱见角。此外,保证有蛋皮 、


蛋清、蛋黄。


2

2000

In one picture, there were various kinds of fishes and only


one fishing-boat in 1900.

On the contrary,

in 1995 there was only


one fish, but a great many fishing-boats.


在一幅图中,

190 0

年时有很多种鱼,但只有一艘捕鱼船。相反,在

1995


年只有一条鱼,但是有很多捕鱼船。


3

2001

An oil lamp is designed with a flame showing a child’ s


smile. It looks so pure and innocent that we can almost feel the


care and warmth from the symbol of love.


一盏油灯的火苗露出孩子的微笑。它看起来如此天真无邪,以至于我们几


乎可以感受到 来自这个爱心象征的关爱和温暖。


4

2002

She wears ribbons, earrings, necklaces and other


accessories that are characteristic of the clothes of a certain


Chinese minority group. Besides, the costume has added oriental


charm to her beautiful appearances.


她戴着具有中国某个少数民族特征的发带 、耳环、项链和其他装饰品。此


外,这套服装为她美丽的外表增添了东方的魅力。


5

2003

In the first drawing, the flower is placed in a comfortable


greenhouse which protects it from the threatening storm.

By


contrast,

when it is exposed to the driving rain, the fragrant flower


soon fades and withers, with petals cast about on the ground.


在第一幅图 中,这朵鲜花被放在舒适的温室中,免于可怕的风雨侵袭。相


反,当它暴露在暴雨之下时 ,这朵芳香的花朵迅速凋谢枯萎,花瓣散落一


地。

6

2004

After a long journey, he is making the final spurt toward


the finishing line, sweat pouring down his face. Straight ahead


liesa sign which indicates a new


him to continue rushing to the next destination.

经过长途跋涉之后,

这个小男孩朝着终点进行最后的冲刺,

汗水淌下脸庞。< /p>


在他面前有一个标志显示着新的

起点

”< /p>

并且激励他继续向着下一个目标冲


刺。


7

2005

In the cartoon, each of them stands in the different corner


of the field. The elder son kicks out the old father, with the other


three children guarding their goals.


图画中,每个孩子站在球场的一角。大儿子踢出老父亲,其他三个孩子 守


着球门。


8

2006

In the first photo, there is a young man with Beckham on


his face. In the second picture, there is another young man who is


doing Beckham’ s haircut in a barber’ s shop.


在第一张照片中,一个年轻人脸上写着贝克汉姆。在第二幅图中,另外一

个年轻人正在理发店做贝克汉姆的发型。


3. CAPTIONS

:文字说明,

1

句。


20012007

这七年中,有六年的图画中都有中文的文字说 明,可以


翻译过来作为首段末句。

基础较好的同学可以不写,

< p>只写

总体描述+挖掘细


即可,重点在于描述图画;

基础一般的同学可以写一句挖掘细节,再加一


句文字说明。


1

2001

The caption reads,


in darker places


文字说明显示:

爱心是一盏灯,在越 黑暗的地方越明亮。


2

2003

We are informed that,


cannot withstand the test of a storm


文字说明显示:< /p>

温室花朵经不起风雨。


3

2004

The caption reads,


point


文字说明显示:

终点又是新起点。


4

2005

We are informed that it is a


financ

ially support the elderly”.


文字说明显示:这是一场

养老足球赛


5

2006

In the first cartoon,

the caption indicates that


for the idol is written on the face”. In the second photo, we are


informed that he is spending 300 Yuan imitating his idol’s haircut.


在 第一幅图中,文字说明显示

把崇拜写在脸上

。 在第二幅图中,我们得知


这个年轻人

300

元做个小贝头


(二)

BODY

:主体

/

拓展 段,意义阐释段,

5

句。


图画作文的创 作原则是:以小见大,把握象征寓意,个体想为群体,具


体想为抽象。



1. TOPIC SENTENCE

主题句:

1

句。


应是

symbolicmeanings

,即图画或图表的深层象征寓 意。此句是文


章的中心思想,也是第二段的主题句,承上启下。


1

1998

The symbolic meaning of the picture is to show us that


importance should be attached to the widespread meaningless


promises made by people from all walks of life.


这幅图画的象征寓意是我们应该充分重视各行各业的人们所做出的广泛而


无意义的承诺。


2

2000

The purpose of the drawer is to show us that due


attention has to be paid to the decline ocean resources.


这位画家的目的是告诉我们应该充分重视海洋资源的减少。


3

2001

The picture illustrates the real meaning of love, by


stressing the fact that love is emotional strength, which can


support us no matter how dark the world around us becomes.


无论我们周围的世界变得如何黑暗,爱都是能够支撑我们的一种情感力 量。


这幅图画通过强调这一事实,阐释了爱的真正含义。


4

2002

The fact that people from different countries are attracted


to mysterious Chinese culture indicates that to some extent a


culture can be accepted, respected, appreciated and shared


internationally.


各国人 民被神秘的中国文化所吸引这个事实,显示了在某种程度上,一种


文化可以被接受、尊重 、欣赏和分享。


5

2003

Undoubtedly, the drawings have symbolically revealed a


serious problem in our daily life, parents’

doting care to only


children in the current society.


毫无疑问,这些图画象征性地显示了我们日常生活 中的一个严重问题:当


代社会中父母对独生子女的溺爱。


6

2004

The cartoon conveys the meaning that life is like the


process of running in which one should make constant efforts and


never stop making progress.


这幅图画揭示了人生就像跑步的 过程,

需要不断付出努力,

决不停止进步。


7

2005

The purpose of the drawing is to show us that utmost


importance should be attached to the mistreatment of senior


citizens.


这幅图画的目的是告诉我们应该重视虐待老年人的问题。


8

2006

The pictures have subtly reflected the social phenomenon


that idol worship is prevalent among the teenagers nowadays.


这些图画微妙地反映了偶像崇拜在当今青少年中非常盛行这一社会现象。



2. ARGUMENT

论证:

3

句。


考生最常犯的问题就是只有论点,没有论据。牢记:每个观点后面都应


有原因、 解释或例证。


1

)五大角度:


任何问题都可从五大角度进行论证,考试中选取任何一个角度均可。建


70%

的同学从原因的角度进行论证。


BACKGROUND

背景:


考研大作文都是一个问题,任何问题都不是凭空出现的,都有其政治、


经济、文化和社会背景。


例如

2006

年作文:


A. With globalization, idol worship is extremely popular among the


adolescents.


随着全球化的进展,偶像崇拜在青少年中非常流行。


B. With the speedy social and economic development, youngsters


in mounting numbers admire the celebrities.


随着社会经济的迅速发展,越来越多的年轻人崇拜名人。


C. With the reform and opening-up in recent decades in China,


young people in expanding numbers adore superstars.


随着中国近年来的改革开放,越来越多的年轻人崇拜明星。


FACTS

事实:


There is no denying the fact that a great many fans worship pop


singers, film and sports stars.


不可否认很多

粉丝

崇拜流行歌手、影星、体育明星等。


OTHERS

’ OPINIONS

反方观点:


任何一个问题都包含正反 两方面观点,你的观点即正方观点,与你对立


的为反方观点。英文写作讲究欲扬先抑、欲 进则退,在提出正方观点之前,


可以先提出反方观点,并进行驳斥。


A. 2001

When we use the word

we do not simply mean an


attraction to a person of the opposite sex, which is a very narrow


definition of the word.


当我们使用

< p>”

这个字时,

我们不仅仅指对于异性的吸引,

这只是这个单词


的狭隘定义。


B. 2002

What the picture conveys goes far beyond only a new


fashion trend. Instead, it carries cultural meanings.


这幅图画所表达的内涵远不只是一种新的时装潮流。反之,它具有文化内


涵。


C. 2003

To begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us


that the flower growing in the green house cannot withstand the


test of the storm, yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed


should be taken more seriously.


首先,

这两幅图的目的是要告诉我们

温 室里的花朵经不起风雨

而其微妙


传达 出的象征意义更应被重视起来。


D. 2004: Once a person stops making progress, he can hardly


maintain his past glory and survive in this competitive world.


一旦一个人停止 进步,他很难保持过去的荣耀并在这个竞争世界中生存下


去。


REASONS

原因:


根据最新考研大纲,

阅卷老师在图画作文第二段最希望看到的是对这个


问题原因的分析,任何问题的出现至少应给出

2-3

点原因,不能只有一 点原


因。

70%

的考生第二段最好去分析问题的原因,这 是我们的写作重点。


例如

2004

年:


Owing to the quickening pace of life, competition goes increasingly


fierce in all walks of life, stimulating everyone to pursue one goal


after another.


由于生活 节奏加快,各行各业的竞争日渐激烈,激励每一个人追求一个又


一个目标。


CONSEQUENCE

结果:


任何问题都有结果,结果一般有利有弊。


A. 2002: Since the trend of globalization become irresistible,


cultural communication can effectively improve mutual


understanding and friendship.

< /p>


由于全球化潮流不可阻档,因此文化交流可以有效地增进相互间的理解和

< br>友谊。


B. 2003

Once the young people begin to seek independence and


accept challenges from the real world, they are found too spoiled to


be strong enough in the face of difficulties.


年轻人已经被父母惯坏,一旦他们开始 在现实世界中寻求独立并接受挑战,


很难坚强地面对困难。


2

)六种手段:


英文论说文有 六种常见的论证手段,最常使用的是因果、分类和举例论


证。


CAUSE AND EFFECT

因果论证:


英文写作非常讲究逻辑性,< /p>

最常见的逻辑就是因果关系。

一般前果后因,


即结果在前, 原因在后,和中文写作的前因后果正好相反。考研写作每段第


一句均为主题句,即结果, 后面的论证就是原因,所以每段均为因果论证。


2005

年:


First and foremost, some people shirk their duty of financially


supporting their old and helpless parents due to their own interests.


Furthermore, some elderly people are often ill- treated by their own


children and cannot lead a normal life. Last but not least, while


some young people enjoy a comfortable life, their parents are


neglected and reduced to utter poverty.


首先,有些人由于自己的利益逃避赡养他们年迈无助父母的责任。其次,


有些老年人经常被他们自己的子女虐待,不能过正常生活。最后,当一些


年轻人 享受舒适生活的同时,他们的父母被忽视,一贫如洗。


CLASSIFICATION

分类论证:


建议考研 同学进行分类论证,

在第二段写

2-3

点原因或例证,

< p>第三段写


两点建议,这样结构更严谨,逻辑更清晰。


DEFINITION AND EXPLANATION

定义和解释:


A.

定义:

采用自问自答的设问形式,

这也是英文写作常见的修辞手段。


多数同学喜欢平铺直叙,故使用设问容易引起考官注意。在文中运用一两次

即可,不宜过多。


2006

年:


What is idol worship? Idol worship is usually the adolescents’


admiration to famous stars.


什么是偶像崇拜?偶像崇拜通常是年轻人对明星的仰慕。


B.

解释:

即换个角度把上一句说一遍,仅用一次即可。


2003

年:


In other words, a nation’s unique culture can become international


through worldwide economic and cultural exchanges.


换言之,一个民族的独特文化可以通过全球性 的经济和文化交流走向世界。


STATISTICS AND FACTS

统计和事实:


大多数同学空喊口号 ,所以使用数字说话很有说服力,自己可以虚构一些数


据,只要自圆其说、真实可信即可 。


2006

年:


According to the recent survey/ data/ figure/ statistics/ study by


the Chinese Academy of Social Science, 70% of teenagers in China


worship superstars.


根据中国社会科学院最新的调查,

70%

的中国青少年崇拜明星。


EXEMPLIFICA TION

举例论证:


举例论证是英文写作最常用的论证 手段,英文写作厌恶陈词滥调,喜欢


使用个人经历或具体例子进行论证,以使文章更具说 服力。在考研写作历史


上,

2001

年第二段和

2004

年第三段都要求举例论证。即使提纲没有要求


举例,每年 第二段的意义阐释段也可以进行举例论证。


A. 2001

年第二段:

As an example of the power of love, we should


remember how the Chinese people of all nationalities respond to the


call to help the victims of natural disasters every year. Although


their incomes are still low by international standards, people all over


the country do not hesitate to donate whatever they can-be it money


or goods-to help their needy fellow citizens. Moreover, they do this


with no thought of gain for themselves.


B. 2004

年第三段:

A case in point is the successful launching of


“Shenzhou V Spacecraft


aviation and space flight. Although it means a great achievement for


us Chinese, we are facing new challenges in the future and need to


do further research in space technology. Another illustration is


closely related to us, the examinees. If we pass this test and are


fortunately admitted by a university, we shall not stop making


efforts. Instead, we still have to strive for success in our future


academic study, employment and career.


C. 2006

年第二段:

Beckham represents the image of sport hero


whose handsome appearance and unparalleled football skills are


passionately adored by all the sports fans. Likewise, several teenage


girls won their fame overnight in The 2005 Super Girl Contest in


China, which provoked nationwide noisy debates on the value and


harm of admiring these idols.


COMPARE AND CONTRAST

比较和对比:


比较即比较两者的相同 点,对比即对比两者的不同点,基础较好的同学


可以进行正反论证。


3

)联系现实:


将图画中的每个事物和现实进行联系。


例如

2003

年:


The delicate flower is naturally associated with young people, to be


specific, the only children in our current society; the greenhouse


epitomizes parents’ doting care and abundant material supplies


that can shield the children from the storms, or the harsh reality.


这朵娇弱的花朵自然使人联想到年轻人,具体地说 ,是我们社会中的独生


子女。温室则是父母溺爱和优越物质条件的缩影,它为年轻人档风 遮雨,


使他们远离残酷的现实。


3. SUMMARY

小结:

1

句。


将论证的三句话进行总结,与本段主题句首尾呼应。


例如

2006

年:

-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-



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