雾霾的危害作文2011年陕西高考语文试题及答案详解

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）
英 语
第一部分：英语知识运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 语音知识（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找 出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部
分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
1. again 【D】
A. cabbage B. narrow C. famous D. tradition
2. custom 【C】
A. measure B. upstairs C. respect D. sugar
3. twice 【B】
A. machine B. invite C. terrible D. bitter
4. doubt 【A】
A. amount B. trouble C. shoulder D. group
5. north 【A】
A. thunder B. worthy C. neither D. clothes
第二节 情景对话（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）
根据对话情 景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，
并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项 中有两个为多余选项。
Tom : Hi, Cathy. ___6___ 【G】
Cathy: I have to finish my project on the history of the Internet. What about you?
Tom : 7 If it’s fine, we’ll go camping. Would you like to join us? 【E】
Cathy: I’d like to, but the deadline for my project is next Monday.
Tom : What a pity! 8 【F】
Cathy: Yes, please. Can you suggest any good reference books?
Tom : You may want to read Origins of the Internet and The Digital Future.
Cathy: I’m reading the two books. 9 【C】
Tom : Go to the Science Museum website, and you’ll find lots of up-to-date
information.

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Cathy: Good idea. Thanks for your help.
Tom : 10 【B】
A. Never mind. B. Don’t mention it.
C. Any other suggestions? D. Will you come next time?
depends on the weather ng I can do for you are you up
to this weeked?
第三节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从每小 题的A.B.C.D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上
将该选项涂黑。
11.I walked up to the top of the hill with my feiend, we enjoyed a splendid
view of the lake【B】
B. where C. who
first novel good reviews since it came out last month.
【D】
es receviing receive received
is know to all, People’s Republic of China is Biggest
developing country
in
【C】
;不填 B. 不填 ；the C. the ；the D. 不填；不填
the world.
had luggage an hour befor her plane left.
【D】
ng check d
15.I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money.
【D】

16.-Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen,dear?
-
【C】
r

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one?

new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present
o
n
e
。

three times big as B. three times as big as
C. as big as three times D. as big three times as
18. Jack，you seem in high spirits.
--____________We won the match 4-0.
【A】
A. Guess what? B. So what? C. No wonder. D. No double
19.__________________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for
the post.

【B】
A. Since B. While C. If D. As
highways have been built in China,___________it much easier for people to
trave form one place to another.
【A】
A. making B. made C. to make D. having made
21.—We can give you a ride into town.
--_________Thank you.
【D】
A. Yes,why not? B. Oh,it would be my pleasure.
C. Yes,please. D. Oh,that would be great.
22.I__________through that bitter period without your generous help.

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【
B
】

【A】
A. couldn’t have gone B. didn’t go
C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we
do______benefits our work most.

【C】
A. who B. which C. that D. what
24.—Will
【D】
--________have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A. might B. must C. could D. shall
you read me a story ,Mummy?
insects________the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
【C】
A. take in B. take off C. take on D. take out
第四节 完形填空（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读 下面短文，从短文后各题的ABCD四个选项中，选出合适填入对应空白处的最
佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该选项涂黑。
In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty （贫困）,and only the
rich could manage without great _26_. Three of those rich men and their servants
were_27_together on a road when they came to a very_28_village.
The first could not stand seeing the poverty, _29 he took all the gold and jewels
from his wagons (四轮载重马车) and shared _30 out among the villagers. He wished
them all the best of luck, and he left.
The second rich man ,seeing the _31 situation, stopped for a short time and
gave _32 all his food and drink, since he _33 see that money would be of little _34
to them. He made sure that they each _35 their fair share and would have enough
food to _36 for some time . Then, he left.
The third rich man, on seeing such poverty, _37 and went straight through the
_38 without stopping. The two other rich men saw this from a distance and

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commented with each other_39 the third rich man lacked sympathy. It was _40
that they themselves had been there to offer help.
However, three days later, they 41 the third rich man ,who was coming in the
opposite direction . He was 42 travelling quickly, but his wagons, 43 the gold
and valuables they had been 44 ,were now full of farming tools and bags of
45 .He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
26. A. loss B. expectations C. success D. problems 【D】
27. A. standing B. travelling C. gathering D. running 【B】
28. A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient 【B】
29. A. unless B. because C. so D. if 【C】
30. A. them B. anything C. nothing D. those 【A】
31. A. curious B. worrying C. dangerous D. puzzling 【B】
32. A. the villagers B. his servants C. the others D. the rest 【A】
33. A. could B. might C. should D. must 【A】
34. A. interest n C. use D. attraction 【C】
35. A. returned B. gained C. offered D. received 【D】
【B】
back out C. showed off D. speeded 【D】
e 【A】
r 【B】
n e 【A】
ed ted ded 【B】
y 【A】
43. A. except B. instead of C. apart from D. along with 【B】
44.A. loading B. treasuring C. carrying D. earning 【C】
45.A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds 【D】
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读些列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出你最佳

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选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

46．If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets, you can call .【 C】
A.0844 847 2484 B.0800 587 5007
C.0844 499 6699 D.0161 245 6609
47．How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post? 【 D 】
visiting the website of a post office.
going to your local bank in person.
enclosing your Live Card in an envelope.
providing your credit card information.
48．What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text? 【 A 】
d payment for tickets. tions to opening nights.

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d booking fees by phone us discounts on tickets.
B
Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize,
and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the
mother of a Nobel Prize winner.
Born in September, 1987, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies’ two daughters. Along
with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in
their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school
education at the College of Sévigné in Paris.
Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics
and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using
X-ray facilities（设备） to help save the lives of wounded continued the
work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her
services were recognised in the form of a Military’s Medal by the French government.
In 1918, Irene became her mother’s assistant at the Curie Institute. In December
1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taugh him the techniques required
for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene
was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.
Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was
awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her
mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）.
Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.
49．Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?【B】
e she received a degree in mathematics.
e she contributed to saving the wounded.
e she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.
D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother.
50．Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliot?【A】
the Curie Institute. the Cniversity of Paris.
a military hospital. the College of Sevigne.

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51．When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?【A】
A. In 1932. B. In 1927. C. In 1897. D. In 1926.
52． In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?【C】
worked with radioactivity. combined family and career.
won the Nobel Prize once died from leukemia.
C
In early autumn I applied for applied for admission to college. I wanted to go
nowhere but to Cornell University,but my mother fought strongly againsnst it. When
she saw me studying a photograph of my father on the sports ground of Cornell,she
tore it up.
“You can’t say it’s not a great university,just because Papa went there.”
“That’s not it at it is a top university.”She was still holding the pieces in her
hand. “But we can’t afford to send you to college.”
“I wouldn’t dream of asking you for you want me to get a job to help
suppont you and Papa?Things aren’t that bad,are they?”
“No,”she said. “I don’t expect you to help support us.”
Father borrowed money form his rich cousins to start a small jewellery shop,His
chief customers were his old college get new customers,my mother had to
picked up a long-forgotten membership in the local league of women,so that
she cound get to know more people. Whether those people would turn into customers
was another question. I knew that my Parents had to wait for quite a long time before
their small investment (投资) could show ’s more ,they had not wanted
enough to be roch and successful ；otherwise they cound not possibly have managed
their lives so badly.
I was torn between the desave to help them and change,their lives,and the
determinstion not to repeat their mistakes.I had a strong belief in my power to go what
I months of hard study I won a full college scholarship（奖学金）.My
father could hardly contain his pride in me,and my mother eventually gave in before
my success.

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author was not allowed to go to Cornell University mainly because【D】
A. his father grduated from the university
B. his mother did not thinks it a great university
C. his parents needed him to help support the family
D. his parents did not have enough money for him
father srarted his small shop with the money from .【C】
A.a local league university
relatives college friends
did the mother renew her membership in the league? 【A】
help with her husband’s business raise money for her son
meet her long-forgotten friends better manage her life
ing to the text,what was the author determined to do in that autumn? 【C】
A. To get a well- paid job for himself
B. To improve relations with his mother
C. To go to his dream university
D. To carry on with his father’s business
D
Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, gentically
mondified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in
many countries in the word,mainly on the basis of their promise to end the worldwide
food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would ,is it
the best solutiorr?
Despite what it promiises,GM technology actually has not increased the
production potential of any corp. In fact
Studies show that the most crown GM croo.
GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report than
analysed nearly two decades of research on mojor GM food crops shows that GM
engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.
Something else, however, has been on the rise, While GM seeds are expensive, GM
companics tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides

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（杀虫剂）. On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have
produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “ The
promise was that you could use less chemicals and boost production. But nether is
true,” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Farm Coalition.
At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue
that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is
not caused by production, but by problems in food distribution and politics. These
indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from
the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank
report.
As a matter of fact ,scientists see better ways to feed the world. Another World
Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide
poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green”
farming is supposed to be the first choice.
author develops the second paragraph mainly .
【C】
A. by classification B. by comparison
C. by example D. by process
58. What does the underlined word “boost ” in the third paragraph probably mean?
【D】
A. Control. B. Evaluate C. Obtain. D. Increase.
59. GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from ______________.
【B】
A. practicing “green” farming B. use of less chemicals
C. fair distribution of their crops D. using more crops for fuel
60. Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM
technology? 【C】
A. Optimistic B. Defensive C. Disapproving D. Casual
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

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根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答 题卡
上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. A sense of humour is not an inborn ability.
B. A sense of humour can be developed in our life.
C. A sense of humour helps us from several aspects.
D. A sense of humour means more than telling jokes.
E. A sense of humour can be expressed in many ways.
F. A sense of humour helps people to better enjoy life.
61.
C
As awareness of the cenefits of humour increases, most of us want to get all the langhs
we can. It seems that almost every day there is another new discovery about the
power of humour to help us physically, mentally, cmotionally, and sp[iritually. Every
system of the body responds to langhter in some important or positive way .
62.
A
Many pcople mistakenly believe that we are born with a sense of humour. They think
that when it comes to a sense of humour. “either you have got it or you don't .” This is
false! What is true, however, is that the ability to laugh and smile is actually something
we are born with. For example, we laugh when we are tickled under the arm, even
without thinking about how to react.
B
63.

The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are
mature at birth in human infants, but that is not the same thing as having a sense of
humour. (After all, when a baby laughs in his small bed we don’t rush over and say,
“That kid has a great sense of humour!”) Your sense of humour is something you can
develop over a lifetime. Don’t be nervous before others and try to laugh at
yourself-then you will make them laugh too.
D
64.


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Humour includes a lot more than laughing and joke telling. Many people worry
needlessly that they do not have a good sense of humour because they are not good
joke tellers. More than jokes, a sense of humour requires being willing and able to see
the funny side of life’s situations as they happen. In fact, one of the best definitions（定
义）of a sense of humour is “the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.”
F
65.

There may be a thousand different ways to express your sense of humour, but joke
telling is only one of those ways. As more is discovered about how humour benefits our
life, more people will be able to see and enjoy the humour when they are in a difficult
situation. Life depends on air, food and water, but it is made easier to live with a good
sense of humour.
第三部分： 写作（共三节，满分55分）
第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据下列各句句意和空白之后 的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对
应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词。
66. The smell of fresh （新鲜的）bread and frying eggs filled the kitchen.
67. He has devoted his whole life to world peace （和平）.
68. Alexander Graham Bell became famous overnight by inventing （发明）the
telephone.
69. Several companies have announced their intention to compete （竞争）for the
construction project.
70. Both my parents were born in October（十月）,but five years apart.
71. The symptoms of flu may be unpleasant, but they disappear (消失) within a few
days.
72. Christophe Bites was born and brought up in France, but he speaks English fluently
(流利地).
73. Among the many hobbies (业余爱好) of his are reading, music and tennis.
74. Sue Wood was only nine when her first short story was published.(出版).

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75. I have an apology(道歉) to make to you—I’m afraid I opened your letter by mistake.
第二节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修 改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作
文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单 词的增加、删
除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（___），并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last Sunday morning, when I was having a walk in the park near my home, I
came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor.
making actors
I didn’t have my camera
With me at that time, but I rushed back home to get ∧. Unfortunately,
Soand it
by the time I got back, they have finished the scene and actor couldn’t
had
be seen everywhere. I was really disappointing and about to leave when
anywhere disappointed
he walked out ∧ a building. He was right there in
of
couldn’t believe my luck-not only did I had my photo taken wuth him, but
have
he signed his name on my shirt!
第三节 书面表达（满分30分）
假定你是中学生李华。在一位名叫TigerMom的学生家长的博客上，你 看到如
下内容。请你根据博客内容、写作要点和要求，给这位家长回复。
I’m the mother of a fourteen-year-old. I have a rule for my daughter: be among

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front of me! I

the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another. She has been doing very well
in school, but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her.
Am I wrong?
写作要点：
1.表明自己的看法；
2.陈述自己的理由（可举例说明）；
3.提出至少两条建议
要求：
1.短文须写在答题卡的指定区域。 2.短文词数不少于100（不含已写好的
部分）。
3.内容充实，结构完整，语意连贯。 4.书写需清晰、工整。
Hi，TigerMom，
What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for many parents in China. My idea is that it
is not quite right for you to do so.
Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating syudents and their
future university admission,development in wisdom,emotion,health,and life attitude
school never be are many examples around all-A student in
school have turned out not to be ac successful in society as they were
reason is often that the pressure from their parents alloes them almost no time for
other rmore,punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them
grow up mentally and physically.
So I suggest that you take your friends’ importansly,let her live like a
lovely girl;let her have more friends and social activities;and let her make takes of her
own as we teenagers often do.
B卷选择题答案
第一部分：英语知识运用（1~45）
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.E 10.F 11.D
12.B 13. A 14.C 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C 21.B
22.C 23.A 25.D 26.C 27.A 28.A 29.D 30.B 31.A 32.B
34.D 35.C 36.A 37.C 38.B 39.D 40.B 41.A 42.B 43.A

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44.D 45.C
第二部分：阅读理解（46~65）
46.A 47.B 48.C 49.D 50.C 51.C 52.A 53.B 54.D 55.C
56.A 57.A 58.B 59.D 60.A 61.D 62.A 63.E 64.C 65.A


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